Palanpur State was a

princely state A princely state (also called native state or Indian state) was a nominally sovereign entity of the British Raj, British Indian Empire that was not directly governed by the British, but rather by an Indian ruler under a form of indirect rule, ...

of India during the

British Raj The British Raj (; from Hindi ''rāj'': kingdom, realm, state, or empire) was the rule of the British Crown on the Indian subcontinent; * * it is also called Crown rule in India, * * * * or Direct rule in India, * Quote: "Mill, who was himsel ...

. It was a

Salute state A salute state was a princely state under the British Raj that had been granted a gun salute by the British Crown (as paramount ruler); i.e., the protocolary privilege for its ruler to be greeted—originally by Royal Navy ships, later also ...

with the Nawab of Palanpur having a hereditary salute of 13-guns. It was the main state of the

Palanpur Agency Palanpur Agency, also spelled Pahlunpore Agency, was a political agency or collection of princely states in British India, within the Gujarat Division of Bombay Presidency. In 1933, the native states of the Mahi Kantha Agency, except for Danta, we ...

. Palanpur State became a British protectorate in 1809/17; its capital was the city of

Palanpur Palanpur is a city and a municipality of Banaskantha district in the Indian state of Gujarat. Palanpur is the administrative headquarters of Banaskantha district. Palanpur is the ancestral home to an industry of Indian diamond merchants. Ety ...

Geography

The state encompassed an area of and had a population of 2,22,627 in 1901. The town of Palanpur housed a population of only 17,800 people that year. The state commanded a revenue of approximately £50,000 per year. Palanpur State was traversed by the main line of the Rajputana-Malwa Railway, and contained the British cantonment of Deesa. Wheat, rice and sugar-cane were the chief products. Watered by the

Saraswati river The Sarasvati River () is a deified river first mentioned in the Rigveda and later in Vedic and post-Vedic texts. It played an important role in the Vedic religion, appearing in all but the fourth book of the Rigveda. As a physical river, i ...

, the state was heavily forested in its northern end (the present-day Jessore Sanctuary) but undulating and open in the south and east. The country was on the whole somewhat hilly, being at the edge of the

Aravalli Range The Aravalli Range (also spelled ''Aravali'') is a mountain range in Northern-Western India, running approximately in a south-west direction, starting near Delhi, passing through southern Haryana, Rajasthan, and ending in Ahmedabad Gujarat. ...

. In 1940 Palanpur State had a population of 3,15,855.

History

According to tradition Palanpur state was founded in 1370 and was ruled by the pashtun tribe of

Lohani Lohani, also known as Nuhani, is a Pashtun tribal sub-group from among the Lodi tribe.Haroon Rashid, "History of the Pathans", Vol.III, p-367-89 They migrated to their present-day location in Tank, Frontier Region Tank, Lakki Marwat and Dera Is ...

(Hetani, Bihari Pathan) of Jhalori dynasty. 'While the earlier history of the family is who established themselves in Bihar during the twelfth century and ruled there as Sultans, so some of from this family also known as a Bihari(Vihari). Malik Khurram Khan Vihari (Bihari), the founder of the Palanpur house, left

Bihar Bihar (; ) is a state in eastern India. It is the 2nd largest state by population in 2019, 12th largest by area of , and 14th largest by GDP in 2021. Bihar borders Uttar Pradesh to its west, Nepal to the north, the northern part of West Be ...

and entered the service of Vishaldev of

Mandore Mandore is a suburb Historical town located 9 km north of Jodhpur city, in the Indian state of Rajasthan. History Mandore is an ancient town, and was the seat of the Pratiharas of Mandavyapura, who ruled the region in the 6th century CE ...

during the late fourteenth century. Appointed Governor of Songad or Jhalor, he took control of that place in the confusion that followed the death of the Mandore ruler'; a forebear of the family is reputed to have wed the foster-sister of the

Mughal emperor The Mughal emperors ( fa, , Pādishāhān) were the supreme heads of state of the Mughal Empire on the Indian subcontinent, mainly corresponding to the modern countries of India, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Bangladesh. The Mughal rulers styled t ...

