Paavo Allan Engelbert Berglund (14 April 192925 January 2012) was a Finnish conductor and

violin The violin, sometimes known as a ''fiddle'', is a wooden chordophone (string instrument) in the violin family. Most violins have a hollow wooden body. It is the smallest and thus highest-pitched instrument (soprano) in the family in regular ...

ist.

Career

Born in

Helsinki Helsinki ( or ; ; sv, Helsingfors, ) is the Capital city, capital, primate city, primate, and List of cities and towns in Finland, most populous city of Finland. Located on the shore of the Gulf of Finland, it is the seat of the region of U ...

, Berglund studied the violin as a child, and played an instrument made by his grandfather. By age 15, he had decided on music as his career, and by 18 was playing in restaurants. During the Second World War, Berglund worked at the iron factories in Billnäs. Children were moved out of Helsinki during heavy stages of the war. His professional career as a violinist began in 1946, playing the whole summer at the officers' mess (Upseerikasino) in Helsinki. He had already played in dance orchestras in 1945. Formal study took place in Helsinki at the Sibelius Academy, in Vienna and in Salzburg. He was a violinist in the

Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra The Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra (Finnish: ''Radion sinfoniaorkesteri'', Swedish: ''Radions symfoniorkester'') is a Finnish broadcast orchestra based in Helsinki, and the orchestra of the Finnish Broadcasting Company (Yle). The orchestra prima ...

from 1949 to 1958 in the 1st violin section, unique among the instrumentalists in being accommodated for seating to account for the fact that he played the violin 'left-handed'. In a radio interview made of the Finnish Broadcasting Company YLE in 2002, Berglund explains how he heard the

Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra The Vienna Philharmonic (VPO; german: Wiener Philharmoniker, links=no) is an orchestra that was founded in 1842 and is considered to be one of the finest in the world. The Vienna Philharmonic is based at the Musikverein in Vienna, Austria. Its ...

on their tour in Helsinki with

Wilhelm Furtwängler Gustav Heinrich Ernst Martin Wilhelm Furtwängler ( , , ; 25 January 188630 November 1954) was a German conductor and composer. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest symphonic and operatic conductors of the 20th century. He was a major ...

and was very impressed. Shortly after that he left for Vienna to study. He had many friends both in the Vienna Philharmonic and

Vienna Radio Symphony The Vienna Radio Symphony Orchestra (German: ''ORF Radio-Symphonieorchester Wien'', or RSO Wien) is the orchestra of the Austrian national broadcaster ORF (broadcaster), Österreichischer Rundfunk (ORF). Unlike most other Austrian orchestras, the ...

orchestras, and could attend rehearsal and recording sessions. One particular recording session he remembers is when he was present one evening when Furtwängler recorded Schumann's Manfred Overture and Smetana's ''Die Moldau'' (Vltava) at the Musikverein in Vienna. Another conductor that he was very impressed with was

Hans Knappertsbusch Hans Knappertsbusch (12 March 1888 – 25 October 1965) was a German conductor, best known for his performances of the music of Wagner, Bruckner and Richard Strauss. Knappertsbusch followed the traditional route for an aspiring conductor in Germ ...

. Berglund's conducting career began in 1949, when he founded his own chamber orchestra. In 1953, Berglund co-founded the Helsinki Chamber Orchestra (partly inspired by the Boyd Neel Orchestra).Nott C. Here and There: Paavo Berglund. ''Gramophone'', October 1978, p. 658. In 1955, he was appointed Associate Conductor of the Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra, and served as chief conductor of the Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra from 1962 to 1971. Berglund became music director of the

Helsinki Philharmonic Orchestra The Helsinki Philharmonic Orchestra (in Finnish: ; in Swedish: ; literal English translation: Helsinki City Orchestra; commonly abbreviated as HPO) is an orchestra based in Helsinki, Finland. Founded in 1882 by Robert Kajanus, the Philharmonic ...

in 1975 and held the post for four seasons. He was conductor of the mixed voice choir of the Student Union of the University of Helsinki, The Academic Choral Society (Akateeminen Laulu) from 1959–61. Paavo-Berglund-1961

Berglund attained notoriety as a strict orchestral disciplinarian due to his ruthless rehearsals and dedication to musical perfection. As a conductor Berglund often went beyond the printed score in the music of

Jean Sibelius Jean Sibelius ( ; ; born Johan Julius Christian Sibelius; 8 December 186520 September 1957) was a Finnish composer of the late Romantic and 20th-century classical music, early-modern periods. He is widely regarded as his country's greatest com ...

and others to improve on what he believed were weaknesses, especially in orchestration, colour and balance. Most orchestras he conducted responded well to his no-nonsense approach. He was tireless in studying, preparing and rehearsing. He almost always came to the orchestra with his own materials he had corrected and bowed by his own hand. He would then mark highly detailed instructions on the sheet music of each individual musician. Berglund would certainly not always agree with composers; he felt comfortable in elaborating any nuances he considered important but which the composers had not highlighted. He believed in details: "I think we have already had our fill of mushy recordings", Berglund noted in an interview by ''Finnish Music Quarterly'' (FMQ) in 1999. In the UK, Berglund led Sibelius Centenary Concerts with the

Bournemouth Symphony Orchestra The Bournemouth Symphony Orchestra (BSO) is an English orchestra, founded in 1893 and originally based in Bournemouth. With a remit to serve the South and South West of England, the BSO is administratively based in the adjacent town of Poole, s ...

in 1965, and became their principal conductor in 1972, concluding his tenure in Bournemouth in 1979. He significantly raised its performing standards, as can be heard from the many recordings made by it for EMI during this period. He also served as principal guest conductor of the Scottish National Orchestra, from 1981–85. Berglund resigned from both the Helsinki and Bournemouth orchestras in 1979. More noticed in his native Finland was the fact that he had seemed to give up his dictatorial ways. In 1996, he was quoted as saying, "The rise in the standard of Finnish orchestras has been quite incredible...young musicians play so much better than their predecessors did." Guest engagements saw him conducting all the major North American and European orchestras, such as the

Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra The Berlin Philharmonic (german: Berliner Philharmoniker, links=no, italic=no) is a German orchestra based in Berlin. It is one of the most popular, acclaimed and well-respected orchestras in the world. History The Berlin Philharmonic was fo ...

