Peter Edelman
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Peter Benjamin Edelman (born January 9, 1938) is an American lawyer, policy-maker, and law professor at
Georgetown University Law Center The Georgetown University Law Center (Georgetown Law) is the law school of Georgetown University, a private research university in Washington, D.C. It was established in 1870 and is the largest law school in the United States by enrollment and ...
, specializing in the fields of poverty, welfare, juvenile justice, and constitutional law. He worked as an aide for Senator
Robert F. Kennedy Robert Francis Kennedy (November 20, 1925June 6, 1968), also known by his initials RFK and by the nickname Bobby, was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 64th United States Attorney General from January 1961 to September 1964, a ...
and in the
Clinton Administration Bill Clinton's tenure as the 42nd president of the United States began with his first inauguration on January 20, 1993, and ended on January 20, 2001. Clinton, a Democrat from Arkansas, took office following a decisive election victory over Re ...
, where he resigned to protest
Bill Clinton William Jefferson Clinton ( né Blythe III; born August 19, 1946) is an American politician who served as the 42nd president of the United States from 1993 to 2001. He previously served as governor of Arkansas from 1979 to 1981 and agai ...
's signing the welfare reform legislation. Edelman was one of the founders and president of the board of the
New Israel Fund The New Israel Fund (NIF) is a United States-based non-profit NGO established in 1979. It describes its objective as social justice and equality for all Israelis. The New Israel Fund says it has provided $300 million to over 900 Israeli civil so ...
.


Early life and education

Edelman grew up in a
Jewish Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The ...
family in
Minneapolis Minneapolis () is the largest city in Minnesota, United States, and the county seat of Hennepin County. The city is abundant in water, with thirteen lakes, wetlands, the Mississippi River, creeks and waterfalls. Minneapolis has its origins ...
, Minnesota, the son of Hyman and Miriam Edelman. His father worked as a lawyer and his mother worked as a homemaker. His grandfather Eliezer Edelman was a rabbi in Poland; Eliezer and his wife were shot and killed by the Nazis during
World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
. Edelman received his
A.B. Bachelor of arts (BA or AB; from the Latin ', ', or ') is a bachelor's degree awarded for an undergraduate program in the arts, or, in some cases, other disciplines. A Bachelor of Arts degree course is generally completed in three or four years ...
in 1958 from
Harvard College Harvard College is the undergraduate college of Harvard University, an Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Founded in 1636, Harvard College is the original school of Harvard University, the oldest institution of higher lea ...
and
LL.B. Bachelor of Laws ( la, Legum Baccalaureus; LL.B.) is an undergraduate law degree in the United Kingdom and most common law jurisdictions. Bachelor of Laws is also the name of the law degree awarded by universities in the People's Republic of Chi ...
degree from
Harvard Law School Harvard Law School (Harvard Law or HLS) is the law school of Harvard University, a private research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Founded in 1817, it is the oldest continuously operating law school in the United States. Each class ...
. He served as a
law clerk A law clerk or a judicial clerk is a person, generally someone who provides direct counsel and assistance to a lawyer or judge by researching issues and drafting legal opinions for cases before the court. Judicial clerks often play significant ...
to Judge
Henry Friendly Henry Jacob Friendly (July 3, 1903 – March 11, 1986) was an American lawyer and jurist who served as a circuit judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit from 1959 until his death in 1986. Friendly was one of the most p ...
of the
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit The United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit (in case citations, 2d Cir.) is one of the thirteen United States Courts of Appeals. Its territory comprises the states of Connecticut, New York (state), New York and Vermont. The court h ...
and then for U.S.Supreme Court Justice
Arthur Goldberg Arthur Joseph Goldberg (August 8, 1908January 19, 1990) was an American statesman and jurist who served as the 9th U.S. Secretary of Labor, an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, and the 6th United States Ambassador to ...
.