Akbar Abu'l-Fath Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar (25 October 1542 – 27 October 1605), popularly known as Akbar the Great ( fa, ), and also as Akbar I (), was the third Mughal emperor, who reigned from 1556 to 1605. Akbar succeeded his father, Hum ...

and received Palanpur and surrounding areas as dowry. However, the family comes into historical prominence during the period of instability that followed the demise of

Aurangzeb Muhi al-Din Muhammad (; – 3 March 1707), commonly known as ( fa, , lit=Ornament of the Throne) and by his regnal title Alamgir ( fa, , translit=ʿĀlamgīr, lit=Conqueror of the World), was the sixth emperor of the Mughal Empire, ruling ...

in the early 18th century. It was overrun soon afterwards by the

Maratha The Marathi people (Marathi: मराठी लोक) or Marathis are an Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic group who are indigenous to Maharashtra in western India. They natively speak Marathi, an Indo-Aryan language. Maharashtra was formed as a M ...

s; the Lohanis followed the trend of seeking recourse in the

British East India Company The East India Company (EIC) was an English, and later British, joint-stock company founded in 1600 and dissolved in 1874. It was formed to trade in the Indian Ocean region, initially with the East Indies (the Indian subcontinent and Southea ...

against them and finally entered the

subsidiary alliance A subsidiary alliance, in South Asian history, was a tributary alliance between a South Asian state and a European East India Company. Under this system, an Indian ruler who formed a treaty with the company in question would be provided wi ...

system in 1817, along with all other neighbouring states, becoming a British protectorate. Palanpur State was dissolved in 1949.

Rulers

The rulers of Palanpur State belonged to the Lohani tribe (Hetani, Bihari Pathan) of Jalori dynasty.States before 1947 K-W
/ref> All rulers used the title of Diwan except the last two rulers who used the title of

Nawab Nawab (Balochi language, Balochi: نواب; ar, نواب; bn, নবাব/নওয়াব; hi, नवाब; Punjabi language, Punjabi : ਨਵਾਬ; Persian language, Persian, Punjabi language, Punjabi , Sindhi language, Sindhi, Urd ...

Diwans

* 1688 - 1704 Firuz Kamal Khan (2nd time) * 1704 - 1708 Kamal Khan (b. 16... - d. 1708) * 1708 - 1719 Firuz Khan II (b. ... - d. 1719) * 1719 - 1732 Karim Dad Khan (b. ... - d. 1732) * 1732 - 1743 Pahar Khan II (b. ... - d. 1743) * 1743 - 1768 Bahadur Khan (b. ... - d. 1768) * 1768 - 1781 Salim Khan I (b. ... - d. 1781) * 1781 - 1788 Shir Khan (b. ... - d. 1788) * 1788 - 1793 Mubariz Khan II * 1793 - 1794 Shamshir Khan * 1794 - 1812 Firuz Khan III (b. 17... - d. 1812) * 1812 - 1813 Fateh Mohammad Khan (1st time) (b. 1799 - d. 1854) * 1813 - 22 Dec 1813 Shamshir Mohammad Khan (b. ... - d. 1834) (then regent for successor to 10 Oct 1817) *22 Dec 1813 – 11 Jul 1854 Fateh Mohammad Khan (2nd time) (s.a.) *11 Jul 1854 – 28 Aug 1878 Zorawar Khan (b. 1822 - d. 1878) *28 Aug 1878 - 1910 Zobdat al-Molk Shir Mohammad Khan (b. 1852 - d. 1918)

Nawab Sahibs

*1910 - 28 Sep 1918 Zobdat al-Molk Shir Mohammad Khan (s.a.) *28 Sep 1918 – 15 Aug 1947 Zobdat al-Molk Taley Mohammad Khan (b. 1883 - d. 1957)

References

External links

*
Heraldry of the princely states of Gujarat
{{Princely states of the Western India States Agency Princely states of Gujarat Pashtun dynasties Banaskantha district Bombay Presidency Muslim princely states of India 14th-century establishments in India 1370s establishments in Asia 1948 disestablishments in India