Pierre de Nolhac
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Pierre Girault de Nolhac (15 December 1859,
Ambert Ambert (; Auvergnat: ''Embèrt'') is a commune in the Puy-de-Dôme department in Auvergne in central France. Administration Ambert is the seat of the canton of Ambert and the arrondissement of Ambert. It is a sub-prefecture of the department. ...
– 31 January 1936,
Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), ma ...
), known as Pierre de Nolhac, was a French historian, art historian and poet.


Biography

After studying at
Le Puy-en-Velay Le Puy-en-Velay (, literally ''Le Puy in Velay''; oc, Lo Puèi de Velai ) is the prefecture of the Haute-Loire department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of south-central France. Located near the river Loire, the city is famous for its c ...
, in Rodez and
Clermont-Ferrand Clermont-Ferrand (, ; ; oc, label=Auvergnat, Clarmont-Ferrand or Clharmou ; la, Augustonemetum) is a city and commune of France, in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, with a population of 146,734 (2018). Its metropolitan area (''aire d'attract ...
, Pierre de Nolhac went to Paris in 1880 to undertake a literature degree at the Sorbonne and the
École pratique des hautes études The École pratique des hautes études (), abbreviated EPHE, is a Grand Établissement in Paris, France. It is highly selective, and counted among France's most prestigious research and higher education institutions. It is a constituent college o ...
, where he later became director of studies. A Member of the French School of Rome in 1882, he worked there on Italian humanism of the sixteenth century. In 1886, he was attached to the Museum in the Palace of Versailles and became curator in 1892, founding a chair of art history within the
École du Louvre The École du Louvre is an institution of higher education and grande école located in the Aile de Flore of the Louvre Palace in Paris, France. It is dedicated to the study of archaeology, art history, anthropology and epigraphy. Admission is ...
in 1910, then retiring to the
Musée Jacquemart-André The Musée Jacquemart-André ( en, Jacquemart-André Museum) is a private museum located at 158 Boulevard Haussmann in the 8th arrondissement of Paris. The museum was created from the private home of Édouard André (1833–1894) and Nélie Jacq ...
in 1920. He was elected a member of the Académie française in 1922. His activities in the museum of Versailles were crucial, since they contributed greatly to modernisation and to restoring the collections, including the furniture, which had been dispersed during the
French Revolution The French Revolution ( ) was a period of radical political and societal change in France that began with the Estates General of 1789 and ended with the formation of the French Consulate in coup of 18 Brumaire, November 1799. Many of its ...
. He played a role in the preparations for the
Treaty of Versailles The Treaty of Versailles (french: Traité de Versailles; german: Versailler Vertrag, ) was the most important of the peace treaties of World War I. It ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers. It was signed on 28 June ...
, which took place in the Palace in June 1919. Pierre de Nolhac left a substantial body of work largely devoted to history, especially to Renaissance humanism. During his stay at the French School of Rome (1882-1885), he discovered unpublished manuscripts of Petrarch in the Vatican library, and the discovery helped advance knowledge about his subject. His monograph on
Fulvio Orsini Fulvio Orsini (11 December 1529 – 18 May 1600) was an Italian humanist, historian, and archaeologist. He was a descendant of the Orsini family, one of the oldest, most illustrious, and for centuries most powerful of the Roman princely families ...
is still authoritative. He also devoted several books to Queen
Marie-Antoinette Marie Antoinette Josèphe Jeanne (; ; née Maria Antonia Josepha Johanna; 2 November 1755 – 16 October 1793) was the last queen of France before the French Revolution. She was born an archduchess of Austria, and was the penultimate child ...
at Versailles. His work as a poet was recognised in his own time, notably by his friend, the Italian poet Gabriele d'Annunzio. The central library of Versailles has many manuscripts of major works by Pierre de Nolhac, including ''
Erasmus Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus (; ; English: Erasmus of Rotterdam or Erasmus;''Erasmus'' was his baptismal name, given after St. Erasmus of Formiae. ''Desiderius'' was an adopted additional name, which he used from 1496. The ''Roterodamus'' w ...
and Italy'', ''Queen Marie Antoinette'', ''Nattier'', ''Louis XV and Marie Leszczynska''. Also available are the original of his 1924 acceptance speech to the Académie française and his very extensive correspondence with figures as diverse as Marcel Proust, Henri Bergson,
Leconte de Lisle Charles Marie René Leconte de Lisle (; 22 October 1818 – 17 July 1894) was a French poet of the Parnassian movement. He is traditionally known by his surname only, Leconte de Lisle''. Biography Leconte de Lisle was born on the French overseas ...
, Ernest Renan, Mussolini or Lyautey. A
postage stamp A postage stamp is a small piece of paper issued by a post office, postal administration, or other authorized vendors to customers who pay postage (the cost involved in moving, insuring, or registering mail), who then affix the stamp to the f ...
was issued bearing his image February 13, 1960. A street in Versailles, near the castle between the Dufour Pavilion and the Grand Commun, bears his name. He is the father of the painter Henri de Nolhac.


