The

Piano Sonata A piano sonata is a sonata written for a solo piano. Piano sonatas are usually written in three or four movements, although some piano sonatas have been written with a single movement ( Scarlatti, Liszt, Scriabin, Medtner, Berg), others with ...

in C major, 279, composed by

Franz Schubert Franz Peter Schubert (; 31 January 179719 November 1828) was an Austrian composer of the late Classical and early Romantic eras. Despite his short lifetime, Schubert left behind a vast ''oeuvre'', including more than 600 secular vocal wo ...

in September 1815, has three

movements Movement may refer to: Common uses * Movement (clockwork), the internal mechanism of a timepiece * Motion, commonly referred to as movement Arts, entertainment, and media Literature * "Movement" (short story), a short story by Nancy Fu ...

and is regarded as incomplete for lacking a fourth movement.Badura-Skoda 1997, p 242 D. 346, an unfinished Allegretto in C major, has been suggested as its final movement.Deutsch 1978, pp 172-173

Movements

The sonata has three completed movements: ;I. Allegro Moderato : C major, with the recapitulation in the

subdominant In music, the subdominant is the fourth tonal degree () of the diatonic scale. It is so called because it is the same distance ''below'' the tonic as the dominant is ''above'' the tonicin other words, the tonic is the dominant of the subdomina ...

key of

F major F major (or the key of F) is a major scale based on F, with the pitches F, G, A, B, C, D, and E. Its key signature has one flat. Its relative minor is D minor and its parallel minor is F minor. The F major scale is: : F major is ...

. ;II. Andante : F major. ;III. Menuetto (Allegro vivace) - Trio : A minor, with the trio in A major. :D. 277A is a slightly different version of the same Minuet, with a different Trio in F major. D. 277A probably predates the D. 279 Sonata.Deutsch 1978, pp 171-172 Since 1928 several scholars, the first being Walter Rehberg, have suggested D. 346 to be the finale of the sonata D. 279:Tirimo 1997 ;(IV. Allegretto D. 346) : Fragment in C major ending at measure 231, where the second theme ends in F minor. :Both Martino Tirimo and

Paul Badura-Skoda Paul Badura-Skoda (6 October 1927 – 25 September 2019) was an Austrian pianist. Career A student of Edwin Fischer, Badura-Skoda first rose to prominence by winning first prize in the Austrian Music Competition in 1947. In 1949, he perform ...

published a completion of this Allegretto, as fourth movement to D. 279, in 1997.Benson 2008, p 23 :The time of composition of this Allegretto is uncertain, probably 1815OAW or 1816.Deutsch 1978, p 205 An abandoned start of a Rondo in C major, D. 309A (mentioned p. 173 in the 1978 version of the

Deutsch catalogue ''Schubert: Thematic Catalogue of all his Works in Chronological Order'', also known as the Deutsch catalogue, is a numbered list of all compositions by Franz Schubert compiled by Otto Erich Deutsch. Since its first publication in 1951, Deutsc ...

however without a catalogue number being assigned to it at the time, so in several publications mentioned as D

deest Deest is a village in the Dutch province of Gelderland. It is a part of the municipality of Druten, and lies about 9 km south of Wageningen. History It was first mentioned in 814 as T(h)esta (CL I, no. 101) and 997 as Dheste. The etymolo ...

), dated 16 October 1815, is another candidate for what Schubert might have intended as last movement for this sonata.Litschauer 2000, p XVI

Score

There were no publications of this work before the

Breitkopf & Härtel Breitkopf & Härtel is the world's oldest music publishing house. The firm was founded in 1719 in Leipzig by Bernhard Christoph Breitkopf. The catalogue currently contains over 1,000 composers, 8,000 works and 15,000 music editions or books on ...

Alte Gesammtausgabe (AGA) edition of the end of the 19th century.

Manuscripts

The autograph of D. 279 is titled Sonate I, and has September 1815 indicated as time of composition. The autograph of D. 346 has no date. Both autographs are in the city library of Vienna, and can be consulted online via the Schubert-''Autographs'' website. The autograph of D. 277A has disappeared, but there is a manuscript copy by

Eusebius Mandyczewski Eusebius Mandyczewski ( uk, Євсевій Мандичевський, translit=Yevsevii Mandychevskyi, ro, Eusebie Mandicevschi; 18 August 1857, in Molodiia – 13 August 1929, in Vienna) was a Romanian musicologist, composer, conductor, and t ...

.Badura-Skoda 1997, p 243 The autograph of the D. 309A fragment has only six bars, and was later completely crossed out by Schubert. This autograph, above the second autograph version of D. 310, is in the

Austrian National Library The Austrian National Library (german: Österreichische Nationalbibliothek) is the largest library in Austria, with more than 12 million items in its various collections. The library is located in the Neue Burg Wing of the Hofburg in center of V ...

, and has been made available on-line.

First publication

D. 279 was first published in 1888 as No. 2 of the Piano Sonatas volume (Series X) of the ''Kritisch durchgesehene Gesammtausgabe''. The second volume of the Supplement (Series XXI) contained the D. 346 fragment. D.277A was first published by Otto Erich Deutsch in 1925.