, the

London Symphony Orchestra The London Symphony Orchestra (LSO) is a British symphony orchestra based in London. Founded in 1904, the LSO is the oldest of London's orchestras, symphony orchestras. The LSO was created by a group of players who left Henry Wood's Queen's ...

, the Dresden Staatskapelle, the St Petersburg and Moscow Philharmonics, the Leipzig Gewandhaus and the Israel Philharmonic Orchestras. Berglund was a member of the Russian National Orchestra's conductor collegium. He made his New York debut in 1978 with the American Symphony Orchestra at the Carnegie Hall, in a concert of Shostakovich and Sibelius. From the 1990s he became a regular guest conductor in the

New York Philharmonic The New York Philharmonic, officially the Philharmonic-Symphony Society of New York, Inc., globally known as New York Philharmonic Orchestra (NYPO) or New York Philharmonic-Symphony Orchestra, is a symphony orchestra based in New York City. It is ...

and the

Cleveland Orchestra The Cleveland Orchestra, based in Cleveland, is one of the five American orchestras informally referred to as the " Big Five". Founded in 1918 by the pianist and impresario Adella Prentiss Hughes, the orchestra plays most of its concerts at Sev ...

. 2008-archived at

Wayback Machine The Wayback Machine is a digital archive of the World Wide Web founded by the Internet Archive, a nonprofit based in San Francisco, California. Created in 1996 and launched to the public in 2001, it allows the user to go "back in time" and see ...

Berglund made over 100 recordings. In an interview for the newspaper ''

Helsingin Sanomat ''Helsingin Sanomat'', abbreviated ''HS'' and colloquially known as , is the largest subscription newspaper in Finland and the Nordic countries, owned by Sanoma. Except after certain holidays, it is published daily. Its name derives from that of ...

'' in 2009, he said when asked about his recordings, that the Smetana recording with the Dresden Staatskapelle is probably the best, since this was the best of the orchestras that he made recordings with. Berglund conducted opera a few times. The most important of his opera projects were Beethoven's ''Fidelio'' with

Finnish National Opera The Finnish National Opera and Ballet ( fi, Suomen Kansallisooppera ja -baletti; sv, Finlands Nationalopera och -balett) is a Finnish opera company and ballet company based in Helsinki. It is headquartered in the Opera House on the coast of the T ...

in Helsinki in 2000 (with

Karita Mattila Karita Marjatta Mattila (born 5 September 1960) is a Finnish operatic soprano. Mattila appears regularly in the major opera houses worldwide, including the Metropolitan Opera, the Royal Opera House in London, Théâtre du Châtelet, Opéra Bastill ...

Matti Salminen Matti Kalervo Salminen (born 7 July 1945) is a Finnish operatic bass, now retired, who has sung at the most important opera houses of the world, including the Metropolitan and Bayreuth Festival. He is distinguished by an imposing figure and ...

Jaakko Ryhänen Jaakko Ryhänen (born 2 December 1946) is a Finnish opera singer (bass) and voice pedagog. Ryhänen initially trained as a primary school teacher. He later studied singing at the Sibelius Academy under Matti Lehtinen and Jolanda di Maria Pe ...

) and Nielsen's ''Maskerade'' in Copenhagen. Paavo Berglund told in a radio interview for the conductor

Atso Almila Atso Almila (born 13 June 1953, in Helsinki 1) is a Finnish orchestral conductor, music director, composer, trombonist and teacher. He has worked with most Finnish orchestras as a guest conductor or otherwise. Though he primarily operates in Finlan ...

, made on occasion for the 75th anniversary in 2002 of the Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra, that he had the closest relation and friendship of contemporary Finnish composers to

Joonas Kokkonen Joonas Kokkonen (; 13 November 1921 – 2 October 1996) was a Finnish composer. He was one of the most internationally famous Finnish composers of the 20th century after Sibelius; his opera ''The Last Temptations'' has received over 500 performance ...

(1921–1996). The collaboration was very strong. He championed his music as much as possible and also helped him during the difficult times in life. He commissioned many of Kokkonen's works. Berglund was also the first conductor in the early years, alongside Jukka-Pekka Saraste, for the Finnish Chamber Orchestra founded in 1990. The orchestra does not serve as a primary job for anyone, but rather as an instrument to gather top musicians to work together in an exquisite ensemble where art and quality come before routine. The orchestra consists of concertmasters and principals from leading Finnish orchestras such as the Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra, Helsinki Philharmonic Orchestra, Orchestra of the Finnish National Opera,

Tapiola Sinfonietta The Tapiola Sinfonietta (founded 1987) is a city orchestra of Espoo, Finland. The orchestra consists of 41 members and its principal concert venue is Tapiola Hall (with 773 seats) at the Espoo Cultural Centre. At the beginning Jorma Panula, Osmo V ...

Avanti! ''Avanti!'' is a 1972 American/Italian international co-production comedy film produced and directed by Billy Wilder, and starring Jack Lemmon and Juliet Mills. The screenplay by Wilder and I. A. L. Diamond is based on Samuel A. Taylor's play, ...

and

Lahti Symphony Orchestra The Lahti Symphony Orchestra (''Sinfonia Lahti'') is a Finnish orchestra, based in the city of Lahti. The orchestra is resident at the Sibelius Hall. The orchestra was founded in 1910, and placed under the control of the Lahti municipality in 1949 ...

. Berglund also conducted the Sibelius Academy Symphony Orchestra on a few occasions.

