''Arachnothelphusa rhadamanthysi''
Cave crab, Borneo
Parathelphusinae is a
subfamily
In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end subfamily botanical names with "-oideae", and zoologi ...
of
freshwater crab
Around 1,300 species of freshwater crabs are distributed throughout the tropics and subtropics, divided among eight families. They show direct development and maternal care of a small number of offspring, in contrast to marine crabs, which relea ...
s, which was formerly placed in the family Parathelphusidae; they are mainly found in
South
South is one of the cardinal directions or Points of the compass, compass points. The direction is the opposite of north and is perpendicular to both east and west.
Etymology
The word ''south'' comes from Old English ''sūþ'', from earlier Pro ...
and
Southeast Asia, but also found elsewhere in Asia and in Australia
. The family is now considered as a junior synonym of the family
Gecarcinucidae
The Gecarcinucidae are a family of true freshwater crabs. The family Parathelphusidae is now demoted to the rank of subfamily, as the Parathelphusinae, within the Gecarcinucidae. "Family" Parathelphusidae is now considered as a junior synonym.
...
.
The Parathelphusinae inhabit
rivers,
lakes and
rice paddies. Some species, for example from the
genus ''
Somanniathelphusa'', are locally important as food, particularly in
Thailand, Mizoram (India), etc. where they are an important ingredient in ''
som tam''. Some others are very rare and close to
extinction such as the Parathelphusa reticulata, Singapore's Swamp Forest Crab.
Genera in this family are:
*''
Adelaena''
*''
Arachnothelphusa''
*''
Austrothelphusa
''Austrothelphusa'' is a genus of freshwater crab endemic to Australia, comprising the following species:
*'' Austrothelphusa agassizi'' (Rathbun, 1905)
*'' Austrothelphusa angustifrons'' (A. Milne-Edwards, 1869)
*'' Austrothelphusa insulari ...
''
*''
Bakousa''
*''
Bassiathelphusa''
*''
Ceylonthelphusa
''Ceylonthelphusa'' is a genus of freshwater crabs endemic to Sri Lanka, where they live in moist lowland forests, swamps and rivers. Many of the species are on the IUCN Red List of threatened species, with the greatest risk factor being habitat ...
''
*''
Clinothelphusa
''Clinothelphusa kakoota'' is a species of crab in the family Gecarcinucidae, which is endemic to Sri Lanka. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical swamps, and rivers. It is threatened by ...
''
*''
Coccusa''
*''
Currothelphusa''
*''
Esanthelphusa
''Esanthelphusa'' is a genus of freshwater crabs, found in South-East Asia
Southeast Asia, also spelled South East Asia and South-East Asia, and also known as Southeastern Asia, South-eastern Asia or SEA, is the geographical south-eastern ...
''
*''
Geelvinkia''
*''
Geithusa''
*''
Heterothelphusa''
*''
Holthuisana
''Holthuisana'' is a genus of crabs belonging to the family Gecarcinucidae.
The species of this genus are found in Australia.
Species:
*''Holthuisana alba''
*''Holthuisana beauforti''
*''Holthuisana biroi''
*''Holthuisana boesemani''
*''Ho ...
''
*''
Irmengardia''
*''
Mahatha
''Mahatha'' is a genus of freshwater crabs endemic to Sri Lanka. Four of the six species are critically endangered due to habitat loss, and two are listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List.
Species
''Mahatha adonis''
''Mahatha adonis'' is ...
''
*''
Mainitia''
*''
Mekhongthelphusa
''Mekhongthelphusa'' is a genus of freshwater crabs in the family Gecarcinucidae, found in South-East Asia
Southeast Asia, also spelled South East Asia and South-East Asia, and also known as Southeastern Asia, South-eastern Asia or SEA, i ...
''
*''
Migmathelphusa
''Migmathelphusa olivacea'' is a species of freshwater crab found in Lake Poso on the Indonesian island of Sulawesi.Chia, Oliver KS, and Peter KL Ng. "The freshwater crabs of Sulawesi, with descriptions of two new genera and four new species ...
''
*''
Nautilothelphusa''
*''
Niasathelphusa''
*''
Oziotelphusa
''Oziotelphusa'' is a genus of freshwater crabs in the family Gecarcinucidae. Its members are found in Sri Lanka and southern India (throughout Kerala and Tamil Nadu and in the southern part of Karnataka). The genus was formerly placed within fa ...
''
*''
Parathelphusa''
*''
Pastilla''
*''
Perbrinckia''
*''
Perithelphusa''
*''
Rouxana''
*''
Salangathelphusa''
*''
Sartoriana''
*''
Sayamia
''Sayamia'' is a genus of freshwater crabs, found in South-East Asia. Three species are included on the List of least concern arthropods#Decapods, list of least concern (lc) arthropods, but ''S. melanodactylus'' is endangered.
Species
* ''Sayam ...
''
*''
Sendleria''
*''
Siamthelphusa''
*''
Somanniathelphusa''
*''
Spiralothelphusa
''Spiralothelphusa'' is a genus of freshwater crabs in the family Gecarcinucidae
The Gecarcinucidae are a family of true freshwater crabs. The family Parathelphusidae is now demoted to the rank of subfamily, as the Parathelphusinae, within the ...
''
*''
Stygothelphusa''
*''
Sundathelphusa''
*''
Syntripsa
''Syntripsa'' is a genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and be ...
''
*''
Terrathelphusa''
*''
Thelphusula''
*''
Torhusa''
References
The freshwater crabs of Danum Valley Conservation Area in Sabah, East Malaysia, with a description of a new species of Thelphusula Bott, 1969
External links
*
*
Gecarcinucoidea
Arthropod subfamilies
{{crab-stub
nl:Parathelphusidae
.jpg.html){kind=link}