Philip of Hesse-Darmstadt (20 July 1671 in Darmstadt – 11 August 1736 in

Vienna en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST ...

) was a Prince of Hesse-Darmstadt, Imperial Field marshal and Governor of

Mantua Mantua ( ; it, Mantova ; Lombard and la, Mantua) is a city and '' comune'' in Lombardy, Italy, and capital of the province of the same name. In 2016, Mantua was designated as the Italian Capital of Culture. In 2017, it was named as the Eur ...

Life

Philip was a younger son of

Louis VI, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt Louis VI of Hesse-Darmstadt (german: Ludwig) (25 January 1630 – 24 April 1678) was Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt from 1661 to 1678. He was the eldest of three sons of the Landgrave George II of Hesse-Darmstadt and Sophia Eleonore of Saxony. M ...

(1630–1678) and his second wife Princess Elisabeth Dorothea of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (1640–1709), daughter of Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha and

Princess Elisabeth Sophie of Saxe-Altenburg Elisabeth Sophie of Saxe-Altenburg (10 October 1619 – 20 December 1680), was a princess of Saxe-Altenburg and, by marriage, duchess of Saxe-Gotha. She was born in Halle, the only daughter of Johann Philipp, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg, and hi ...

. Philip fought for the Habsburgs in the

Spanish War of Succession Spanish might refer to: * Items from or related to Spain: **Spaniards are a nation and ethnic group indigenous to Spain **Spanish language, spoken in Spain and many Latin American countries **Spanish cuisine Other places * Spanish, Ontario, Can ...

and became in 1708 Field Marshal and Supreme Commander of the Imperial troops in newly conquered

Naples Naples (; it, Napoli ; nap, Napule ), from grc, Νεάπολις, Neápolis, lit=new city. is the regional capital of Campania and the third-largest city of Italy, after Rome and Milan, with a population of 909,048 within the city's adminis ...

. After the war in 1714, under influence of Prince

Eugene of Savoy Prince Eugene Francis of Savoy–Carignano, (18 October 1663 – 21 April 1736) better known as Prince Eugene, was a field marshal in the army of the Holy Roman Empire and of the Austrian Habsburg dynasty during the 17th and 18th centuries. He ...

, he became governor of the former Duchy of Mantua until his death. Philip was a great lover of music. When he commanded the Austrian Army in Naples, he was patron of

Nicola Porpora Nicola (or Niccolò) Antonio Porpora (17 August 16863 March 1768) was an Italian composer and teacher of singing of the Baroque music, Baroque era, whose most famous singing students were the castrati Farinelli and Caffarelli (castrato), Caffarel ...

, and when he was governor of Mantua, he made Antonio Vivaldi ''Maestro di Cappella'' of his court.Talbot, Michael. "Vivaldi, Antonio." Grove Music Online. Oxford Music Online. Oxford University Press, accessed December 15, 2015, , http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/subscriber/article/grove/music/40120 Vivaldi wrote the opera

Tito Manlio Tito Manlio (; RV 738) is an opera in three acts by Antonio Vivaldi, to a libretto by Matteo Noris. It was written in celebration of the marriage of Philip of Hesse-Darmstadt (1671–1736),Eric Cross. "Tito Manlio." The New Grove Dictionary of ...

in Philip's honor.Eric Cross. "Tito Manlio." The New Grove Dictionary of Opera. Grove Music Online. Oxford Music Online. Oxford University Press, , accessed December 28, 2015, http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/subscriber/article/grove/music/O009614.

Marriage and issue

On 24 March 1693, in Brussels, Philip married Princess Marie Ernestine of Croy-Havré (1673–1714), daughter of Duke Ferdinand Joseph of Croy-Havré (1644-1694) and his wife, Countess Marie Joséphine Barbe van Halewijn de Hames (d. 1713). For this marriage, he converted to Catholicism, despite heavy protest of his mother.
They had 5 children : *

Joseph Joseph is a common male given name, derived from the Hebrew Yosef (יוֹסֵף). "Joseph" is used, along with "Josef", mostly in English, French and partially German languages. This spelling is also found as a variant in the languages of the mo ...

(1699−1768),

Prince-Bishop of Augsburg The Prince-Bishopric of Augsburg (german: Fürstbistum Augsburg; Hochstift Augsburg) was one of the prince-bishoprics of the Holy Roman Empire, and belonged to the Swabian Circle. It should not be confused with the larger diocese of Augsburg, ...

* Wilhelm Ludwig (1704, died young) *

Theodora Theodora is a given name of Greek origin, meaning "God's gift". Theodora may also refer to: Historical figures known as Theodora Byzantine empresses * Theodora (wife of Justinian I) ( 500 – 548), saint by the Orthodox Church * Theodora o ...

(6 February 1706 – 23 January 1784), married in 1727

Duke Duke is a male title either of a monarch ruling over a duchy, or of a member of royalty, or nobility. As rulers, dukes are ranked below emperors, kings, grand princes, grand dukes, and sovereign princes. As royalty or nobility, they are rank ...

Antonio Ferrante Gonzaga Antonio Ferrante Gonzaga (9 December 1687 – 16 April 1729) was the reigning Duke of Guastalla and a member of the House of Gonzaga. Early life He was the son of Vincenzo Gonzaga, Duke of Guastalla and his second wife, who was also his cousin ...

Guastalla Guastalla ( Guastallese: ) is a town and ''comune'' in the province of Reggio Emilia in Emilia-Romagna, Italy. Geography Guastalla is situated in the Po Valley, and lies on the banks of the Po River. Guastalla is located at around from the citie ...

(1687–1729), no issue. * Leopold (1708–1764), Imperial Field marshal, married in 1740

Princess Princess is a regal rank and the feminine equivalent of prince (from Latin '' princeps'', meaning principal citizen). Most often, the term has been used for the consort of a prince, or for the daughter of a king or prince. Princess as a subs ...

Enrichetta d'Este of Modena (1702–1777) *Charles (1710)

Literature

Andreas Räss: ''Die Convertiten seit der Reformation'' S. 467 ff.
*Alfred Arneth: ''Prinz Eugen von Savoyen'', Wien, 1864 *Alessandro Cont, ''La Chiesa dei principi. Le relazioni tra ''Reichskirche'', dinastie sovrane tedesche e stati italiani (1688-1763)'', preface of Elisabeth Garms-Cornides, Trento, Provincia autonoma di Trento, 2018, pp. 159–165, https://www.academia.edu/38170694/La_Chiesa_dei_principi._Le_relazioni_tra_Reichskirche_dinastie_sovrane_tedesche_e_stati_italiani_1688-1763_prefazione_di_Elisabeth_Garms-Cornides_Trento_Provincia_autonoma_di_Trento_2018

References

External links

*http://www.geneall.net/D/per_page.php?id=4495 House of Hesse 1671 births 1736 deaths Military personnel from Darmstadt House of Hesse-Darmstadt Field marshals of Austria Austrian army commanders in the War of the Spanish Succession Generals of the Holy Roman Empire Nobility from Darmstadt {{germany-royal-stub