SP30 is a Polish series of

diesel Diesel may refer to: * Diesel engine, an internal combustion engine where ignition is caused by compression * Diesel fuel, a liquid fuel used in diesel engines * Diesel locomotive, a railway locomotive in which the prime mover is a diesel engin ...

passenger locomotives used by

PKP PKP may stand for: Organizations * Partido Komunista ng Pilipinas-1930, original Filipino communist party * Partido Komunista ng Pilipinas, underground Filipino Maoist party * Phi Kappa Phi, oldest all-discipline honor society in the United Stat ...

History

In the 1970s 107 items of SM30 class locomotives were modified to heat old passenger wagons, which were modernized with 500V electric heaters, and as a result their designation was changed to SP30 (meaning a diesel locomotive able to pull passenger trains). Bogdan Pokropiński, ''Lokomotywy spalinowe produkcji polskiej'', WKiŁ, Warsaw, 2009, , p. 69-72 A prototype locomotive, SM30-232 was converted in 1970. Then, in 1974-1977, 106 locomotives were converted this way by the ZNTK Nowy Sącz (of those, 75 in 1974). They retained their original SM30 class numbers. Those machines remained in regular service until the late 1980s. Because of a withdrawal of old wagons, in 2000 all of them were again, after dismounting heating systems, returned to SM30 series. A similar modification was applied to

SM42 SM42 is the PKP classification system, PKP class for a Polish switcher, shunter diesel locomotive for shunting and light freight traffic, built by Fablok in Chrzanów (manufacturer's designation is Ls800E, designer's designation 6D). History Th ...

class, resulting in the SU42 class.

Technical data

SP30 is a Bo′Bo′ locomotive, what means it runs on two

bogie A bogie ( ) (in some senses called a truck in North American English) is a chassis or framework that carries a wheelset, attached to a vehicle—a modular subassembly of wheels and axles. Bogies take various forms in various modes of transp ...

s, each equipped with two

axle An axle or axletree is a central shaft for a rotating wheel or gear. On wheeled vehicles, the axle may be fixed to the wheels, rotating with them, or fixed to the vehicle, with the wheels rotating around the axle. In the former case, bearing ...

s. The general construction of this engine is relatively simple. The locomotive frame is constructed of

steel Steel is an alloy made up of iron with added carbon to improve its strength and fracture resistance compared to other forms of iron. Many other elements may be present or added. Stainless steels that are corrosion- and oxidation-resistant ty ...

rolled

former A former is an object, such as a template, gauge or cutting die, which is used to form something such as a boat's hull. Typically, a former gives shape to a structure that may have complex curvature. A former may become an integral part of the ...

s. Ball stub-axles are mounted to strend girders, that make welded box construction. Power unit, composed of a

diesel engine The diesel engine, named after Rudolf Diesel, is an internal combustion engine in which ignition of the fuel is caused by the elevated temperature of the air in the cylinder due to mechanical compression; thus, the diesel engine is a so-call ...

and main alternator, is mounted on parallel girders. The engine is connected to main alternator with an elastic

clutch A clutch is a mechanical device that engages and disengages power transmission, especially from a drive shaft to a driven shaft. In the simplest application, clutches connect and disconnect two rotating shafts (drive shafts or line shafts). ...

. Four

traction motor A traction motor is an electric motor used for propulsion of a vehicle, such as locomotives, electric vehicle, electric or hydrogen vehicles, elevators or electric multiple unit. Traction motors are used in electrically powered rail vehicles (ele ...

s (two on each bogie) are mounted with a tram system. Traction motors can be powered in

series connection Terminal (electronics), Two-terminal components and electrical networks can be connected in series or parallel. The resulting electrical network will have two terminals, and itself can participate in a series or parallel Topology (electrical cir ...

parallel connection Two-terminal components and electrical networks can be connected in series or parallel. The resulting electrical network will have two terminals, and itself can participate in a series or parallel topology. Whether a two-terminal "object" is a ...

and parallel connection with field reduction of 40 to 60%. Traction motors are series devices with 60 kW hour power. Main alternator (PABOM-186a type) is a DC machine with 600 V and 367 A. Its power rating whilst working with 1500 rpm. is 220 kW. During engine starting the main alternator serves as electric starter, powered from the

battery Battery most often refers to: * Electric battery, a device that provides electrical power * Battery (crime), a crime involving unlawful physical contact Battery may also refer to: Energy source *Automotive battery, a device to provide power t ...

. For the purposes of enlighting the locomotive and charging batteries an additional alternator (Pw-114a type) is used. The only difference between SM30 and SP30 classes is a device to provide wagons with power from the main alternator. This device allowed the locomotive to heat up to three two-axled

carriage A carriage is a private four-wheeled vehicle for people and is most commonly horse-drawn. Second-hand private carriages were common public transport, the equivalent of modern cars used as taxis. Carriage suspensions are by leather strapping an ...

References

{{PKP Locomotives Diesel-electric locomotives of Poland Fablok locomotives Bo′Bo′ locomotives Standard gauge locomotives of Poland Railway locomotives introduced in 1970