Urtext Editions

Two

Urtext edition An urtext edition of a work of classical music is a printed version intended to reproduce the original intention of the composer as exactly as possible, without any added or changed material. Other kinds of editions distinct from urtext are facs ...

s were published in 1997:

(

Henle Henle can refer to: *Friedrich Gustav Jakob Henle, a German physician, pathologist and anatomist (1809–1885) ** Loop of Henle In the kidney, the loop of Henle () (or Henle's loop, Henle loop, nephron loop or its Latin counterpart ''ansa nephroni ...

) completes the Sonata in C major D. 279 with the Allegretto D. 346, and gives D. 277A in an appendix. The other publication of the same year is by Martino Tirimo (Wiener Urtext).

Neue Schubert-Ausgabe (NSA)

The

New Schubert Edition Franz Schubert (1797–1828): New Edition of the Complete Works (), commonly known as the New Schubert Edition (NSE), or, in german: Neue Schubert-Ausgabe (NSA), is a complete edition of Franz Schubert's works, which started in 1956 and is schedu ...

has D. 279 in VII/2/1.Litschauer 2000 The Rondo D. 309A fragment is given in an appendix of that publication. D. 277A and D. 346 are contained in VII/2/4Goldberger 1988

Performances

The work, including the D. 346 finale, takes approximately 20 minutes to perform. Performances of the sonata with the D. 346 Allegretto as finale include the December 2000 recording played by Tamara Rumiantsev.

Bart Berman Bart Berman ( he, ברט ברמן; born 29 December 1938) is a Dutch-Israeli pianist and composer, best known as an interpreter of Franz Schubert and 20th-century music. Career Bart Berman studied piano with Jaap Spaanderman at a predecessor of ...

recorded a completion of the D. 279 sonata.Bart Berman. ''(Un)finished piano sonatas'' Rotterdam, the Netherlands : Erasmus, 1997 (recorded December 1996).

References

Sources

Schubert-''Autographs''
website of Austrian Academy of Sciences (OAW): *
D 279 Sonate I
*
D 346 Allegretto (Klavierstück) C-Dur
*
D 309A, crossed out first bars of a Rondo in C major, preceding D 310B "Sehnsucht"
* Franz Schubert's Werke: Kritisch durchgesehene Gesammtausgabe (AGA): Leipzig,

: **D. 279: Julius Epstein (ed.) ''Serie 10: Sonaten für Pianoforte'' — No. 2 (1888). **D. 346:

(ed.) ''Serie 21: Supplement'' — Instrumentalmusik, Band 3 — No. 17 (1897). *

s: **

(ed.
''Franz Schubert: Piano Sonatas'' — Volume III (Early and Unfinished Sonatas)

G. Henle Verlag G. Henle Verlag is a German Music publisher, music publishing house specialising in Urtext editions of classical music. The catalogue includes works by composers from different epochs periods, in particular composers from the Baroque music, Baro ...

(1997). ** Martino Tirimo (ed.
''Schubert: The Complete Piano Sonatas'' — Volume 1
Vienna: Wiener Urtext Edition (1997). ISMN 979-0-50057-223-7 * Franz Schubert: Neue Ausgabe sämtlicher Werke (NSA): Kassel,

Bärenreiter Bärenreiter (Bärenreiter-Verlag) is a German classical music publishing house based in Kassel. The firm was founded by Karl Vötterle (1903–1975) in Augsburg in 1923, and moved to Kassel in 1927, where it still has its headquarters; it al ...

: **

Walburga Litschauer Walburga Litschauer (born 15 October 1954) is an Austrian musicologist and Franz Schubert scholar. Life Born in Klagenfurt, Carinthia, Litschauer studied music and theatre studies at the University of Vienna and completed piano training at th ...

(ed.
''Series VII: Piano Music, Part 2: Works for Piano Two Hands'' — Volume 1: Klaviersonaten I''
(2000). ISMN 9790006497119 **David Goldberger (ed.
''Series VII: Piano Music, Part 2: Works for Piano Two Hands'' — Volume 4: Klavierstücke I''
(1988). ISMN 9790006472208 ** Otto Erich Deutsch.
''Series VIII: Supplement'' — Volume 4: Franz Schubert, thematisches Verzeichnis seiner Werke in chronologischer Folge
(1978)
pp 171-173 (D. 277A — D. 279)p 205 (D. 346)
ISMN 9790006305148 — * Michael Louis Benson.
A Comparative Study on the Published Completions of the Unfinished Movements in Franz Schubert's Sonata in C Major, D. 840 ("Reliquie").
'

ProQuest ProQuest LLC is an Ann Arbor, Michigan-based global information-content and technology company, founded in 1938 as University Microfilms by Eugene B. Power. ProQuest is known for its applications and information services for libraries, provid ...

(2008).

External links

VII,2/1: Klaviersonaten I
an
VII,2/4: Klavierstücke I
at the

Neue Schubert-Ausgabe Franz Schubert (1797–1828): New Edition of the Complete Works (), commonly known as the New Schubert Edition (NSE), or, in german: Neue Schubert-Ausgabe (NSA), is a complete edition of Franz Schubert's works, which started in 1956 and is schedu ...

website {{Portal bar, Classical music Piano sonatas by Franz Schubert Compositions in C major