Works

*''Le Dernier Amour de Ronsard'' (1882) *''Lettres de Joachim Du Bellay publiées pour la première fois d'après les originaux'' (1883) *''Le Canzoniere autographe de Pétrarque'' (1886) *''La Bibliothèque de Fulvio Orsini'' (1887) *''Petites Notes sur l'art italien'' (1887) *''Erasme en Italie. Les études grecques de Pétrarque'' (1888) *''Les Correspondants d'Alde Manuce'' (1888) *''Matériaux nouveaux d'histoire littéraire (1483–1514)'' (1888) *''Le Château de Versailles au temps de Marie-Antoinette'' (1889) *''Piero Vettori et Carlo Sigonio, correspondance avec Fulvio Orsini'' (1889) *''La Reine Marie-Antoinette'' (1889) *''Les Consignes de Marie-Antoinette au Petit Trianon'' (1890) *''Le De viris illustribus de Pétrarque, notice sur les manuscrits originaux, suivie de fragments inédits'' (1890) *''Il viaggio in Italia di Enrico III, re di Francia, e le feste a Venezia, Ferrara, Mantova e Torin'' (1890) *''De Patrum et bledii Aevi scriptorum codicibus in Bibliotheca Petrarcae olim collectis'', thesis (1892) *''Pétrarque et l'Humanisme'', thèse (1892) *''Marie-Antoinette à Trianon'' (1893) *''Paysages de France et d'Italie'' (1894) *''Pietro Bembo et Lazare de Baïf'' (1894) *''Le Château de Versailles musée d'art décoratif'' (1896) *''La Dauphine Marie-Antoinette'' (1896) *''Le Musée de Versailles. Le Virgile du Vatican et ses peintures'' (1897) *''Le Premier Travail français sur Euripide : la traduction de François Tissard'' (1898) *''Le Château de Versailles sous Louis XV'' (1898) *''Les Dernières Constructions de Le Vau à Versailles'' (1899) *''Histoire du château de Versailles'' (1899–1900) *''L'Allée d'eau des jardins de Versailles'' (1900) *''Louis XV et Marie Leszczynska'' (1900) *''Trianon de porcelaine. La Création de Versailles'' (1901) *''Louis XV et Madame de Pompadour'' (1903) *''Poèmes de France et d’Italie'' (1904) *''Jean Marc Nattier'' (1905) *''Les Jardins de Versailles'' (1906) *''François Boucher'' (1907) *''Les Sonnets'' (1907) *''Jean-Honoré Fragonard'' (1910) *''Versailles sous Louis XIV'' (1911) *''Versailles au XVIIIe siècle'' (1918) *''Vers pour la Patrie'' (1920) *''Ronsard et l'Humanisme'' (1921)Bibliotheque Nationale de France catalogue referenc
ark:/12148/bpt6k331206
/ref> *''Souvenirs d'un vieux Romain'' (1922)(1930) *''Un poète rhénan ami de la Pléiade : Paul Melissu'' (1923) *''Études sur la Cour de France'' (1924) *''Le Trianon de Marie-Antoinette'' (1924) *''Pierre de Ronsard'' (1924) *''Pascal en Auvergne'' (1925) *''Versailles inconnu'' (1925) *''Le Testament d'un Latin'' (1928) *''L'Art de la miniature chez Pétrarque'' (1928) *''Autour de la Reine'' (1929) *''La Vie et l’œuvre de Maurice Quentin de Latour'' (1930) *''Pages auvergnates'' (1931) *''L'Art à Versailles'' (1931) *''Contes philosophiques'' (1932) *''Laus Florentiae, con la versione italiana di Adolfo Mabellini'' (1932) *''Le Rameau d'or'' (1933) *''Louis XV à Versailles'' (c1934) La Duchesse de la Valliere after Mignard


Other works

* Saint-André, Claude, ''A king's favourite: Madame du Barry and her times from hitherto unpublished documents'' London, Herbert Jenkins, 1915. Introduction by Pierre de Nolhac.


References


Bibliography

* Pierre de Nolhac, ''La Résurrection de Versailles, Souvenirs d'un conservateur, 1887-1920'' (Plon, 1937); reissue presented and annotated by Christophe Pincemaille, coll. La Société des Amis de Versailles (Paris, Perrin, 2002, p. 251) * Franck Ferrand, ''Ils ont sauvé Versailles'' (Perrin, 2004) * Claire Salvy, ''Pierre de Nolhac 1859-1936'' (Les Editions du Roure, 2009)


External links


Académie françaiseDigitised version of Nolhac's ''Versailles and the Trianons'' (1906) in English
{{DEFAULTSORT:Nolhac 1859 births 1936 deaths 20th-century French historians French poets French art historians Members of the Académie Française French male poets French male non-fiction writers 19th-century French historians