Relationship with Jean Sibelius' music

Berglund was particularly associated with the music of

Sibelius Jean Sibelius ( ; ; born Johan Julius Christian Sibelius; 8 December 186520 September 1957) was a Finnish composer of the late Romantic and early-modern periods. He is widely regarded as his country's greatest composer, and his music is often ...

and he recorded the complete Sibelius symphonies three times. During the mid-1950s, Jean Sibelius heard Berglund conduct some of the symphonies and the Suite ''Rakastava'', and told Berglund how much he had enjoyed the performances. He met Sibelius at his home Ainola as a member of the delegation of the Radio Orchestra that visited Sibelius. Sibelius asked him whether they were playing any Schönberg. To this Paavo Berglund answered no. This was the whole conversation. Berglund made the first recording of the ''Kullervo Symphony''. Berglund's source-critical research on the Sibelius Seventh Symphony began in 1957, when he conducted the Seventh with the Helsinki Philharmonic Orchestra, and noticed that they were playing from parts that Sibelius had corrected. He saw that the printed parts had numerous errors. His subsequent research led to the publication of a new edition of the symphony by Hansen in 1980. In an interview in 1998 with the London ''Sunday Times'', Berglund spoke of his interpretative ideas on the music of Jean Sibelius:

"Sibelius's music is often ruined because it's too strictly accurate. I think maybe musicians like to play like this" – he makes a series of downward vertical gestures – "but it's good to do it like this" – his hands, one above the other, oscillate gently in and out of vertical alignment. "Accuracy against atmosphere: it's not that simple. The early Sibelius conductor Georg Schneevoigt once complained that he couldn't get the details out of Sibelius's scores. Sibelius said that he should simply swim in the gravy."

Berglund sometimes courted controversy with his re-touching of orchestral parts; as he said in a ''Gramophone'' interview in October 1978, "Sibelius was a superb orchestrator, but right up to the very end he made strange dynamics which I find I have to change. In the Second Symphony you don't have to alter so much, but funnily enough there is a lot that needs altering in the Seventh Symphony ... My attitude was "" which in German means roughly 'be true to the work'. But you see, the composers didn't always know; they could have given it more thought. Bruckner, when things were suggested to him by Lowe and Schalk (who were certainly not stupid) told them to go ahead and do it. Maybe he was weak and should have argued sometimes a little bit more, but on the other hand many of their suggestions are fine." He collaborated with the

Chamber Orchestra of Europe The Chamber Orchestra of Europe (COE), established in 1981, is an orchestra based in London. The orchestra comprises about 60 members from across Europe. The players pursue parallel careers as international soloists, members of chamber groups and ...

in recordings of the complete symphonies of

and

Johannes Brahms Johannes Brahms (; 7 May 1833 – 3 April 1897) was a German composer, pianist, and conductor of the mid- Romantic period. Born in Hamburg into a Lutheran family, he spent much of his professional life in Vienna. He is sometimes grouped wit ...

. The origin for the Sibelius recordings were made when Berglund conducted the orchestra at the Edinburgh Festival in a complete cycle of the Sibelius symphonies. What was especially notable was using smaller string forces than usual in some of the symphonies. The result was highly praised. Berglund's early Sibelius interpretations are darker and heavier. Later on he discovered a new style. While other conductors often go for the big effects in Sibelius, Berglund started to love the clarity that could be achieved with an orchestra of about 50 players. Berglund was one of the jury members in the 1st International Sibelius Conductors' Competition held in 1995.

Last performance

Paavo Berglund conducted his last concert in the Pleyel Concert Hall in Paris on 1 June 2007. The orchestra was the French Radio Philharmonic Orchestra. The program included the Brahms Violin Concerto with

Christian Tetzlaff Christian Tetzlaff (born 29 April 1966) is a German violinist. Biography Tetzlaff was born in Hamburg. His parents were amateur musicians and met in a church choir. He began playing the violin and piano at the age of 6, and made his concert debu ...

as a soloist and Sibelius' Symphony No. 4. In an interview made on his 80th birthday by the Finnish Broadcasting Company YLE, Berglund said that the playing in the Sibelius was almost perfect Sibelius playing. The concert was recorded by French Radio. Paavo-Berglund-1963

Death and legacy

Berglund died on 25 January 2012, aged 82, and was buried in Helsinki on 4 February 2012. He was survived by his wife, Kirsti; son, Juha; daughters, Liisa Kylmänen and Eeva Berglund; and five grandchildren. The Finnish newspaper ''Helsingin Sanomat'' interviewed the conductor

Kurt Masur Kurt Masur (18 July 1927 – 19 December 2015) was a German conductor. Called "one of the last old-style maestros", he directed many of the principal orchestras of his era. He had a long career as the Kapellmeister of the Leipzig Gewandhaus Or ...

by telephone from Leipzig on occasion of the passing of Berglund. "Paavo was one of my oldest friends. The world has lost one of its greatest conductors, and my thoughts are with his wife Kirsti and his family", said Mr Masur.

Selected instruments

In 2005, the Signe and Ane Gyllenberg Foundation bought a violin from Mr Berglund, which was built in 1732 by Carlo Bergonzi (1683–1747). Before him the violin was owned by

Isaac Stern Isaac Stern (July 21, 1920 – September 22, 2001) was an American violinist. Born in Poland, Stern came to the US when he was 14 months old. Stern performed both nationally and internationally, notably touring the Soviet Union and China, and ...

. Violin maker

Ilkka Vainio Ilkka may refer to: * Ilkka (given name) Ilkka is a masculine Finnish given name. Notable people with the name include: * Ilkka Alanko (born 1969), Finnish musician * Ilkka Auer (1930–2013), Finnish middle-distance runner * Ilkka Hakalehto (193 ...

has said that the violin is an example of a masterpiece, the best he has personally known. The violin has maintained its original condition, even the lacquer is still mostly intact. According to

Petteri Iivonen Petteri Iivonen (born 14 August 1987) is a Finnish violinist. He has studied at the Sibelius Academy, University of Southern California and the Tel Aviv University with Hagai Shaham. In 2005 he won the National Violin Competition in Kuopio, Fin ...

