Rzeszów, zamek, 1600, 1903-1906 danz 009

Subcarpathian Voivodeship or Subcarpathia Province (in pl, Województwo podkarpackie ) is a

voivodeship A voivodeship is the area administered by a voivode (Governor) in several countries of central and eastern Europe. Voivodeships have existed since medieval times and the area of extent of voivodeship resembles that of a duchy in western medieval ...

, or

province A province is almost always an administrative division within a country or state. The term derives from the ancient Roman ''provincia'', which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire's territorial possessions out ...

, in the southeastern corner of

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populou ...

. Its administrative capital and largest city is

Rzeszów Rzeszów ( , ; la, Resovia; yi, ריישא ''Raisha'')) is the largest city in southeastern Poland. It is located on both sides of the Wisłok River in the heartland of the Sandomierz Basin. Rzeszów has been the capital of the Subcarpathian ...

. Along with the Marshall, it is governed by the

Subcarpathian Regional Assembly The Subcarpathian Voivodeship Sejmik ( pl, Sejmik Województwa Podkarpackiego) is the regional legislature of the Voivodeship of Subcarpathia in Poland. It is a unicameral parliamentary body consisting of thirty-three councillors elected every f ...

. Historically, most of the province's territory was part of the

Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia , conventional_long_name = Principality of Galicia–VolhyniaKingdom of Galicia–Volhynia , common_name = Galicia–Volhynia , status = Vassal state of the Golden Horde (from 1246) , era = Middle Ages , year_start = 1199 , year_end = 1349 , ...

, the

Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria The Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria,, ; pl, Królestwo Galicji i Lodomerii, ; uk, Королівство Галичини та Володимирії, Korolivstvo Halychyny ta Volodymyrii; la, Rēgnum Galiciae et Lodomeriae also known as ...

and the

Ruthenian Voivodeship The Ruthenian Voivodeship (Latin: ''Palatinatus russiae'', Polish: ''Województwo ruskie'', Ukrainian: ''Руське воєводство'', romanized: ''Ruske voievodstvo''), also called Rus’ voivodeship, was a voivodeship of the Crown o ...

. In the interwar period, it was part of the

Lwów Voivodeship Lwów Voivodeship ( pl, Województwo lwowskie) was an administrative unit of interwar Poland (1918–1939). Because of the Nazi-Soviet invasion of Poland in accordance with the secret Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, it became occupied by both the Weh ...

. The

was created on 1 January 1999 out of the former

Przemyśl Przemyśl (; yi, פשעמישל, Pshemishl; uk, Перемишль, Peremyshl; german: Premissel) is a city in southeastern Poland with 58,721 inhabitants, as of December 2021. In 1999, it became part of the Subcarpathian Voivodeship; it was p ...

Krosno Krosno (in full ''The Royal Free City of Krosno'', pl, Królewskie Wolne Miasto Krosno) is a historical town and county in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in southeastern Poland. The estimated population of the town is 47,140 inhabitants as of 2 ...

and (partially)

Tarnów Tarnów () is a city in southeastern Poland with 105,922 inhabitants and a metropolitan area population of 269,000 inhabitants. The city is situated in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship since 1999. From 1975 to 1998, it was the capital of the Tarn� ...

and

Tarnobrzeg Tarnobrzeg is a city in south-eastern Poland (historic Lesser Poland), on the east bank of the river Vistula, with 49,419 inhabitants, as of 31 December 2009. Situated in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship (Polish: ''Województwo podkarpackie'') sinc ...

Voivodeships, pursuant to the Polish local-government reforms adopted in 1998. The name derives from the region's location near the

Carpathian Mountains The Carpathian Mountains or Carpathians () are a range of mountains forming an arc across Central Europe. Roughly long, it is the third-longest European mountain range after the Urals at and the Scandinavian Mountains at . The range stretche ...