Career

Edelman worked in the
United States Department of Justice The United States Department of Justice (DOJ), also known as the Justice Department, is a federal executive department of the United States government tasked with the enforcement of federal law and administration of justice in the United State ...
as special assistant to assistant attorney general
John W. Douglas John Woolman Douglas (August 15, 1921 – June 2, 2010) was an American attorney and civil rights advocate, who pushed the cause in private practice and during the 1960s as a United States Assistant Attorney General. Early life Douglas was bo ...
. Edelman worked as a legislative assistant to Senator
Robert F. Kennedy Robert Francis Kennedy (November 20, 1925June 6, 1968), also known by his initials RFK and by the nickname Bobby, was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 64th United States Attorney General from January 1961 to September 1964, a ...
, from 1964 to 1968, accompanying Kennedy to his meeting with labor leader
Cesar Chavez Cesar Chavez (born Cesario Estrada Chavez ; ; March 31, 1927 – April 23, 1993) was an American labor leader and civil rights activist. Along with Dolores Huerta, he co-founded the National Farm Workers Association (NFWA), which later merged ...
. Edelman also met his wife while touring impoverished areas of Mississippi with Kennedy to prepare for reauthorization of the
Economic Opportunity Act of 1964 The Economic Opportunity Act of 1964 () authorized the formation of local Community Action Agencies as part of the War on Poverty. These agencies are directly regulated by the federal government. "It is the purpose of The Economic Opportunity Ac ...
. Following Kennedy's assassination, Edelman spent brief periods working as deputy director for
Robert F. Kennedy Human Rights Robert F. Kennedy Human Rights (formerly the Robert F. Kennedy Center for Justice and Human Rights, or RFK Center) is an American 501(c)(3) organization, 501(c)(3) nonprofit human rights advocacy organization. It was named after U.S. Senate, Uni ...
, issues director for
Arthur Goldberg Arthur Joseph Goldberg (August 8, 1908January 19, 1990) was an American statesman and jurist who served as the 9th U.S. Secretary of Labor, an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, and the 6th United States Ambassador to ...
's New York gubernatorial campaign, and vice president of the
University of Massachusetts The University of Massachusetts is the five-campus public university system and the only public research system in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The university system includes five campuses (Amherst, Boston, Dartmouth, Lowell, and a medica ...
from 1972 to 1975. Edelman became director of the New York state Division for Youth, in 1975, joined
Foley & Lardner Foley & Lardner LLP (often referred to simply as "Foley") is an international law firm founded in 1842. In terms of revenue, it ranked 48th on The American Lawyer's 2022 AmLaw 100 rankings of U.S. law firms, with over $1 billion in gross revenue i ...
as partner in 1979, and served as issues director for Senator
Edward Kennedy Edward Moore Kennedy (February 22, 1932 – August 25, 2009) was an American lawyer and politician who served as a United States senator from Massachusetts for almost 47 years, from 1962 until his death in 2009. A member of the Democratic ...
's presidential campaign in 1980. In 1981, he helped found Parents United in the
District of Columbia ) , image_skyline = , image_caption = Clockwise from top left: the Washington Monument and Lincoln Memorial on the National Mall, United States Capitol, Logan Circle, Jefferson Memorial, White House, Adams Morgan, ...
to empower parents to advocate for educational quality in DC's public schools. Edelman has taught at Georgetown since 1982.