, who has played the instrument, the violin has a warm sound yet can endure even a rougher style of play. The violin is lent to a musician for three years at a time. The first was

Pietari Inkinen Pietari Inkinen (born 29 April 1980, Kouvola, Finland) is a Finnish violinist and conductor. Biography Inkinen began violin and piano studies at age 4. As a youth, he also performed in a rock band. He attended the Sibelius Academy and gradu ...

who had the violin during years 2005 to 2009. In spring 2009, the violin was handed over to Petteri Iivonen. The foundation lends the violin by announcing it on the daily newspapers, musical publications and on its website. Interested musicians may apply to enjoy the violin for the said period of time. A knowledgeable jury decides on the musician who will have the violin. According to the Finnish Broadcasting Company YLE, Berglund's Stradivarius violin was sold by his heirs in 2012 to the

Finnish Cultural Foundation Finnish Cultural Foundation ( fi, Suomen Kulttuurirahasto) is a private nonprofit foundation dedicated to the promotion of culture and science in Finland. The foundation's assets are about 1.1 billion euros, which makes it one of the largest priva ...

for 1.8 million euros. At the same time the performing artist's rights to Berglund's recordings as well as his valuable collection of orchestral sheet music were donated to the foundation. The latter material will be made available to researchers in ten years' time. The violin will be named Stradivarius ex. Berglund. Mr Berglund's son Juha Berglund, the spokesperson for the family, says that his father had several instruments, but the Stradivari was the dearest to him. Mr Berglund's specific wish was that the violin should stay in Finland. The violin was built in around 1700. The violin is in exceptionally good condition for its age.

Awards and honours

Grammy The Grammy Awards (stylized as GRAMMY), or simply known as the Grammys, are awards presented by the Recording Academy of the United States to recognize "outstanding" achievements in the music industry. They are regarded by many as the most pre ...

nomination in 1971 for Best Choral Performance — Classical for Sibelius: KullervoY
, YL Male Voice Choir Website retrieved 10/04/09. *

Diapason d'Or The Diapason d'Or (French for "Golden Tuning Fork") is a recommendation of outstanding (mostly) classical music recordings given by reviewers of '' Diapason'' magazine in France, broadly equivalent to "Editor's Choice", "Disc of the Month" in the ...

for the recording of the Nielsen Symphonies with the

Royal Danish Orchestra The Royal Danish Orchestra (''Det Kongelige Kapel'') is a Danish orchestra based in Copenhagen. The Danish name for the orchestra indicates its original function as an ensemble geared to supplying the music for court events. The Royal Danish Orch ...

. *

for the recording of the Sibelius Symphonies with the

. * "Choc de l'Année 1998" of ''

Le Monde de la musique ''Le Monde de la musique'' was a French monthly musical magazine published from 1978 to 2009 with a circulation of 20,000 copies in 2008. It was founded in 1978 by ''Le Monde'' and ''Télérama ''Télérama'' is a weekly French cultural and tel ...

'', for the recording of the Sibelius Symphonies with the

. * Finnish State Music Award (with

Arto Noras Arto Noras (born 12 May 1942, in Turku) is a Finnish cellist who is one of Finland's most celebrated instrumentalists and amongst the most outstanding internationally acknowledged cellists of his generation. At the age of 8, Arto Noras started h ...

) in 1972. * Art Council of the Uusimaa (region in southern Finland) Region Artium Cultori Award in 2004. * Janne Award in category Best Orchestral Recording in year 2001 for Brahms Symphonies with the Chamber Orchestra of Europe. The price is given by IFPI Finland (The Finnish National Group of IFPI, in Finnish Musiikkituottajat). * Pro Finlandia Medal 1982. * Finnish Cultural Foundation Award in 1985 (40.000 FIM). * Honorary Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in 1977. * Honorary Conductor of the Turku Philharmonic Orchestra in 2002 (http://www.tfo.fi). * Member No. 1202 of the

Royal Swedish Academy of Music The Royal Swedish Academy of Music ( sv, Kungliga Musikaliska Akademien), founded in 1771 by King Gustav III, is one of the Royal Academies in Sweden. At the time of its foundation, only one of its co-founder was a professional musician, Ferdin ...

in 1983 (https://www.musikaliskaakademien.se/omakademien/organisation/ledamotersedan1771.3388.html). * The Rehearsal Hall PAAVO at the Helsinki Music Centre, opened in 2011, is named after Paavo Berglund

Selected discography

* Misc.: Opera arias: Bizet, Carmen: Song of Toreador; Mozart, Marriage of Figaro: Aria of Figaro, "

Non piu andrai Non, non or NON can refer to: * ''Non'', a negatory word in French, Italian and Latin People *Non (given name) *Non Boonjumnong (born 1982), Thai amateur boxer * Rena Nōnen (born 1993), Japanese actress who uses the stage name "Non" since July ...

"; Verdi, Aida: Radames!; (with Aarne Vainio).

. (FUGA 9200) * Misc.: Tribute to

Martti Talvela Martti Olavi Talvela (4 February 1935 – 22 July 1989) was a Finnish operatic bass. Born in Hiitola, Finland (now in the Republic of Karelia), the eighth of ten children

. Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra. (Ondine ODE 945-2) * Beethoven: Piano Concerto No. 4 (with Maire Halava). Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra. 1961. (Finlandia Classics, FINCLA 23) * Bliss: Suite from

Miracle in the Gorbals ''Miracle in the Gorbals'' (1944) is a one-act ballet choreographed by Robert Helpmann to a story by Michael Benthall, with music by Arthur Bliss. The setting is the 1940s slums in the Gorbals area of Glasgow. It became a staple of the Royal Ball ...

; Cello Concerto (with

. 1977, Southampton Guildhall. (EMI ASD 3342) * Brahms: Alto Rhapsody (with Maiju Kuusoja). Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra. 1961. (Finlandia Classics, FINCLA 26) * Brahms: Alto Rhapsody (with Heljä Angervo). Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra. 1967. (Finlandia Classics, FINCLA 20) * Brahms: Complete Symphonies.