, and the voivodeship comprises areas of two historic regions of Eastern Europe —

Lesser Poland Lesser Poland, often known by its Polish name Małopolska ( la, Polonia Minor), is a historical region situated in southern and south-eastern Poland. Its capital and largest city is Kraków. Throughout centuries, Lesser Poland developed a ...

(western and northwestern counties) and

Red Ruthenia Red Ruthenia or Red Rus' ( la, Ruthenia Rubra; '; uk, Червона Русь, Chervona Rus'; pl, Ruś Czerwona, Ruś Halicka; russian: Червонная Русь, Chervonnaya Rus'; ro, Rutenia Roșie), is a term used since the Middle Ages fo ...

. During the

interwar period In the history of the 20th century, the interwar period lasted from 11 November 1918 to 1 September 1939 (20 years, 9 months, 21 days), the end of the First World War to the beginning of the Second World War. The interwar period was relative ...

(1918-1939), Subcarpathian Voivodeship belonged to "Poland B", the less-developed, more rural parts of Poland. To boost the local economy, the government of the

Second Polish Republic The Second Polish Republic, at the time officially known as the Republic of Poland, was a country in Central and Eastern Europe that existed between 1918 and 1939. The state was established on 6 November 1918, before the end of the First World ...

began in the mid-1930s a massive program of industrialization, known as the Central Industrial Region. The program created several major armament factories, including

PZL Mielec PZL Mielec (''Polskie Zakłady Lotnicze'' - Polish Aviation Works), formerly WSK-Mielec (''Wytwórnia Sprzętu Komunikacyjnego'') and WSK "PZL-Mielec" is a Polish aerospace manufacturer based in Mielec. It is the largest aerospace manufacturer i ...

, PZL Rzeszów,

Huta Stalowa Wola Huta Stalowa Wola (HSW SA) is a defense contractor that operates a steel mill in the city of Stalowa Wola, Poland. It is a major producer of military equipment and one of the largest heavy construction machinery producers in East-Central Euro ...

, and factories in other Subcarpathian towns such as

Dębica Dębica (; yi, דעמביץ ''Dembitz'') is a town in southeastern Poland with 44,692 inhabitants as of December 2021. It is the capital of Dębica County. Since 1999 it has been situated in the Podkarpackie Voivodeship; it had previously been ...

Nowa Dęba Nowa Dęba is a town in Tarnobrzeg County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, Poland, with a population of 11,310, as of 2 June 2009. Nowa Dęba belongs to historic Lesser Poland, and is located in the Sandomierz Forest, along European route E371. Near t ...

Sanok Sanok (in full the Royal Free City of Sanok — pl, Królewskie Wolne Miasto Sanok, rue, Санок, ''Sanok'', ua, Cянік, ''Sianik'', la, Sanocum, yi, סאניק, ''Sonik'') is a town in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship of south-eastern ...

and Nowa Sarzyna. One of the names that was proposed for this voivodeship, was Galician, referring to the old historical region of Galicia. Despite having the approval of the population, the name that was put at the end was Subcarpathian, although it has never been called this way before. It is bordered by

Lesser Poland Voivodeship Lesser Poland Voivodeship or Lesser Poland Province (in pl, województwo małopolskie ), also known as Małopolska, is a voivodeship (province), in southern Poland. It has an area of , and a population of 3,404,863 (2019). It was created on 1 ...

to the west,

Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship The Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, also known as the Świętokrzyskie Province, and the Holy Cross Voivodeship ( pl, województwo świętokrzyskie ) is a voivodeship ( province) of Poland situated in southeastern part of the country, in the his ...

to the north-west,

Lublin Voivodeship The Lublin Voivodeship, also known as the Lublin Province ( Polish: ''województwo lubelskie'' ), is a voivodeship (province) of Poland, located in southeastern part of the country. It was created on January 1, 1999, out of the former Lublin, C ...

to the north,

Ukraine Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian inva ...

