Pakistani

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PAKISTANIS ( Urdu
Urdu: پاكِستانى قوم‎; _Pakistani Qaum_) are the people who are citizens of the modern Islamic Republic of Pakistan
Pakistan. Pakistan
Pakistanis a multi-ethnic and multilingual state: the majority of its people belong linguistically to the Indo-Iranian group while the remaining minority mainly belongs to a small amount of other language groups and families. As of 2011, the estimated population of Pakistan
Pakistanwas over 199 million making it the world's sixth most-populous country.

CONTENTS

* 1 Ethnic sub-groups * 2 Culture * 3 Languages * 4 Religion * 5 Diaspora * 6 Notable people * 7 Further reading * 8 References

ETHNIC SUB-GROUPS

Main article: Ethnic groups in Pakistan
Pakistan

Pakistan
Pakistanhas one of the world's fastest growing populations. As the country is located in South Asia
South Asia, Pakistani people
Pakistani peopleare a mixture of various indigenous ethnic groups.

Pakistani people
Pakistani peoplebelong predominantly to seven main ethno-linguistic groups: Punjabi , Sindhi , Saraiki , Pashtun , Mohajir , Baloch , and Kashmiri , with substantial numbers of Brahui , Hindkowan , Pahari
Pahari, Shin , Burusho , Wakhi , Balti , Chitrali and other minority ethnic groups in the remote north of the country.

The Punjabi people
Punjabi people, the largest ethnic group in Pakistan, reside predominantly in Central and some Northern regions as well. Punjabis have been the primary inhabitants of the historical Punjab region which derives its name from the Persian _Panj_ meaning five (5) and _Ab_ meaning water(s); hence the land of five rivers or Panjab/Punjab. Considerable population of Punjabis live in Karachi as well. The Baloch people
Baloch peopleinhabit the southwest of the country. The Sindhi people , on the other hand have been settled in the southeast of the country and gave their name to the mighty Indus/Sindhu river, while regional groups such as the Saraiki peoplehave inhabited the regions between Punjab and Sindh. The Kashmiri people
Kashmiri peopleare an important ethnic group of the Kashmir region in the north. There are other important indigenous people like the Balti, Hunzakots, and Gilgiti people(s) of the northern territories of Gilgit through whose territory ran the ancient Silk Route
Silk Routeconnecting Asia
Asiaand Europe. The Chitrali peopleare another indigenous people who live high in the mountains in the northwest. Along with these main groups, there are smaller communities of Sheedi's who are descendants of African sailors and warriors who are believed to have arrived from the horn of Africa, as well as Muhajir peoplewho came as refugees from India when Pakistan
Pakistanattained its independence from Britain in 1947. There are countless other ethnic groups that make up part of Pakistani's mosaic such as the Bengalis , Burmese , Hazara , Tajik and Hakka ; the last are an ethnic group that traces its origin to China.

CULTURE

Main article: Culture of Pakistan
Pakistan

Pakistan
Pakistanhas a heterogeneous culture, with all of the provinces maintaining differing social mores. However, Islam
Islamis the driving force behind the unity of varying ethnic groups from different parts of the country, and has significantly shaped the values and traditions of Pakistanis. Pakistani culture falls in the category of high context.

LANGUAGES

Main article: Languages of Pakistan
Pakistan

Urdu
Urdu, a major standard register of Hindustani , is Pakistan's national language. Urdu
Urduwas chosen as a token of unity and as a lingua franca so as not to give any native Pakistani language preference over the other. It is mostly learned as a second language, with nearly 93% of Pakistan's population having a mother tongue other than Urdu. Urdu is spoken as a first, second or at times third tongue by almost all Pakistani people. Numerous regional and provincial languages are spoken as first languages by the ethno-linguistic groups making up the country, with Punjabi having a plurality of native speakers with 45% of the total population. English is spoken at an official level and in most elite circles, as a legacy of the long British Raj
British Rajcolonial rule in the region.

Many Pakistanis
Pakistanisworldwide speak the various regional languages of Pakistan
Pakistansuch as: Urdu
Urdu, Saraiki , Punjabi , Sindhi , Pashto
Pashto, Balochi , and Kashmiri .

RELIGION

Main article: Religion in Pakistan
Pakistan Further information: Islam
Islamin Pakistan
Pakistan

The largest religion practiced in Pakistan
Pakistanis Islam
Islam. Other religious groups in Pakistan
Pakistaninclude Judaism
Judaism, Sikhism
Sikhism, Zoroastrianism
Zoroastrianism, Buddhism
Buddhism, Hinduism
Hinduismand Christianity
Christianity.

DIASPORA

Main article: Pakistani diaspora
Pakistani diaspora

There are large populations of Pakistani ancestry around the world, due to emigration. The population of Pakistanis
Pakistanisabroad is considered to exceed seven million and can be found in the Middle East
Middle East, North America , Europe
Europe, Asia
Asiaand Australia
Australia.