. Live May 2000, Baden-Baden Festival Hall. (Ondine ODE 990-2T) * Brahms: Double Concerto (with

Yehudi Menuhin Yehudi or Jehudi (Hebrew: יהודי, endonym for Jew) is a common Hebrew name: * Yehudi Menuhin (1916–1999), violinist and conductor ** Yehudi Menuhin School, a music school in Surrey, England ** Who's Yehoodi?, a catchphrase referring to the v ...

and

Paul Tortelier Paul Tortelier (21 March 1914 – 18 December 1990) was a French cellist and composer. After an outstanding student career at the Conservatoire de Paris he played in orchestras in France and the US before the Second World War. After the war he b ...

London Philharmonic Orchestra The London Philharmonic Orchestra (LPO) is one of five permanent symphony orchestras based in London. It was founded by the conductors Sir Thomas Beecham and Malcolm Sargent in 1932 as a rival to the existing London Symphony and BBC Symphony ...

. 1984. (EMI) * Brahms: Piano Concerto No. 2 (with François-Frederic Guy). London Philharmonic Orchestra. Live May 31, 2003, Royal Festival Hall, London. (NAÏVE V4944) * Britten: Violin Concerto (with

Ida Haendel Ida Haendel, (15 December 19281 July 2020) was a Polish-British-Canadian violinist. Haendel was a child prodigy, her career spanning over seven decades. She also became an influential teacher. Early career Born in 1928 to a Polish Jewish fami ...

). Bournemouth Symphony Orchestra. June 12, 1977. (EMI ASD 3843 CDM7642022) * Bruch: Violin Concerto No. 1 (with

Frank Peter Zimmermann Frank Peter Zimmermann (born 27 February 1965) is a German violinist. Childhood He was born in Duisburg, West Germany, and started playing the violin when he was five years old, giving his first concert with orchestra at the age of 10. Since he ...

Royal Philharmonic Orchestra The Royal Philharmonic Orchestra (RPO) is a British symphony orchestra based in London, that performs and produces primarily classic works. The RPO was established by Thomas Beecham in 1946. In its early days, the orchestra secured profitable ...

. 2004 (SONY) * Dvorak: Scherzo Capriccioso; Slavonic Rhapsody No. 3.

Dresden Staatskapelle The Staatskapelle Dresden (known formally as the Sächsische Staatskapelle Dresden) is a German orchestra based in Dresden, the capital of Saxony. Founded in 1548 by Maurice, Elector of Saxony, it is one of the world's oldest and most highly re ...

. Recorded 1978 at Lukaskirche Dresden. (ETERNA 8 27 199–200) * Englund: Epinikia. Helsinki Philharmonic Orchestra. (FINNLEVY SFX 34) * Franck: Symphony; Symphonic Variations (with

Sylvia Kersenbaum Sylvia Haydée Kersenbaum (born 27 December 1941) is an Argentine pianist, composer and teacher. Among other things, she is recognized for performing the complete cycle of 32 Beethoven piano sonatas twice (in 1989–1990 and 2003–2004), and her ...

). Bournemouth Symphony Orchestra. 1976. (EMI ASD 3308) * Glazunov: Piano Concerto (with John Ogdon); Yardumian: Passacaglia, Recitative & Fugue. Bournemouth Symphony Orchestra. 1977. (EMI ASD 3367) * Grieg: Peer Gynt Suite; Alfven: Swedish Rhapsody; Järnefelt: Praeludium; Berceuse. Bournemouth Symphony Orchestra. (EMI) * Grieg: Symphonic Dances; Old Norwegian Romance with Variations. Bournemouth Symphony Orchestra. 1982. (EMI ASD 4170) * Haydn: Symphony Nos. 92, 99. Finnish Chamber Orchestra. November 1992, Hyvinkää Hall, Finland. (Ondine) * Haydn: Symphony No. 103; Tchaikovsky: Serenade for Strings. Finnish Chamber Orchestra. Live 1993. (FCO 1003) * Kokkonen: Music for String Orchestra. Helsinki Chamber Orchestra. (Fennica SS 8) * Kokkonen: Symphonies 1, 4; "...durch einen spiegel...". Finnish RSO. May 1995 (...Durch einen..., Symph. 4). March 1995 (Symph. 1). House of Culture Helsinki. (Ondine) * Kokkonen: Symphony No. 3; Sibelius: Tapiola. Finnish RSO. (EMI SXL 6432, Finlandia FA 311) * Merikanto: Ekho; Violin Concerto no. 2 (with Ulf Hästbacka). Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra. 1978. (Fennica Nova) * Mozart: Oboe Concerto; Strauss: Oboe Concerto (with

Douglas Boyd Douglas Boyd (born 1959, Glasgow, Scotland) is a British oboist and conductor. Biography Boyd studied oboe at the Royal Academy of Music, London, as a pupil of Janet Craxton. He later was a student with Maurice Bourgue in Paris. In 1984 he w ...

). Chamber Orchestra of Europe. (Asv Living Era) * Mozart: Violin Concertos Nos. 3, 5 (with Mayumi Fujikawa). The Japan Philharmonic Symphony Orchestra. (EMI La Voix de son Maitre 2C 065-93594) * Nielsen: Symphony No. 5. Bournemouth Symphony Orchestra. 1975. (EMI ASD 3063) * Nielsen: Symphonies 1–6. Royal Danish Orchestra. June 3, 4, 5, 1987 (Nos. 1, 4). August 17–19, 1989 (Nos. 3, 6). August 15–18, 1988 (Nos. 2, 5). Odd Fellow Hall, Copenhagen. (RCA Victor) * Prokofiev: Summer Night Suite. Bournemouth Symphony Orchestra. 1975. (EMI ASD 3141) * Rachmaninov: Piano Concerto No. 3 (with

Leif Ove Andsnes Leif Ove Andsnes (; born 7 April 1970) is a Norwegian pianist and chamber musician. Andsnes has made several recordings for Virgin and EMI. In 2012, Leif Ove Andsnes has signed to Sony Classical, and recorded for the label the "Beethoven Journe ...

Oslo Philharmonic The Oslo Philharmonic (Oslo-Filharmonien) is a Norwegian symphony orchestra based in Oslo, Norway. The orchestra traces its roots to the Philharmonic Society founded in 1847 and the Christiania Musical Association co-founded by Edvard Grieg in 18 ...