(

Lviv Oblast Lviv Oblast ( uk, Льві́вська о́бласть, translit=Lvivska oblast, ), also referred to as Lvivshchyna ( uk, Льві́вщина, ), ). The name of each oblast is a relational adjective—in English translating to a noun adjunct w ...

and

Zakarpattia Oblast The Zakarpattia Oblast ( uk, Закарпатська область, Zakarpatska oblast) is an administrative oblast located in western Ukraine, mostly coterminous with the historical region of Carpathian Ruthenia. Its administrative centre is ...

) to the east and

Slovakia Slovakia (; sk, Slovensko ), officially the Slovak Republic ( sk, Slovenská republika, links=no ), is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east, Hungary to the south, Austria to the ...

(

Prešov Region The Prešov Region, also Priashiv Region ( sk, Prešovský kraj, ; hu, Eperjesi kerület; uk, Пряшівський край) is one of the eight Slovak administrative regions and consists of 13 districts (okresy) and 666 municipalities, 23 o ...

) to the south. It covers an area of , and has a population of 2,127,462 (as at 2019). The voivodeship is mostly hilly or mountainous (see Bieszczady,

Beskidy The Beskids or Beskid Mountains ( pl, Beskidy, cs, Beskydy, sk, Beskydy, rue, Бескиды (''Beskydŷ''), ua, Бескиди (''Beskydy'')) are a series of mountain ranges in the Carpathians, stretching from the Czech Republic in the west ...

); its northwestern corner is flat. It is one of the most wooded Polish voivodeships (35.9% of total area), within its borders there is whole

Bieszczady National Park Bieszczady National Park (; pl, Bieszczadzki Park Narodowy) is the third-largest national park in Poland, located in Subcarpathian Voivodeship in the extreme southeast corner of the country. In 2021, the national park became a UNESCO World Herit ...

, and parts of Magura National Park.

Cities and towns

The voivodeship contains 6 cities and 45 towns. These are listed below in descending order of population (according to official figures as of 2019)

Administrative division

Subcarpathian Voivodeship is divided into 25 counties (

powiat A ''powiat'' (pronounced ; Polish plural: ''powiaty'') is the second-level unit of local government and administration in Poland, equivalent to a county, district or prefecture ( LAU-1, formerly NUTS-4) in other countries. The term "''powiat ...

s): 4 city counties and 21 land counties. These are further divided into 160

gmina The gmina (Polish: , plural ''gminy'' , from German ''Gemeinde'' meaning ''commune'') is the principal unit of the administrative division of Poland, similar to a municipality. , there were 2,477 gminas throughout the country, encompassing over 4 ...

s. The counties are listed in the following table (ordering within categories is by decreasing population).

Protected areas

Protected area Protected areas or conservation areas are locations which receive protection because of their recognized natural, ecological or cultural values. There are several kinds of protected areas, which vary by level of protection depending on the ena ...

s in Subcarpathian Voivodeship include two

national park A national park is a natural park in use for conservation purposes, created and protected by national governments. Often it is a reserve of natural, semi-natural, or developed land that a sovereign state declares or owns. Although individual ...

s and 11 Landscape Parks. These are listed below. *

(part of the

East Carpathian Biosphere Reserve The East Carpathian Biosphere Reserve is a transboundary protected area, designated as an area of global importance under UNESCO's Programme on Man and the Biosphere.It is located in the Eastern Carpathians and includes parts of three countries: ...

) * Magura National Park (partly in

) * Cisna-Wetlina Landscape Park * Czarnorzeki-Strzyżów Landscape Park * Jaśliska Landscape Park *

Janów Forests Landscape Park Janów Forests Landscape Park, ( Polish: ''Park Krajobrazowy Lasy Janowskie''), is a Polish Landscape Park designated protected area in southeastern Poland.Lublin Voivodeship The Lublin Voivodeship, also known as the Lublin Province ( Polish: ''województwo lubelskie'' ), is a voivodeship (province) of Poland, located in southeastern part of the country. It was created on January 1, 1999, out of the former Lublin, C ...

