SM30 is a Polish series of

diesel Diesel may refer to: * Diesel engine, an internal combustion engine where ignition is caused by compression * Diesel fuel, a liquid fuel used in diesel engines * Diesel locomotive, a railway locomotive in which the prime mover is a diesel engin ...

shunting locomotives used by PKP and industry, built by

Fablok Fablok is a Polish manufacturer of locomotives, based in Chrzanów. Until 1947 the official name was ''First Factory of Locomotives in Poland Ltd.'' ( pl, Pierwsza Fabryka Lokomotyw w Polsce Sp. Akc.), Fablok being a widely used syllabic abbreviat ...

Chrzanów Chrzanów () is a town in southern Poland with 35,651 inhabitants as of December 2021. It is situated in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship (since 1999) and is the seat of Chrzanów County. History History to 1809 It is impossible to establish ...

(factory designation Ls300E). They were also used for a local traffic.

History

SM30 locomotive is the first Polish diesel locomotive equipped with

electrical transmission Electric power transmission is the bulk movement of electrical energy from a generating site, such as a power plant, to an electrical substation. The interconnected lines that facilitate this movement form a ''transmission network''. This is d ...

. A design was worked out by the Central Rolling Stock Industry Construction Bureau in Poznań. The prototype was constructed in

in 1957. 909 items were built in 1957-1970, 302 of them found place in PKP, the rest worked in the industry (with designations Ls300 or SM30).Bogdan Pokropiński, ''Lokomotywy spalinowe produkcji polskiej'', WKiŁ, Warsaw, 2009, , p. 69-72 The locomotive was also known under its project designation 1D or early PKP designation Lwe55 (until 1960). In the 1970s, 109 items of SM30 locomotive were modified for

heating A central heating system provides warmth to a number of spaces within a building from one main source of heat. It is a component of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (short: HVAC) systems, which can both cool and warm interior spaces. ...

passenger wagons with 500 V electric heaters, and as a result their class designation was changed to SP30 (able to pull passenger trains). Those machines remained in regular service until the late 1980s. In 2000 all of them were again, after dismounting heating systems, returned to SM30 series.

Technical data

SM30 is a

Bo′Bo′ B-B and Bo-Bo are the Association of American Railroads (AAR) and British classifications of wheel arrangement for railway locomotives with four axles in two individual bogies. They are equivalent to the B′B′ and Bo′Bo′ classifications i ...

locomotive, what means it runs on two bogies, each equipped with two axles. The general construction of this engine is relatively simple. Being the pioneer machine in the Polish

railway Rail transport (also known as train transport) is a means of transport that transfers passengers and goods on wheeled vehicles running on rails, which are incorporated in tracks. In contrast to road transport, where the vehicles run on a pre ...

industry, it incorporated many solutions from other branches of industry, i.e. the first engine to be mounted, Wola V-300, was taken from

tank A tank is an armoured fighting vehicle intended as a primary offensive weapon in front-line ground combat. Tank designs are a balance of heavy firepower, strong armour, and good battlefield mobility provided by tracks and a powerful engi ...

construction, main

DC current Direct current (DC) is one-directional flow of electric charge. An electrochemical cell is a prime example of DC power. Direct current may flow through a conductor such as a wire, but can also flow through semiconductors, insulators, or even ...

generator was in fact stationery generator and

traction motor A traction motor is an electric motor used for propulsion of a vehicle, such as locomotives, electric or hydrogen vehicles, elevators or electric multiple unit. Traction motors are used in electrically powered rail vehicles ( electric multiple ...

s were taken from

tram A tram (called a streetcar or trolley in North America) is a rail vehicle that travels on tramway tracks on public urban streets; some include segments on segregated right-of-way. The tramlines or networks operated as public transport are ...

s. As the first Polish locomotive with diesel-electric transmission it proved the high efficiency of that solution and was quite successful. The

locomotive frame A locomotive frame is the structure that forms the backbone of the railway locomotive, giving it strength and supporting the superstructure elements such as a cab, boiler or bodywork. The vast majority of locomotives have had a frame structure o ...

is constructed of steel rolled formers. Ball stub-axles are mounted to strend girders, that make

welded Welding is a fabrication process that joins materials, usually metals or thermoplastics, by using high heat to melt the parts together and allowing them to cool, causing fusion. Welding is distinct from lower temperature techniques such as braz ...

box construction. A power unit, composed of a

diesel engine The diesel engine, named after Rudolf Diesel, is an internal combustion engine in which ignition of the fuel is caused by the elevated temperature of the air in the cylinder due to mechanical compression; thus, the diesel engine is a so-ca ...

and main generator, is mounted on parallel girders. The engine is connected to main generator with an elastic clutch. Four

s (two on each bogie) are mounted with a tram system. Traction motors can be powered in

series connection Terminal (electronics), Two-terminal components and electrical networks can be connected in series or parallel. The resulting electrical network will have two terminals, and itself can participate in a series or parallel Topology (electrical cir ...

parallel connection Two-terminal components and electrical networks can be connected in series or parallel. The resulting electrical network will have two terminals, and itself can participate in a series or parallel topology. Whether a two-terminal "object" is a ...

and parallel connection with field reduction of 40 to 60%.

Traction motor A traction motor is an electric motor used for propulsion of a vehicle, such as locomotives, electric or hydrogen vehicles, elevators or electric multiple unit. Traction motors are used in electrically powered rail vehicles ( electric multiple ...

s are series devices with hour power. Main generator (PABOM-186a type) is a DC machine with 600 V and 367 A. Its power rating whilst working with 1500

rpm Revolutions per minute (abbreviated rpm, RPM, rev/min, r/min, or with the notation min−1) is a unit of rotational speed or rotational frequency for rotating machines. Standards ISO 80000-3:2019 defines a unit of rotation as the dimensionl ...

. is . During engine starting the main generator serves as

electric starter A starter (also self-starter, cranking motor, or starter motor) is a device used to rotate (crank) an internal-combustion engine so as to initiate the engine's operation under its own power. Starters can be electric, pneumatic, or hydraulic. T ...

, powered from the

battery Battery most often refers to: * Electric battery, a device that provides electrical power * Battery (crime), a crime involving unlawful physical contact Battery may also refer to: Energy source *Automotive battery, a device to provide power t ...

. For the purposes of lighting the locomotive and charging batteries an additional generator (Pw-114a type) is used. SM30 locomotives had two types of diesel engine mounted. Wola V-300 and 2DVSa-350 (from 1962) 12-cylinder engines had powers, respectively: . Neutral gear rotation is 600 rpm. and rated rev is 1500 rpm.

References

{{PKP Locomotives Railway locomotives introduced in 1957 Fablok locomotives Bo′Bo′ locomotives Diesel-electric locomotives of Poland Standard gauge locomotives of Poland Shunting locomotives