. Live March 1995, Oslo Philharmonic Hall. (EMI) * Rachmaninov: Symphony No. 3 "The Rock". Stockholm Philharmonic. June 20–22, 1988, Philharmonic Hall, Stockholm. (RCA Victor) * Raitio: Moon in Jupiter; Moonlight Alley. Finnish RSO. (Fennica Nova) * Rimsky-Korsakov: The Golden Cockerel Suite. Bournemouth Symphony Orchestra. 1975. (EMI ASD 3141) * Rimsky-Korsakov: May Night Overture; Glazunov: Valse de Concert No. 1; Glinka: Valse Fantaisie; Sibelius: Intermezzo and Alla Marcia from Karelia Suite; Shalaster: Dance "Liana". Bournemouth Symphony Orchestra. (EMI) * Saint-Saens: Piano Concerto No. 2 (with

Emil Gilels Emil Grigoryevich Gilels (Russian: Эми́ль Григо́рьевич Ги́лельс; 19 October 1916 – 14 October 1985) was a Russian pianist. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest pianists of all time. Early life and educatio ...

USSR State Symphony Orchestra The State Academic Symphony Orchestra "Evgeny Svetlanov" (Государственный академический симфонический оркестр России имени Е. Ф. Светланова) is a Russian orchestra based in Mo ...

. December 1951. (Yedang, 2002. YCC-0066) * Schumann: Piano Concerto; Grieg: Piano Concerto (with John Ogdon). New Philharmonia Orchestra. 1972. (EMI ASD 2802) * Sallinen: Chorali. Helsinki Philharmonic Orchestra. (BIS CD-41) * Salmenhaara: Symphony No. 2. Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra. 1966. (Finlandia Classics, FINCLA 27) * Shostakovich: Symphonies 5, 6, 7, 10, 11. Bournemouth Symphony Orchestra. 30–31 July 1975, No. 1 Studio, Abbey Road, London (No. 5). Jan 1974, Guildhall, Southampton (No. 7). 1975 (No. 10). Dec 1978 (No. 11). (EMI) * Shostakovich: Symphony No. 8. Russian National Orchestra. June 2005, DZZ Studio 5, Moscow. (Pentatone) * Shostakovich: Cello Concerto No. 1; Walton: Cello Concerto (with

). Bournemouth Symphony Orchestra. January 7–8, 1973, Southampton Guildhall. (EMI) * Shostakovich: Concerto No. 1 for Piano, Trumpet and Strings (with

Cristina Ortiz Cristina Ortiz (born April 17, 1950, in Bahia) is a Brazilian pianist. Biography Born in Bahia, Brazil, Cristina Ortiz began her studies in her home country before moving to France with Magda Tagliaferro. Soon after finishing her studies in Par ...

and Rodney Senior); Piano Concerto No. 2 (with

); Three Fantastic Dances. Bournemouth Symphony Orchestra. Sep 1975. (EMI) * Shostakovich: Violin Concerto No. 1 (with

Arve Tellefsen Arve Tellefsen () (born 14 December 1936) is a Norwegian violinist who has worked with conductors such as Mariss Jansons, Arvid Jansons, Herbert Blomstedt, Gary Bertini, Evgeny Svetlanov, Bryden Thomson, Neeme Järvi, Esa-Pekka Salonen, Paavo B ...

). Royal Philharmonic Orchestra. (Grappa, Simax) * Shostakovich: Violin Concerto No. 1; Bruch: Violin Concerto no. 1 (with Alena Baeva). Russian National Orchestra. June 2005. (Sotheby´s) * Sibelius: From Kullervo; Kullervon valitus (with Usko Viitanen). Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra. (FUGA 9240) * Sibelius:

En saga ''En saga'' (in Finnish: '; occasionally translated to English as, variously, ''A Fairy Tale'', ''A Saga'', or ''A Legend''), Op. 9, is a single-movement tone poem for orchestra written from 1891 to 1892 by the Finnish ...

;

The Oceanides ''The Oceanides'' (in Finnish: '; literal English translation: ''Nymphs of the Waves'' or ''Spirits of the Waves''; original working title: '' ''; in English: ''Rondo of the Waves''), Op. 73, is a single- movement tone poem for orchestra ...

; Pohjola's Daughter; Luonnotar (with Taru Valjakka); Pelleas et Melisande (excerpts). Bournemouth Symphony Orchestra. (EMI ESD7159) * Sibelius: Pelleas et Melisande; Rakastava. Finnish Chamber Orchestra. Live Tampere Talo, 8 April 1991. (FCO 1001) * Sibelius: Finlandia; Tapiola; The Swan of Tuonela; Lemminkäinen's Return; Valse Triste.

Philharmonia Orchestra The Philharmonia Orchestra is a British orchestra based in London. It was founded in 1945 by Walter Legge, a classical music record producer for EMI. Among the conductors who worked with the orchestra in its early years were Richard Strauss, W ...

. 1983, St. John's Smith Square, London. (EMI ASD 4186) * Sibelius: Finlandia; The Swan of Tuonela; Lemminkäinen's return; Intermezzo from Karelia Suite; Nocturne, Elegie, Musette, Valse Triste from King Kristian II suite. Bournemouth Symphony Orchestra. (EMI 1 C 063-05 011 Q) * Sibelius: Symphonies 2, 7.

. Live Royal Festival Hall 6 Dec. 2003 (No. 7) and 16 Feb. 2005 (No. 2). (LPO 0005) * Sibelius: Symphony No. 4.

Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra The Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra ( nl, Koninklĳk Concertgebouworkest, ) is a Dutch symphony orchestra, based at the Amsterdam Royal Concertgebouw (concert hall). Considered one of the world's leading orchestras, Queen Beatrix conferred the "R ...

. Live 9/11/1991. (Anthology Of The Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra Vol. 6 – Live Radio Recordings 1990–2000) * Sibelius: Symphony No. 4; Sallinen: Mauermusik. Finnish RSO. House of Culture Helsinki, May 1969. (DECCA SXL 6431, Finlandia FA 312) * Sibelius: Symphonies 5, 6; The Swan of Tuonela. London Philharmonic Orchestra. Live May 31, 2003, Royal Festival Hall (No. 5). Live Dec. 6, 2003, Royal Festival Hall (No. 6). Live Sept. 22, 2006, Queen Elizabeth Hall (Swan). (LPO 0065) * Sibelius: Symphony No. 6; The Swan of Tuonela.