) * Pasmo Brzanki Landscape Park (partly in Lesser Poland Voivodeship) * Pogórze Przemyskie Landscape Park *

Puszcza Solska Landscape Park Puszcza Solska Landscape Park, also known as Solska Forest Landscape Park (''Park Krajobrazowy Puszczy Solskiej''), is a Polish Landscape Park protected area in southeastern Poland. The nature park protects an area of . It was established in 19 ...

(partly in Lublin Voivodeship) * San Valley Landscape Park * Słonne Mountains Landscape Park * South Roztocze Landscape Park (partly in Lublin Voivodeship)

Economy

The

Gross domestic product Gross domestic product (GDP) is a monetary measure of the market value of all the final goods and services produced and sold (not resold) in a specific time period by countries. Due to its complex and subjective nature this measure is of ...

(GDP) of the province was 19.4 billion euros in 2018, accounting for 3.9% of Polish economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was 15,100 euros or 50% of the EU27 average in the same year. The GDP per employee was 59% of the EU average. Podkarpackie Voivodship is the province with the third lowest GDP per capita in Poland.

History

Ethnic groups

Population according to 2002 census

Poles Poles,, ; singular masculine: ''Polak'', singular feminine: ''Polka'' or Polish people, are a West Slavic nation and ethnic group, who share a common history, culture, the Polish language and are identified with the country of Poland in ...

- 2 079 208(98,8 %) ** Pogorzans *

Ukrainians Ukrainians ( uk, Українці, Ukraintsi, ) are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Ukraine. They are the seventh-largest nation in Europe. The native language of the Ukrainians is Ukrainian. The majority of Ukrainians are Eastern Ort ...

- 3271 (0,2 %) **

Rusyns Rusyns (), also known as Carpatho-Rusyns (), or Rusnaks (), are an East Slavic ethnic group from the Eastern Carpathians in Central Europe. They speak Rusyn, an East Slavic language variety, treated variously as either a distinct lang ...

***

Lemkos Lemkos ( rue, Лeмкы, translit= Lemkŷ; pl, Łemkowie; uk, Лемки, translit=Lemky) are an ethnic group inhabiting the Lemko Region ( rue, Лемковина, translit=Lemkovyna; uk, Лемківщина, translit=Lemkivshchyna) of Car ...

- 147 ***

Boykos The Boykos ( uk, Бойки, Boiky; pl, Bojkowie; sk, Pujďáci), or simply Highlanders (верховинці, ''verkhovyntsi''), are an ethnolinguistic sub-group of Ukrainians located in the Carpathian Mountains of Ukraine, Slovakia, Hung ...

Romani people The Romani (also spelled Romany or Rromani , ), colloquially known as the Roma, are an Indo-Aryan peoples, Indo-Aryan ethnic group, traditionally nomadic Itinerant groups in Europe, itinerants. They live in Europe and Anatolia, and have Ro ...

- 717 *

Americans Americans are the citizens and nationals of the United States of America.; ; Although direct citizens and nationals make up the majority of Americans, many dual citizens, expatriates, and permanent residents could also legally claim Ame ...

- 129 *

Russians , native_name_lang = ru , image = , caption = , population = , popplace = 118 million Russians in the Russian Federation (2002 '' Winkler Prins'' estimate) , region1 = , pop1 ...

- 128 *

Germans , native_name_lang = de , region1 = , pop1 = 72,650,269 , region2 = , pop2 = 534,000 , region3 = , pop3 = 157,000 3,322,405 , region4 = , pop4 = ...

- 116 *

Italians , flag = , flag_caption = The national flag of Italy , population = , regions = Italy 55,551,000 , region1 = Brazil , pop1 = 25–33 million , ref1 = , region2 ...