Clinton administration

Edelman took a leave of absence during Clinton's first term, to serve as counselor to HHS Secretary
Donna Shalala Donna Edna Shalala ( ; born February 14, 1941) is an American politician and academic who served in the Carter and Clinton administrations, as well as in the U.S. House of Representatives from 2019 to 2021. Shalala is a recipient of the Presid ...
and then as
Assistant Secretary of Health and Human Services for Planning and Evaluation The Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation (ASPE) is the principal advisory group to the United States Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) on policy development and provides coordination and supp ...
. In late 1994, Clinton considered nominating Edelman to a seat on the
United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit The United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (in case citations, D.C. Cir.) is one of the thirteen United States Courts of Appeals. It has the smallest geographical jurisdiction of any of the U.S. federal appellate cou ...
that had become vacant with the decision by
Abner Mikva Abner Joseph Mikva (January 21, 1926 – July 4, 2016) was an American politician, federal judge, lawyer and law professor. He was a member of the Democratic Party. Mikva served in the United States House of Representatives representing Illinois' ...
to retire from the bench on September 19, 1994, to become White House counsel. However, Clinton feared a difficult confirmation battle, later successfully nominating
Merrick Garland Merrick Brian Garland (born November 13, 1952) is an American lawyer and jurist serving since March 2021 as the 86th United States attorney general. He previously served as a U.S. circuit judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of ...
to the seat. In 1995, Clinton mulled nominating Edelman to the federal district court in
Washington D.C. ) , image_skyline = , image_caption = Clockwise from top left: the Washington Monument and Lincoln Memorial on the National Mall, United States Capitol, Logan Circle, Jefferson Memorial, White House, Adams Morgan, Na ...
, but in August 1995, abandoned that possibility as well.Neil A. Lewis
Clinton, Fearing Fight, Shuns Bid to Name Friend as Judge
''
The New York Times ''The New York Times'' (''the Times'', ''NYT'', or the Gray Lady) is a daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership reported in 2020 to comprise a declining 840,000 paid print subscribers, and a growing 6 million paid ...
'', (September 1, 1995).
In September 1996, Edelman resigned from the
Clinton administration Bill Clinton's tenure as the 42nd president of the United States began with his first inauguration on January 20, 1993, and ended on January 20, 2001. Clinton, a Democrat from Arkansas, took office following a decisive election victory over Re ...
in protest of Clinton signing the
Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 (PRWORA) is a United States federal law passed by the 104th United States Congress and signed into law by President Bill Clinton. The bill implemented major changes to ...
. According to Edelman, the 1996 welfare reform law destroyed the safety net.


Later career

Edelman has served as an associate dean of the
Georgetown University Law Center The Georgetown University Law Center (Georgetown Law) is the law school of Georgetown University, a private research university in Washington, D.C. It was established in 1870 and is the largest law school in the United States by enrollment and ...
, the president of the board of
New Israel Fund The New Israel Fund (NIF) is a United States-based non-profit NGO established in 1979. It describes its objective as social justice and equality for all Israelis. The New Israel Fund says it has provided $300 million to over 900 Israeli civil so ...
, from June 2005 to June 2008. Edelman served on the board of the
Center for Community Change Community Change, formerly the Center for Community Change (CCC), is a progressive community organizing group active in the United States. It was founded in 1968 in response to civil rights concerns of the 1960s and to honor Robert F. Kennedy. Th ...
, the
Public Welfare Foundation The Public Welfare Foundation distributes grants to organizations it believes it can contribute to reform. It has distributed more than $540 million in aid to 4,700 organizations. In 2013, it had total assets of $488.2 million and total giving of ...
,
Americans for Peace Now Americans for Peace Now (APN) is a nonprofit organization based in the United States whose stated aim is to help achieve a comprehensive political resolution of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. Founded in 1981 as the sister organization to ...
, the
Center for Law and Social Policy The Center for Law and Social Policy (CLASP) is an American organization, based in Washington, D.C., that advocates for policies aimed at improving the lives of low-income people. History The Center for Law and Social Policy was founded ...
and the
American Constitution Society The American Constitution Society (ACS) is a progressive legal organization. ACS was created as a counterweight to, and is modeled after, the Federalist Society, and is often described as its progressive counterpart. Founded in 2001 following t ...
, among others. In 1990, Edelman was elected to the
Common Cause Common Cause is a watchdog group based in Washington, D.C., with chapters in 35 states. It was founded in 1970 by John W. Gardner, a Republican, who was the former Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare in the administration of President L ...
National Governing Board. He currently serves as chair of the seventeen-member Access to Justice Commission for the District of Columbia, a panel studying ways to provide access to civil legal representation for those who cannot afford it.Poverty in America: Why Can't We End It?
By PETER EDELMAN, New York Times, July 28, 2012