Deutsches Symphonie-Orchester Berlin The Deutsches Symphonie-Orchester Berlin (DSO) is a German broadcast orchestra based in Berlin. The orchestra performs its concerts principally in the Philharmonie Berlin. The orchestra is administratively based at the ''Rundfunk Berlin-Branden ...

. Recorded 1970. (ETERNA 00031432BC) * Sibelius: Complete Symphonies 1–7 and Orchestral Works (Including World Premiere Recording of Kullervo Symphony). Bournemouth Symphony Orchestra. 1976 (No. 1). 1978 (No. 2). June 20, 1977 (No. 3). ? (No. 4). June 1973 (No. 5). 1976 (No. 6). 1973 (No. 7). Southampton Guildhall. Dec. 1970, Southampton Guildhall (Kullervo). (EMI) * Sibelius: Complete Symphonies 1–7 with Finlandia, The Oceanides and Kullervo Symphony. Helsinki Philharmonic Orchestra. Feb 1984, All Saints Church Tooting (No. 4). 1985 (Kullervo). May 1986, House of Culture, Helsinki (No. 1). Dec 1986, House of Culture, Helsinki (No. 2). July 1987, House of Culture, Helsinki (No. 3). Dec 1986, House of Culture, Helsinki (No. 5). May 1986, House of Culture, Helsinki (No. 6). Feb 1984, All Saints Church Tooting (No. 7). (EMI) * Sibelius: Complete Symphonies 1–7. Chamber Orchestra of Europe. 10 Oct 1997, RFO Hall Hilversum (Nos. 1, 2, 3). Sep 1995, Watford Colosseum London (Nos. 4, 6, 7). Dec 1996, Nijmegen (No. 5). (Finlandia) * Sibelius: Violin Concerto; Serenades Nos. 1, 2; Humoresque No. 5. (with

). Bournemouth Symphony Orchestra. July 1975, Southampton Guildhall. (EMI) * Sibelius: Violin Concerto; Six Humoresques for Violin and Orchestra (with Heimo Haitto). Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra. 1964. (Finlandia Classics, FINCLA 2) * Sibelius: Violin Concerto (with

). Royal Philharmonic Orchestra. (Simax) * Smetana:

Má Vlast ''Má vlast'' (), also known as ''My Fatherland'', is a set of six symphonic poems composed between 1874 and 1879 by the Czech composer Bedřich Smetana. The six pieces, conceived as individual works, are often presented and recorded as a single ...

. Recorded 1978 at Lukaskirche Dresden. (ETERNA 8 27 199–200) * Strauss Johann Jr: Csardas, op. 441. Finnish National Opera Orchestra. (Ondine ODE 8152) * Strauss: Till Eulenspiegel; Don Juan; Burleske for Piano and Orchestra (with Sergei Edelmann); Serenade for Winds. Stockholm Philharmonic. June 19–22, 1989, Philharmonic Hall, Stockholm. (RCA Victor) * Stravinsky: Concerto for Piano and Wind instruments (with

Olli Mustonen Olli Mustonen (born 7 June 1967 in Vantaa, Finland) is a Finnish pianist, conductor, and composer. Biography Mustonen studied harpsichord and piano from the age of five with Ralf Gothóni and then Eero Heinonen. He studied composition with Ei ...

); Shostakovich: Symphony No. 8. Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra. Live 2001. (Testament Records SBT21500) * Stravinsky: Concerto for Piano and Wind instruments (with

); Rachmaninov; Symphony No. 3 (2nd and 3rd mvts). Avanti Chamber Orchestra. Live in Porvoo 27June-7July 2001. (AVANTICD-4) * Tchaikovsky: Serenade for Strings; Dvorak: Serenade for Strings. New Stockholm Chamber Orchestra. July 14–15, 1983, Stockholm Concert Hall. (BIS CD-243) * Tchaikovsky: 1812 Overture; Symphony No. 4. London Philharmonic Orchestra. February 28, 1998, Watford Colosseum. (SONY) * Vaughan Williams: Symphony No. 4; The Lark Ascending (with Barry Griffiths). Royal Philharmonic Orchestra. October 29–30, 1979, No. 1 Studio, Abbey Road. (EMI ASD 3904) * Vaughan Williams: Symphony No. 6; Oboe Concerto (with

John Williams John Towner Williams (born February 8, 1932)Nylund, Rob (15 November 2022)Classic Connection review ''WBOI'' ("For the second time this year, the Fort Wayne Philharmonic honored American composer, conductor, and arranger John Williams, who wa ...

). Bournemouth Symphony Orchestra. April 1, 1975, Southampton Guildhall. (EMI ASD 3127) * Verdi: Scene with Aida and Amonasro (with Lauri Lahtinen). Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra. (Finlandia Classics 2014. FINCLA10) * Walton: Violin Concerto (with

). Bournemouth Symphony Orchestra. 1978, Southampton Guildhall. (EMI ASD3843 CDM 764202 2)

Selected video recordings

* Beethoven: Piano Concerto No. 3; Grieg: Piano Concerto (with

). Philharmonia Orchestra (Beethoven). Finnish RSO (Grieg). Live Finlandia Hall Helsinki 1983 and 1984. (VAI DVD DVDVAI4472) * Sibelius: Complete Symphonies. Chamber Orchestra of Europe. Live Finlandia Hall, 23–25 August 1998, Helsinki. (ICA Classics. ICAD 5162). 2 x DVD.

Selected published works

* A comparative study of the printed score and the manuscript of the seventh symphony of Sibelius. Acta Musica V. Studies Published by Sibelius Museum. Institute of Musicology,

Åbo Akademi University Åbo Akademi University ( sv, Åbo Akademi , ) is the only exclusively Swedish language multi-faculty university in Finland (or anywhere outside Sweden). It is located mainly in Turku (Åbo is the Swedish name of the city) but has also activiti ...

