Personality disorder not otherwise specified (PD-NOS) is a subclinical diagnostic classification for some

DSM-IV The ''Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders'' (DSM; latest edition: DSM-5-TR, published in March 2022) is a publication by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) for the classification of mental disorders using a common langu ...

Axis II

personality disorder Personality disorders (PD) are a class of mental disorders characterized by enduring maladaptive patterns of behavior, cognition, and inner experience, exhibited across many contexts and deviating from those accepted by the individual's culture ...

s not listed in DSM-IV. The

DSM-5 The ''Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition'' (DSM-5), is the 2013 update to the '' Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders'', the taxonomic and diagnostic tool published by the American Psychiatri ...

does not have a direct equivalent to PD-NOS. However, the DSM-5 other specified personality disorder and unspecified personality disorder are substantially comparable to PD-NOS. Additionally, the DSM-5 introduced the diagnosis Personality disorder - trait specified (PD-TS) as an alternative to allow the clinician to define the presentation in detail in terms of "impairment of personality functioning" and "pathological personality traits".

Diagnostic criteria

In all cases of non-specific diagnoses it is a requirement that the person meet the general criteria for personality disorders.

DSM-IV-TR

This diagnosis may be given when no other personality disorder defined in the DSM fits the patient's symptoms. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fourth edition Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR)

American Psychiatric Association The American Psychiatric Association (APA) is the main professional organization of psychiatrists and trainee psychiatrists in the United States, and the largest psychiatric organization in the world. It has more than 37,000 members are involv ...

(2000) Four personality disorders were excluded from the main body of the

DSM-IV-TR The ''Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders'' (DSM; latest edition: DSM-5-TR, published in March 2022) is a publication by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) for the classification of mental disorders using a common langua ...

but this diagnosis may be used instead. The four excluded personality disorders are: *

Sadistic personality disorder Sadistic personality disorder was a personality disorder defined by a pervasive pattern of sadistic and cruel behavior. People with this disorder were thought to have desired to control others. It was believed they accomplish this through the us ...

* Self-defeating personality disorder * Depressive personality disorder * Passive–aggressive personality disorder

DSM-5

The DSM-5 split PD-NOS into two diagnoses,''Other Specified Personality Disorder'' and ''Unspecified Personality Disorder'', that share the general criteria for personality disorders but allows the clinician to decide whether they want to specify the reason why the presentation does not meet the criteria for any specific personality disorder (e.g. mixed personality features).

ICD-10

The

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's ICD-10 defines two conceptually similar diagnoses: * ''Other specific personality disorder'' () for personality disorders that don't have a separate code. This diagnosis allows the following type specifiers: "eccentric", "haltlose", "immature", "narcissistic", "passive-aggressive", and "psychoneurotic". * ''Personality disorder, unspecified'' () for general personality disorder diagnoses.

ICD-11

ICD-11 The ICD-11 is the eleventh revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). It replaces the ICD-10 as the global standard for recording health information and causes of death. The ICD is developed and annually updated by the World H ...

uses general diagnoses with specifiers to fully describe a condition. The closest diagnosis to PD-NOS would be ''Personality disorder, severity unspecified'' ().

Epidemiology

A 2004 meta-analysis estimated the prevalence of PD-NOS in patient samples between 8-13%. In structured interview studies it is the third most common diagnosis given, in unstructured studies it is the single most frequent diagnosis. Half the studies did not give further definition for the diagnosis, and those that did used "mixed" most often. In another study out of 1760 psychotherapy referrals 21.6% was diagnosed exclusively with PD-NOS. In terms of severity patients with PD-NOS fall between a formal personality disorder diagnosis and no personality disorder. Patients who received PD-NOS as an additional diagnosis to their formal personality disorder diagnosis had the most severe problems.

Notes

References

External links

{{ICD-10 personality disorders Personality disorders