- 108 * No answer - 19 055(0,9 %)

Most popular surnames in the region

# Mazur:

Kujawiak The Kujawiak is a Polish folk dance from the region of Kujawy in central Poland.Don Michael Randel. ''The Harvard Dictionary of Music''. Harvard University Press. 2003. p. 449. It is one of the five national dances of Poland, the others being the ...

, Ślązak similarly as

Krakowiak The Krakowiak or Cracovienne is a fast, syncopated Polish folk dance in duple time from the region of Kraków and Lesser Poland. The folk outfit worn for the dance has become the national costume of Poland, most notably, the rogatywka peaked hat ...

and Mazur, took its name from the region of origin; " Mazowsze zasługuje na uwagę ze względu uzdolnień kolonizacyjnych ludności, które to plemię zapędzały na Ruś Czerwoną, w ziemię bialską, więc w sadyby dawnych Jadźwingów, na Podole. Wszędzie jednakże swoje plemienne cechy, a chociażby nazwę Mazurzy. Do dziś dnia (Tatomir Geografija Galicji 1876. str. 59) między Rabą a lewym brzegiem Sanu ludność miejscowa nosi nazwę Mazurów, z których część pod nazwą Grębowiaków (Lisowiaków al. Borowców) siedzi między Wisłą, dolnym Sanem po

Mielec Mielec ( yi, מעליץ-Melitz) is the largest city and seat of Mielec County. Mielec is located in south-eastern Poland (Lesser Poland), in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship (Województwo Podkarpackie). The population of Mielec in December 2021 wa ...

, i Leżajsk. Mamy zaś ślady, że w 1373 w Sanockiem nad Sanem, z daru księcia Władysława Opolczyka, a wówczas pana Rusi (lwowskiej) otrzymał wieś Jabłonicę Przybysław syn Fala z ziemi łęczyckiej ( AGZ t. VII, str. 15-16)..." :Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom VI. III. Etnografia i stosunki społeczne. str. 191. 9,530 # Nowak: 9,301 # Baran: 8,020

Notable residents

* Moe Drabowsky, American major league baseball pitcher * Stefan Turchak, Ukrainian conductor

Subcarpathia landscape pictures

File:Ratusz-POL, Rzeszów.jpg, Rzeszów

town hall In local government, a city hall, town hall, civic centre (in the UK or Australia), guildhall, or a municipal building (in the Philippines), is the chief administrative building of a city, town, or other municipality. It usually houses ...

File:Łańcut Castle Front.jpg,

Łańcut Castle Łańcut Castle is a complex of historical buildings located in Łańcut, Poland. Historically the residence of the Pilecki, Lubomirski and Potocki families, the complex includes a number of buildings and is surrounded by a park. The castle is ...

File:0.2014 Sanok, von Kościuszkistrasse aus gesehen.JPG,

File:Krasiczyn od fosy.jpg, Krasiczyn Castle File:Jasło-pałac1.JPG,

Jasło Jasło is a county town in south-eastern Poland with 36,641 inhabitants, as of 31 December 2012. It is situated in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship (since 1999), and it was previously part of Krosno Voivodeship (1975–1998). It is located in Lesse ...

Palace File:2015 Przemyśl, Widok na miasto z baszty północnej zamku (06).jpg,

File:Huwniki Widok.jpg,

Huwniki Huwniki is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Fredropol, within Przemyśl County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship (also known as Podkarpackie Voivodeship), in south-eastern Poland, close to the border with Ukraine. It lies approximately ...

File:2015, Przemyśl, Zamek Kazimierzowski (02).jpg, Royal Casimir Castle in

File:Synagoga lesko.jpg,

Lesko Lesko (or ''Lisko'' until 1926; ua, Лісько - Lisko; la, Lescow, alias ''Olesco Lescovium''; yi, לינסק-Linsk) is a town in south-eastern Poland with a population of 5,755 (02.06.2009). situated in the Bieszczady mountains. It is ...

synagogue File:2014 Tarnobrzeg, Zamek Tarnowskich 02.JPG,

Tarnowski Tarnowski (feminine: Tarnowska; plural: Tarnowscy) is a Polish-language toponymic surname derived from the city of Tarnów. Related surnames People * Tarnowski family, a Polish noble family * Adam Tarnowski (senior) (1866–1946), Polish and A ...