, Turku, Finland, 1970. 33 pages.

Selected first performances

* Bergman, Erik: Simbolo Op. 52, 1960. 2232/4330/13/1, celesta, strings. Duration: 11'. — Commissioned by the Finnish Broadcasting Company. Publisher: Edition Wilhelm Hansen. First Performance: Finnish RSO, cond. Paavo Berglund, Helsinki, March 14, 1961. *Kokkonen, Joonas: Opus sonorum, 1964. 2232/4320, piano, strings. Duration: 12'. — Publisher: Fennica Gehrman. First Performance: Sibelius Centenary Concert, Finnish RSO, cond. Paavo Berglund, Helsinki (Finland), 16 Feb 1965. * Kokkonen, Joonas: Sinfonisia luonnoksia (Symphonic Sketches), 1968. 3232/4331/12/1, strings. Duration: 14'. — Publisher: Fennica Gehrman. First Performance: Finnish RSO, cond. Paavo Berglund, Helsinki (Finland), 16 May 1968. * Kokkonen, Joonas: Symphony No. 1, 1960. 3333/4330/10, strings. Duration: 23'. — Publisher: Fennica Gehrman. First Performance: Finnish RSO, cond. Paavo Berglund, Helsinki (Finland), 15 Mar 1960. * Kokkonen, Joonas: Symphony No. 2, 1961. 3333/4330/10/1, strings. Duration: 22'. — Publisher: Fennica Gehrman. First Performance: Finnish RSO, cond. Paavo Berglund, Helsinki (Finland), 18 April 1961. * Kokkonen, Joonas: Symphony No. 3, 1967. 4333/4330/00/1, celesta and piano, strings. Duration: 21'. — Publisher: Fennica Gehrman. First Performance: 40th anniversary concert of the Finnish RSO. Finnish RSO, cond. Paavo Berglund, Helsinki (Finland), 12 Sep 1967. * Kokkonen, Joonas: Symphony No. 4, 1971. 4333/4330/13/1, strings. Duration: 22'. — Commissioned by the Finnish Broadcasting Company. Publisher: G. Schirmer Inc. First Performance: Finnish RSO, cond. Paavo Berglund, Helsinki (Finland), 16 Nov 1971. * Meriläinen, Usko: Chamber Concerto, 1962. Solo violin, percussion (2 players) and double string orchestra. Duration: 18'. — First Performance: Tuomas Haapanen, violin, Finnish RSO, cond. Paavo Berglund, Helsinki, October 22, 1964. * Meriläinen, Usko: Suite No. 1 from the ballet Arius, 1960. 3233/4331/12/0, piano, strings. Duration: 21'. — First Performance: Finnish RSO, cond. Paavo Berglund, Helsinki, October 24, 1961. * Meriläinen, Usko: Symphony No. 2, 1964. 2222/4220/12/1, strings. Duration: 22'. — Commissioned by the Finnish Broadcasting Company. Publisher: Bote & Bock. First Performance: Finnish RSO, cond. Paavo Berglund, Helsinki, November 10, 1964. * Nordgren, Pehr Henrik: Agnus Dei Op. 15, 1971. Soprano, baritone, mixed choir and orchestra. Texts: Karelian folk poem, pamphlet of the Finnish Association for Nature Conservation. Basho, Einari Vuorela, Lauri Viita and Tu An-shih. Duration: 60'. — Commissioned by the Finnish Broadcasting Company. First Performance: Taru Valjakka, soprano, Matti Lehtinen, baritone, Finnish RSO and Choir, cond. Paavo Berglund, Helsinki, May 11, 1971. * Rautavaara, Einojuhani: Canto I, 1960. Duration: 6'. — Publisher: Fennica Gehrman. First Performance: Finnish RSO, cond. Paavo Berglund, Helsinki, March 7, 1967. * Rautavaara, Einojuhani: Concerto for Piano and Orchestra No. 1, 1969. Solo piano + 2020/4220/11, strings. Duration: 21'. — Commissioned by the Finnish Broadcasting Company. Publisher: Breitkopf & Härtel. First Performance: Einojuhani Rautavaara, piano, Finnish RSO, cond. Paavo Berglund, Helsinki Festival, May 29, 1970. * Rautavaara, Einojuhani: Symphony No. 3, 1961. 2222/2231, 4 Wagner tubas/10, strings. Duration: 33'. — Publisher: Fennica Gehrman. First Performance: Finnish RSO, cond. Paavo Berglund, Helsinki, April 10, 1962. * Rautavaara, Einojuhani: Symphony No. 4 (original work), 1964/1968. ithdrawn. Arabescata (1962) named as Symphony no. 4 in 1986 — First Performance (original version): Helsinki Philharmonic Orchestra, cond. Jorma Panula, Helsinki, February 26, 1956. First Performance (second version): Finnish RSO, cond. Paavo Berglund, Helsinki, February 24, 1970. * Sallinen, Aulis: Concerto for Chamber Orchestra Op. 3, 1959–1960. 1(1)121/1000/00, strings. Duration: 22'. — Publisher: Novello. First Performance: Finnish RSO, cond. Paavo Berglund, Helsinki, November 15, 1960. * Salmenhaara, Erkki: Suomi – Finland, 1966. 2222/4330/11, harp, strings. Duration: 18'. — Commissioned by the Finnish Broadcasting Company. Distributor: Fimic. First Performance: Finnish RSO, cond. Paavo Berglund, Helsinki, October 31, 1967.

References

External links

* * * * * * * * * * * *
YLE (Finnish Broadcasting Company) Documentary from 1979. Video footage from rehearsals with Bournemouth Symphony Orchestra and Helsinki Philharmonic. Spoken Finnish and English
{{DEFAULTSORT:Berglund, Paavo 1929 births 2012 deaths Finnish conductors (music) Musicians from Helsinki People of the Royal Stockholm Philharmonic Orchestra Honorary Officers of the Order of the British Empire Burials at Hietaniemi Cemetery