Personal life

Edelman is married to
Marian Wright Edelman Marian Wright Edelman (born June 6, 1939) is an American activist for civil rights and children's rights. She is the founder and president emerita of the Children's Defense Fund. She influenced leaders such as Martin Luther King Jr. and Hillary ...
, founder of the
Children's Defense Fund The Children's Defense Fund (CDF) is an American 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization based in Washington, D.C., that focuses on child advocacy and research. It was founded in 1973 by Marian Wright Edelman. History The CDF was founded in 1973, citi ...
and the first black woman admitted to the bar in Mississippi. They have three sons: Joshua,
Jonah Jonah or Jonas, ''Yōnā'', "dove"; gr, Ἰωνᾶς ''Iōnâs''; ar, يونس ' or '; Latin: ''Ionas'' son of Amittai, is a prophet in the Hebrew Bible and the Quran, from Gath-hepher of the northern kingdom of Israel in about the 8th cent ...
and
Ezra Ezra (; he, עֶזְרָא, '; fl. 480–440 BCE), also called Ezra the Scribe (, ') and Ezra the Priest in the Book of Ezra, was a Jewish scribe (''sofer'') and priest (''kohen''). In Greco-Latin Ezra is called Esdras ( grc-gre, Ἔσδρας ...
.


Honors

*Former United States–Japan Leadership Program Fellow *Former J. Skelly Wright Memorial Fellow at Yale Law School


Selected bibliography


Books

* ''Not a Crime to Be Poor: The Criminalization of Poverty in America'' (The New Press, 2017). * ''So Rich, So Poor: Why It's So Hard to End Poverty in America'' (The New Press, 2012). *''Reconnecting Disadvantaged Young Men''. With Harry JHolzer and
Paul Offner Paul Offner (August 7, 1942April 20, 2004) was an American economist, educator, public health expert, and Democratic politician. Biography Born in Bennington, Vermont, Offner was raised in Italy. Offner graduated from Amherst College in 1964. He ...
. (Washington, D.C.: Urban Institute Press, 2006). *Contributor, ''Community Programs to Promote Youth Development'' (Jacqueline Eccles & Jennifer Appleton Gootman eds., Natl Acad. Press 2002). *''The Future of Social Insurance: Incremental Action or Fundamental Reform?'' (Peter B. Edelman et al. eds., Nat'l Acad. Soc. Ins. 2002). *''Searching for America's Heart: RFK and the Renewal of Hope'' (Houghton Mifflin Co. 2001, Georgetown University Press 2003). *''Adolescence and Poverty: Challenge for the 1990s'' (Peter B. Edelman & Joyce Ladner eds., Center for National Policy Press 1991). *And Beryl A. Radin, ''Serving Children and Families Effectively: How the Past Can Help the Future'' (Education and Human Services Consortium 1991). *''A New Social Contract: Rethinking the Nature and Purpose of Public Assistance'', Report of the Task Force on Poverty and Welfare, State of New York (Peter B. Edelman contr., State of New York 1986).


