Pantoic acid is the
alpha hydroxy acid
α-Hydroxy acids, or alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs), are a class of chemical compounds that consist of a carboxylic acid with a hydroxyl group substituent on the adjacent (alpha) carbon. Prominent examples are glycolic acid, lactic acid, mandelic ac ...
with the formula HOCH
2C(CH
3)
2CH(OH)CO
2H. The compound is almost always encountered in a biological context, as an aqueous solution of its conjugate base pantoate HOCH
2C(CH
3)
2CH(OH)CO
2-. The
amide
In organic chemistry, an amide, also known as an organic amide or a carboxamide, is a compound with the general formula , where R, R', and R″ represent organic groups or hydrogen atoms. The amide group is called a peptide bond when it i ...
of pantoic acid with
β-alanine is
pantothenic acid
Pantothenic acid, also called vitamin B5 is a water-soluble B vitamin and therefore an essential nutrient. All animals require pantothenic acid in order to synthesize coenzyme A (CoA) – essential for fatty acid metabolism – as well as to, ...
(vitamin B
5), a component of
coenzyme A
Coenzyme A (CoA, SHCoA, CoASH) is a coenzyme, notable for its role in the synthesis and oxidation of fatty acids, and the oxidation of pyruvate in the citric acid cycle. All genomes sequenced to date encode enzymes that use coenzyme A as a subs ...
.
Biosynthesis
Its biosynthesis proceeds from
ketoisovalerate by
hydroxymethylation:
:(CH
3)
2CHC(O)CO
2− + CH
2O → HOCH
2(CH
3)
2CC(O)CO
2−
This conversion is catalyzed by ketopantoate hydroxymethyltransferase, which gives
ketopantoate
Ketopantoic acid is the organic compound with the formula HOCH2(CH3)2CC(O)CO2H. At physiological conditions, ketopantoic acid exists as its conjugate base, ketopantoate (HOCH2(CH3)2CC(O)CO2−).
Biosynthetic context
Its biosynthesis proceeds from ...
. Ketopantoate is reduced by ketopantoate reductase to pantoate, using NADH as the hydride source.
The amide derived from pantoic acid and
GABA is the pharmaceutical drug
hopantenic acid.
References
External links
*
Alpha hydroxy acids
Diols
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