Palace in

File:Jarosław1.JPG, Jarosław town hall File:20180816 Zamek w Baranowie Sandomierskim 1545 8967 DxO.jpg,

Baranów Sandomierski Castle The Baranów Sandomierski Castle is a Mannerist castle located in the town of Baranów Sandomierski in the Subcarpathian Voivodship, south-eastern Poland. It is one of the most important Mannerist structures in the country. The castle is commonl ...

File:Organs in Basilica of St. Mary in Leżajsk.jpg, 16th-century

Baroque The Baroque (, ; ) is a style of architecture, music, dance, painting, sculpture, poetry, and other arts that flourished in Europe from the early 17th century until the 1750s. In the territories of the Spanish and Portuguese empires including ...

organs in Leżajsk File:Solina Poland.jpg, Solina Lake File:Solina lake view.jpg, Solina seen from the distance File:Sine Wiry 05.jpg,

Wetlina Wetlina ( uk, Ветлина, ''Vetlyna'') is a village with a population of 307 (in 2004) located in south-eastern Poland in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship, near the border with Slovakia. It is near the entrance to Bieszczady National Park and ...

River File:Two lynxes playing.jpg,

Lynx A lynx is a type of wild cat. Lynx may also refer to: Astronomy * Lynx (constellation) * Lynx (Chinese astronomy) * Lynx X-ray Observatory, a NASA-funded mission concept for a next-generation X-ray space observatory Places Canada * Lynx, ...

File:PL-PK Blizne, kościół Wszystkich Świętych 2014-07-26--09-26-59-001.jpg, Church of All Saints in Blizne, a

UNESCO World Heritage Site A World Heritage Site is a landmark or area with legal protection by an international convention administered by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). World Heritage Sites are designated by UNESCO for ...

File:Przeclaw js.jpg,

Przecław Przecław is a small town in Mielec County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Przecław. It lies in Lesser Poland, approximately south of Mielec and north-we ...

File:Wisłok Wielki cerkiew.JPG, Wisłok Wielki File:Pogórze zach. skansen Sanok.jpg, Open air museum in Sanok File:San widziany z Zamku Sobień.JPG, San River File:Tarnica winter.JPG, Tarnica Mountain File:Sanockie nafta pompa.jpg, A historic

oil well An oil well is a drillhole boring in Earth that is designed to bring petroleum oil hydrocarbons to the surface. Usually some natural gas is released as associated petroleum gas along with the oil. A well that is designed to produce only gas ma ...

File:Leopard-AMI-Leipzig-2007a.JPG,

Leopard The leopard (''Panthera pardus'') is one of the five extant species in the genus '' Panthera'', a member of the cat family, Felidae. It occurs in a wide range in sub-Saharan Africa, in some parts of Western and Central Asia, Southern Russia, ...

car File:20110827 Black Hawk Radom Air Show 9577.jpg, Black Hawk helicopters are produced by

File:Autosan A1212C Eurolider - Transexpo 2009.jpg,

Autosan Autosan Sp. z o.o. is a Polish bus and coach manufacturer. The company is located in Sanok, Poland. Its sales network includes European (also non-EU countries), African and Asian countries. Currently it produces approximately 300 buses a ...

bus and coach manufacturer has its headquarters in Sanok File:Zapora Solińska - panoramio.jpg, Solina dam is the largest dam in Poland

References

* '

Notes

External links

Subcarpathia photo gallery
*
Subcarpathian Voivodeship official website
*
Podkarpacki Urząd Wojewódzki
Official website *
The castles and palaces of Subcarpathian province
{{Authority control 1999 establishments in Poland States and territories established in 1999 Rusyn communities