Book chapters

*"American Government and the Politics of Youth," in ''A Century of Juvenile Justice'', (Ed.s Margaret K. Rosenheim, Franklin E. Zimring, David S. Tanenhaus, and Bernardine Dohrn, 310–38. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2002). *And Beryl A. Radin, "Effective Services for Children and Families: Lessons From the Past and Strategies for the Future," in ''Effective Services for Young Children: Report of a Workshop'' 48 (Lisbeth B. Schorr et al. eds., National Academy Press 1991). *Response to Elliot Currie, "Crime and Drugs: Reclaiming a Liberal Issue," in ''Franklin D. Roosevelt and the Future of Liberalism'' 89 (John F. Sears ed., Meckler 1991). *"Urban Poverty: Where Do We Go From Here?" in ''The Future of National Urban Policy'' 89 (Marshall Kaplan & Franklin James eds., Duke University Press 1990). *"Creating Jobs for Americans: From MDTA to Industrial Policy," in ''The Great Society and Its Legacy: Twenty Years of U.S. Social Policy'' 91 (Marshall Kaplan & Peggy L. Cuciti eds., Duke University Press 1986). *And Myrtis H. Powell, "Smoothing the Path From School to Work: A Promising Venture in Structural Change," in ''The State Role in Promoting Youth Employment'' 1 (Southern Education Foundation 1986). *"What Shall We Do About America's Poor Now ?" in 3 ''Money'' (Eleanor Goldstein ed., Social Issues Resources Series 1986). *"Institutionalizing Dispute Resolution Alternatives," in ''Dispute Resolution'' 505 (Stephen B. Goldberg et al. eds., Little, Brown & Co. 1985). *"Re-Visioning Public Responsibility," in ''Beyond Reagan: Alternatives for the '80s'' 132 (Alan Gartner et al. eds., Harper & Row 1984). *"Work and Welfare: An Alternative Perspective on Entitlements," in ''Budget and Policy Choices 1983: Taxes, Defense, Entitlements'' 51 (W. Bowman Cutter, III et al. eds, Center for National Policy 1983).


Journal articles

*"Where Is FDR When We Need Him?", 93 ''Georgetown Law Journal'' 1681 (2005). *"Where Race Meets Class: The 21st Century Civil Rights Agenda", 12 ''Georgetown Journal on Poverty Law & Policy'' 1 (2005). *"Welfare and the Politics of Race: Same Tune, New Lyrics", 11 ''Georgetown Journal on Poverty Law & Policy'' 389 (2004). *"The Welfare Debate: Getting Past the Bumper Stickers", 27 ''Harvard Journal of Public Policy'' 93 (2003). *"Beyond Welfare Reform: Economic Justice in the 21st Century", 24 ''Berkeley Journal of Employment and Labor Law'' 475 (2003). *"Remarks, D.C. Consortium of Legal Service Providers: Legal Services 2000 Symposium", 5 ''University of the District of Columbia Law Review'' 257 (2002). *"Succeeding in Uncertain Times: Challenges for Distressed Communities", Keynote address, Reshaping the Fundamentals: Strengthening Community Economies in Turbulent Times, Michigan State University Community and Economic Development Program, East Lansing, MI (July 22, 2002). *"Welfare Reform: Where Have We Been, Where Are We Going?" Speech, action/research conference sponsored by the Bryn Mawr College Center for Ethnicities, Communities and Social Policy and the Graduate School of Social Work and Social Research, Bryn Mawr, PA, March 1, 2002. *"TANF Reauthorization: Is Congress Acting on What We Have Learned?", 1 ''Seattle J. For Soc. Just.'' 403 (2002). *"Forgotten Stories About Forgotten People", 55 ''Nieman Reports'' 29 (2001). *Review of ''The Gentleman from Georgia: The Biography of Newt Gingrich'', by Mel Steely, 20 ''Journal of Policy Analysis and Management'' 568 (2001). *"Poverty and Welfare Policy in the Post Clinton Era", 70 ''Mississippi Law Journal'' 877 (2001). *Et al., "A Conservation on Federalism and the States: The Balancing Act of Devolution", 64 ''Alb. L. Rev.'' 1091 (2001). *"Poverty & Welfare: Does Compassionate Conservatism Have a Heart?", 64 ''Alb. L. Rev.'' 1073 (2001). *"Promoting Family by Promoting Work: the Hole in Martha Fineman's Doughnut", 8 ''Am. U. J. Gender, Soc. Pol'y, & L.'' 85 (1999). *Panel Discussion: "Arthur J. Goldberg's