The Peace Agreement of Hat Yai (1989) marked the end of the

Communist insurgency in Malaysia (1968–1989) The Communist insurgency in Malaysia, also known as the Second Malayan Emergency ( ms, Perang insurgensi melawan pengganas komunis or ), was an armed conflict which occurred in Malaysia from 1968 to 1989, between the Malayan Communist Party ( ...

. It was signed and ratified by the

Malayan Communist Party The Malayan Communist Party (MCP), officially the Communist Party of Malaya (CPM), was a Marxist–Leninist and anti-imperialist communist party which was active in British Malaya and later, the modern states of Malaysia and Singapore from ...

(MCP), and the

Malaysian Malaysian may refer to: * Something from or related to Malaysia, a country in Southeast Asia * Malaysian Malay, a dialect of Malay language spoken mainly in Malaysia * Malaysian people, people who are identified with the country of Malaysia regard ...

and

Thailand Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre of the Indochinese Peninsula, spanning , with a population of almost 70 million. The country is b ...

governments at the Lee Gardens Hotel in Hat Yai,

, on 2 December 1989.

Background

Losses in Peninsular Malaysia weakened the party's position and forced it to negotiate peace. The MCP realized that they no longer had a place to seek sanctuary, not even in Peninsular Malaysia. The deal was brokered by Thai authorities in collaboration with the Malaysian government. The peace agreement required the MCP to disband its armed units, cease militant activity, destroy its weapons and pledge loyalty to His Majesty the Yang di Pertuan Agong of Malaysia. After 40 years, 5 months and 26 days (since the start of the Malayan Emergency, from 16 June 1948 to 2 December 1989), the MCP insurgency had ended.

Signatories

The following delegates were present at the signing of the agreement in 1989:

Malaysian delegation

* Wan Sidek Wan Abdul Rahman (Ministry of Home Affairs Secretary General) * General Hashim Mohd Ali ( Malaysian Armed Forces Chief) *

Mohammed Hanif Omar Tun Mohammed Hanif bin Omar ( ms, محمد حنيف بن عمر, label= Jawi, script=arab, italic=unset; born 16 January 1939) is a retired Malaysian police officer who served as the 4th Inspector-General of Royal Malaysia Police from June 197 ...

(

Royal Malaysian Police The Royal Malaysia Police (often abbreviated RMP) ( ms, Polis Diraja Malaysia (PDRM)), is a (primarily) uniformed national and federal police force in Malaysia. The force is a centralised organisation. Its headquarters are located at Bukit Ama ...

Inspector General of Police An Inspector General of Police is a senior police officer in the police force or police service of several nations. The rank usually refers to the head of a large regional command within a police service, and in many countries refers to the most se ...

)

Thai delegation

* Anek Sithipresasana (Minister of Interior Permanent Secretary) * General

Chavalit Yongchaiyudh Chavalit Yongchaiyudh ( th, ชวลิต ยงใจยุทธ, , ; born 15 May 1932), also known as "Big Jiew" (, , ), is a Thai politician and retired army officer. From 1986 to 1990 he was the List of Commanders of the Royal Thai Army, ...

(

Internal Security Operations Command ('Conquer evil by the power of good') , logo = , logo_width = 150 , logo_caption = , seal = , seal_width = 200px , seal_caption = , picture = นายกรัฐมนตรี เป็น� ...

(ISOC) Deputy Director) * General Sawaeng Therasawat (

Royal Thai Police The Royal Thai Police (RTP) ( th, สำนักงานตำรวจแห่งชาติ; ) is the national police force of Thailand. The RTP employs between 210,700 and 230,000 officers, roughly 17 percent of all civil servants (excludi ...

Director General) * Lieutenant General Yoodhana Yamphundu (

Royal Thai Army The Royal Thai Army or RTA ( th, กองทัพบกไทย; ) is the army of Thailand and the oldest and largest branch of the Royal Thai Armed Forces. History Origin The Royal Thai Army is responsible for protecting the kingdom's ...

4th Army Area Commander)

Malayan Communist Party delegation

Chin Peng Chin Peng (21 October 1924 – 16 September 2013), born Ong Boon Hua, was a Malayan communist politician, anti-fascist activist and long-time leader of the Malayan Communist Party (MCP) and the Malayan National Liberation Army (MNLA). During ...

(MCP Secretary General) * Abdullah CD (MCP Chairman) *

Rashid Maidin Rashid Maidin (10 October 1917 – 1 September 2006), sometimes given as Rashid Mahideen, was a senior leader of the Communist Party of Malaya (CPM). Personal life He was born in Kampung Gunung Mesah, Gopeng, Perak; coincidentally on the same ...

(MCP Central Committee Member)

Aftermath

After the signing of the 1989 peace agreement, the Malayan Communist Party was dissolved. Former members of the MCP were resettled in four villages known as ''Kampung Aman'' (Peace Village). A total of 330 former MCP members were allowed to return to Malaysia. Those MCP members who settled in South Thailand became farmers, livestock breeders, and traders. They were able to adapt to the new environment and assimilate into the local community. Members of the Communist Party of Malaya (CPM-ML), a splinter group of the MCP, were resettled in a Friendship Village in

South Thailand Southern Thailand, Southern Siam or Tambralinga is a southernmost cultural region of Thailand, separated from Central Thailand region by the Kra Isthmus. Geography Southern Thailand is on the Malay Peninsula, with an area of around , boun ...

known as Chulaborn Village. CPM-ML members who wanted to return to Peninsular Malaysia were required to comply with several conditions set by the government of Malaysia before being able to settle in the state of their choice.

References

{{Authority control Communism in Malaysia 1989 in Malaysia 1989 in Thailand December 1989 events in Thailand