NOTABLE PEOPLE

Main article: List of Pakistanis

FURTHER READING

* Abbasi, Nadia Mushtaq. "The Pakistani diaspora
Pakistani diasporain Europe
Europeand its impact on democracy building in Pakistan." _International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance_ (2010). * Awan, Shehzadi Zamurrad. "Relevance of Education for Women's Empowerment in Punjab, Pakistan." _Journal of International Women's Studies_ 18.1 (2016): 208+ online * Bolognani, Marta, and Susan Lyon, eds. _ Pakistan
Pakistanand its diaspora: multidisciplinary approaches_ (Springer, 2011). * Eglar, Zekiya. _A Punjabi Village in Pakistan: Perspectives on Community, Land, and Economy_ (Oxford UP, 2010). * Kalra, Virinder S., ed. _Pakistani Diasporas: Culture, conflict, and change_ (Oxford UP, 2009). * Lukacs, John, ed. _The people of South Asia: the biological anthropology of India, Pakistan, and Nepal_ (Springer, 2013). * Marsden, Magnus. "Muslim village intellectuals: the life of the mind in northern Pakistan." _Anthropology today_ 21.1 (2005): 10-15. * Mughal, Muhammad Aurang Zeb. "An anthropological perspective on the mosque in Pakistan." _Asian Anthropology_ 14.2 (2015): 166-181. * Rauf, Abdur. "Rural women and the family: A study of a Punjabi village in Pakistan." _Journal of Comparative Family Studies_ (1987): 403-415.

REFERENCES

* ^ _A_ _B_ "U.S. and World Population Clock". _United States Census Bureau _. * ^ "2011 Census: Ethnic group, local authorities in the United Kingdom". Office for National Statistics. 11 October 2013. Retrieved 28 February 2015. * ^ Data Access and Dissemination Systems (DADS). "American FactFinder - Results". Retrieved 17 March 2015. * ^ 2011 National Household Survey * ^ Al-Qarari, Hussein (2009-03-29). " Pakistanis
Pakistaniscelebrate National Day in Kuwait". _ Kuwait
KuwaitTimes_. Archived from the original on 2011-06-17. Retrieved 2012-04-14. * ^ " Europe
Europeand Russian Federation", _Yearbook of Pakistan
PakistanForeign Relations, 2003-2004_, Pakistan: Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 2004, retrieved 2008-11-18 * ^ Husain, Irfan (2002-11-09), "The Italian jobs", _Dawn_, Pakistan, retrieved 2008-11-18 * ^ Qatar´s population by nationality bq magazine Retrieved 15 December 2014 * ^ http://www.ine.es/jaxi/Datos.htm?path=/t20/e245/p04/provi/l0/&file=00000010.px * ^ http://www.immigration.go.kr/HP/COM/bbs_003/ListShowData.do?strNbodCd=noti0096&strWrtNo=124&strAnsNo=A&strOrgGbnCd=104000&strRtnURL=IMM_6050&strAllOrgYn=N&strThisPage=1;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">v

* t * e

_ Pakistan
Pakistantopics

* Basic topics * Alphabetical index of topics

HISTORY

ANCIENT

* Stone age * Soanian
Soanian * Mehrgarh
Mehrgarh * Indus Valley * Indo-Iranics * Indo-Aryan * Achaemenid * Greco-Bactrian * Maurya * Gandhara
Gandhara * Indo-Greek * Indo-Scythians
Indo-Scythians * Indo-Parthian * Kushan * Indo-Sassanid

MEDIEVAL

* Indo- Hephthalite * Kamboja * Rai Dynasty * Shahi * Pala * Solanki * Muhammad bin Qasim
Muhammad bin Qasim * Ghaznavid * Ghurid * Mamluk * Khilji * Tughlaq * Sayyid * Lodi * Timurid

MODERN

PRE-COLONIAL

* Mughal * East India Company * Durrani * Sikh Confederacy * Sikh Empire
Sikh Empire * First Anglo-Afghan War
First Anglo-Afghan War * First Anglo-Sikh War * Second Anglo-Sikh War
Second Anglo-Sikh War * Rebellion

COLONIAL

* British Raj
British Raj * Second Anglo-Afghan War
Second Anglo-Afghan War * Durand Line
Durand Line * Third Anglo-Afghan War
Third Anglo-Afghan War * Aligarh Movement * Hindi– Urdu
Urducontroversy

* Pakistan
PakistanMovement

* Muslim League * Two nation theory
Two nation theory * Jinnah\'s 14 Points * Lahore Resolution
Lahore Resolution * Direct Action Day

* Partition * Independence

DOMINION

* Dominion of Pakistan
Pakistan * Princely states * 1947 War * Liaquat–Nehru Pact * Baghdad Pact

REPUBLIC

* Indus Treaty * 1965 War * 1971 War * Project-706 * Islamisation * Baloch insurgency * Kargil War
Kargil War * Liberalization * War in North-West Pakistan
Pakistan

GEOGRAPHY

FEATURES

* Beaches * Deserts * Glaciers * Islands * Lakes * Mountains * Passes * Rivers * Valleys * Waterfalls * Wetlands

AREAS

* Arabian Sea
Arabian Sea * Gwadar Bay * Indus Plain * Pothohar Plateau
Pothohar Plateau * Salt Range * Sistan Basin
Sistan Basin

GEOLOGY

* Coal fields * Gas fields * Minerals * Oil fields * Tectonics * Volcanoes * Floods

ENVIRONMENT

* Botanical gardens * Ecoregions * Environmental issues * Forests

* Protected areas

* national parks * game reserves * sanctuaries

* Wildlife

* flora * fauna

* Zoos