Pentadecylic acid, also known as pentadecanoic acid or C15:0 is an odd-chain
saturated fatty acid
A saturated fat is a type of fat in which the fatty acid chains have all single bonds. A fat known as a glyceride is made of two kinds of smaller molecules: a short glycerol backbone and fatty acids that each contain a long linear or branched c ...
. It is a colorless solid.
A laboratory preparation involves
permanganate
A permanganate () is a chemical compound containing the manganate(VII) ion, , the conjugate base of permanganic acid. Because the manganese atom is in the +7 oxidation state, the permanganate(VII) ion is a strong oxidizing agent. The ion is a tr ...
oxidation of
1-hexadecene (CH
3(CH
2)
13CH=CH
2).
Pentadecylic acid is found primarily in dairy fat, as well as in ruminant meat and some types of fish and plants.
Its molecular formula is CH
3(CH
2)
13CO
2H. It is one of the most common
odd-chain fatty acid
Odd-chain fatty acids are those fatty acids that contain an odd number of carbon atoms. In addition to being classified according to their saturation or unsaturation, fatty acids are also classified according to their odd or even numbers of consti ...
s, although it is rare in nature, comprising 1.2% of milk fat from cows. The
butterfat
Butterfat or milkfat is the fatty portion of milk. Milk and cream are often sold according to the amount of butterfat they contain.
Composition
Butterfat is mainly composed of triglycerides. Each triglyceride contains three fatty acids. But ...
in cows
milk
Milk is a white liquid food produced by the mammary glands of mammals. It is the primary source of nutrition for young mammals (including breastfed human infants) before they are able to digest solid food. Immune factors and immune-modula ...
is its major dietary source
and it is used as a marker for butterfat consumption. Pentadecylic acid also occurs in hydrogenated mutton fat. Higher circulating concentrations of C15:0 have been associated with a lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Higher C15:0 concentrations have also been linked to a lower risk of chronic inflammation, adiposity, metabolic syndrome, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Alzheimer's disease, and cancer.
C15:0 has been shown to repair mitochondrial function and activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha and delta.
In human cell systems and animal models, C15:0 has also been shown to decrease inflammation, and decrease the severity of anemia, dyslipidemia, and fibrosis.
C15:0 has been proposed as an essential fatty acid due to the following: 1) C15:0 is not readily made endogenously, 2) lower C15:0 dietary intake and blood concentrations are associated with higher mortality and a poorer physiological state, and 3) C15:0 has demonstrated activities and efficacy that parallel associated health benefits in humans.
See also
*
List of saturated fatty acids
See also
* List of unsaturated fatty acids
*Carboxylic acid
**List of carboxylic acids
*Dicarboxylic acid
{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Saturated Fatty Acids
Saturated Fatty Acids
A saturated fat is a type of fat in which the fatty acid chains ...
*
List of carboxylic acids
Carboxylic acids are organic acids characterized by a carboxyl (-COOH) functional group. The naming of these compounds is governed by IUPAC nomenclature, which ensures systematic and consistent naming of chemicals. Numerous organic compounds have o ...
*
Margaric acid
Margaric acid, or heptadecanoic acid, is a saturated fatty acid. Its molecular formula is CH3(CH2)15CO2H. Classified as an odd-chain fatty acid, it occurs as a trace component of the fat and milkfat of ruminants. Salts and esters of margaric acid ...
References
External links
Safety data
{{Fatty acids
Fatty acids
Alkanoic acids