Legacies to American Labor Relations", 32 ''J. Marshall L. Rev.'' 667 (1999). *Et al., "A Family Commitment to Families and Children", 37 ''Fam. & Conciliation Cts. Rev.'' 8 (1999). *"The Impact of Welfare Reform on Children: Can We Get It Right Before the Crunch Comes?", 60 ''Ohio St. L.J.'' 1493 (1999). *"So-Called 'Welfare Reform': Let's Talk About What's Really Needed to Get People Jobs", 17 ''L. & Inequality'' 217 (1999). *"Welfare and the 'Third Way'", ''Dissent'' 14 (Winter 1999). *"Responding to the Wake-Up Call: A New Agenda for Poverty Lawyer", 24 ''New York University Review of Law & Social Change'' 547 (1998). *"Opening Address", Symposium: Lawyering for Poor Communities in the Twenty-First Century, 25 ''Fordham Urb. L.J.'' 685 (1998). *"Introduction", Fiftieth Anniversary Volume: Welfare Reform Symposium, 50 ''Admin. L. Rev.'' 579 (1998). *"The Role of Government in the Prevention of Violence", 35 ''Hous. L. Rev.'' 7 (1998). *"The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child: Implications For Welfare Reform in the United States", 5 ''Geo. J. on Fighting Poverty'' 285 (1998). *"The Worst Thing Bill Clinton Has Done", ''
The Atlantic ''The Atlantic'' is an American magazine and multi-platform publisher. It features articles in the fields of politics, foreign affairs, business and the economy, culture and the arts, technology, and science. It was founded in 1857 in Boston, ...
'' 43 (1997). *"Toward a Comprehensive Antipoverty Strategy: Getting Beyond the Silver Bullet", 81 ''Geo. L.J.'' 1697 (1993). *"Mandated Minimum Income, Judge Posner, and the Destruction of the Rule", 55 ''Alb. L. Rev.'' 633 (1992). *"Justice Scalia's Jurisprudence and the Good Society: Shades of Felix Frankfurter and the Harvard Hit Parade of the 1950s", 12 ''Cardozo L. Rev.'' 1799 (1991). *"Free Press v. Privacy: Haunted by the Ghost of Justice Black", 68 ''Tex. L. Rev.'' 1195 (1990). *"Japanese Product Standards as Non-Tariff Trade Barriers: When Regulatory Policy Becomes a Trade Issue", 24 ''Stan. J. Int'l L.'' 389 (1988). *"Corporate Criminal Liability for Homicide: The Need to Punish Both the Corporate Entity and Its Officers", 92 ''Dickinson L. Rev.'' 193(1987). *"The Next Century of Our Constitution: Rethinking Our Duty to the Poor", 39 ''Hastings L.J.'' 1 (1987). *"Listen Democrats! Memorandum to the Candidate: How You Can Get Beyond the Old Liberalism Without Becoming a 'Neo'", 2 ''Tikkun'' 29 (1986). *"Institutionalizing Dispute Resolution Alternatives", 9 ''Just. Sys. J.'' 134 (1984).


See also

*
Bill Clinton judicial appointment controversies During President Bill Clinton's first and second terms of office, he nominated 24 people for 20 federal appellate judgeships but the nominees were not processed by the Republican-controlled Senate Judiciary Committee. Three of the nominees who wer ...
*
List of law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States (Seat 2) Law clerks have assisted the justices of the United States Supreme Court in various capacities since the first one was hired by Justice Horace Gray in 1882. Each justice is permitted to have between three and four law clerks per Court term. Mos ...


References


External links


Human Rights Hero: Peter B. Edelman, ''ABA Human Rights Magazine''

Legends in the Law: A Conversation With Peter B. Edelman, ''Washington Lawyer'', May 2008

Peter B. Edelman, Georgetown Law School

Welfare and the Politics of Poverty
Peter Edelman discusses Bill Clinton's welfare reform at the 20 year anniversary * {{DEFAULTSORT:Edelman, Peter 1938 births Living people Lawyers from Minneapolis Writers from Minneapolis American legal scholars Minnesota lawyers American legal writers Harvard Law School alumni Law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States Georgetown University Law Center faculty Clinton administration personnel American people of Polish-Jewish descent Jewish American attorneys Jewish American academics Harvard College alumni