Parod ( he, פָּרוֹד) is a

kibbutz A kibbutz ( he, קִבּוּץ / , lit. "gathering, clustering"; plural: kibbutzim / ) is an intentional community in Israel that was traditionally based on agriculture. The first kibbutz, established in 1909, was Degania. Today, farming h ...

in northern

Israel Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...

. Located in the

Upper Galilee The Upper Galilee ( he, הגליל העליון, ''HaGalil Ha'Elyon''; ar, الجليل الأعلى, ''Al Jaleel Al A'alaa'') is a geographical-political term in use since the end of the Second Temple period. It originally referred to a mounta ...

near

Safed Safed (known in Hebrew as Tzfat; Sephardic Hebrew & Modern Hebrew: צְפַת ''Tsfat'', Ashkenazi Hebrew: ''Tzfas'', Biblical Hebrew: ''Ṣǝp̄aṯ''; ar, صفد, ''Ṣafad''), is a city in the Northern District of Israel. Located at an elev ...

, it falls under the jurisdiction of

Merom HaGalil Regional Council The Merom HaGalil Regional Council ( he, מועצה אזורית מרום הגליל, ''Mo'atza Azorit Merom HaGalil'') is a regional council in the northern Galilee of northern Israel. The regional council was established in 1950. The head of the ...

. In it had a population of .

History

The community was founded in 1949 by Jewish immigrants from

Hungary Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Cr ...

, on land previously belonging to the depopulated

Palestinian Palestinians ( ar, الفلسطينيون, ; he, פָלַסְטִינִים, ) or Palestinian people ( ar, الشعب الفلسطيني, label=none, ), also referred to as Palestinian Arabs ( ar, الفلسطينيين العرب, label=non ...

village of

Farradiyya Farradiyya ( ar, الفرّاضية, ''al-Farâdhiyyah'') was a Palestinian Arab village of 670 located southwest of Safad,Khalidi, 1992, p.449. A Jewish settlement called 'Farod' was built atop the once ruined village. Farradiyya was situated on ...

. The kibbutz was initially named "Gardosh" (from Hungarian "Gárdos") to honor József Gárdos, a

Hashomer Hatzair Hashomer Hatzair ( he, הַשׁוֹמֵר הַצָעִיר, , ''The Young Guard'') is a Labor Zionist, secular Jewish youth movement founded in 1913 in the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, Austria-Hungary, and it was also the name of the gro ...

activist and member of the founding nucleus, who was successful at organising the escape of fellow Jews from Nazi-controlled Europe throughout the war, survived

the Holocaust The Holocaust, also known as the Shoah, was the genocide of European Jews during World War II. Between 1941 and 1945, Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered some six million Jews across German-occupied Europ ...

but died of illness in 1945, soon after liberation. However, it was later renamed Parod after an ancient Jewish community mentioned once in the

Babylonian Talmud The Talmud (; he, , Talmūḏ) is the central text of Rabbinic Judaism and the primary source of Jewish religious law (''halakha'') and Jewish theology. Until the advent of modernity, in nearly all Jewish communities, the Talmud was the cent ...

, probably located at the site of Farradiyya. The name, which means "separated," might also hint at the community's location on the border between the Upper and Lower Galilee. Located to the west of Parod is the nearby, ancient hilltop ruin of

Bersabe Bersabe ();(), or Beer Sheba of the Galilee, was a Second Temple period Jewish village located near the town of Kefar Hananya which marked the boundary between the Upper Galilee and the Lower Galilee, as described by Josephus, with Upper Galile ...

(''Khirbet Abu esh-Shebaʿ''), a once thriving city (later turned fortress) during the late

Second Temple The Second Temple (, , ), later known as Herod's Temple, was the reconstructed Temple in Jerusalem between and 70 CE. It replaced Solomon's Temple, which had been built at the same location in the United Kingdom of Israel before being inherited ...

period.Oren Tal, "Fortifications of Josephus in Beersheba of the Galilee", pub. in: ''Jerusalem and the Land of Israel: Sefer Arieh Kindler'' (ed. Amar & Zohar), Museum Eretz Israel: Ramat Gan 2000, pp. 155–163 (Hebrew) To its immediate south is the hilltop ruin of

Kafr 'Inan Kafr ʿInān ( ar, كفر عنان), is a former Palestinian village, depopulated in the 1948 Arab–Israeli war. It was located around east of Acre. In ancient times, it was known as Kfar Hananiah, and was a large Jewish village and a signif ...

(Kefar Hanniah), a cite once inhabited since Mishnaic times.

Gallery

File:Ancient walled structure in Parod - Farradiyya.jpg, Remains of ancient Parod (Farradiyya) File:Broken wall at Parod - Farradiyya.jpg, Broken wall File:Ancient wall of Parod - Farradiyya.jpg, Ancient wall of Parod File:Old wall in Farradiyya - Parod.jpg, Old wall File:Village of Farradiyya.jpg, Farradiyya in Galilee File:Walled structure in Farradiyya - Parod.jpg, Ancient walled structure File:Parod - sign.jpg, Entrance to Parod

References

External links

Parod - 2009 (Israel Antiquities Authority)
Ein Parod Aqueduct {{Authority control Kibbutzim Populated places established in 1949 1949 establishments in Israel Ancient Jewish settlements of Galilee Hungarian-Jewish culture in Israel