The following

outline Outline or outlining may refer to: * Outline (list), a document summary, in hierarchical list format * Code folding, a method of hiding or collapsing code or text to see content in outline form * Outline drawing, a sketch depicting the outer edge ...

is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Greece:

Greece Greece,, or , romanized: ', officially the Hellenic Republic, is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the southern tip of the Balkans, and is located at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa. Greece shares land borders with ...

–

sovereign country A sovereign state or sovereign country, is a political entity represented by one central government that has supreme legitimate authority over territory. International law defines sovereign states as having a permanent population, defined terri ...

located on the southern end of the

Balkan Peninsula The Balkans ( ), also known as the Balkan Peninsula, is a geographical area in southeastern Europe with various geographical and historical definitions. The region takes its name from the Balkan Mountains that stretch throughout the who ...

Southern Europe Southern Europe is the southern regions of Europe, region of Europe. It is also known as Mediterranean Europe, as its geography is essentially marked by the Mediterranean Sea. Definitions of Southern Europe include some or all of these countrie ...

. Greece borders

Albania Albania ( ; sq, Shqipëri or ), or , also or . officially the Republic of Albania ( sq, Republika e Shqipërisë), is a country in Southeastern Europe. It is located on the Adriatic and Ionian Seas within the Mediterranean Sea and shares ...

Bulgaria Bulgaria (; bg, България, Bǎlgariya), officially the Republic of Bulgaria,, ) is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the eastern flank of the Balkans, and is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and North Macedon ...

, and

North Macedonia North Macedonia, ; sq, Maqedonia e Veriut, (Macedonia before February 2019), officially the Republic of North Macedonia,, is a country in Southeast Europe. It gained independence in 1991 as one of the successor states of Socialist Feder ...

to the north, and

Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with ...

to the east. The

Aegean Sea The Aegean Sea ; tr, Ege Denizi (Greek language, Greek: Αιγαίο Πέλαγος: "Egéo Pélagos", Turkish language, Turkish: "Ege Denizi" or "Adalar Denizi") is an elongated embayment of the Mediterranean Sea between Europe and Asia. It ...

lies to the east and south of mainland Greece, while the

Ionian Sea The Ionian Sea ( el, Ιόνιο Πέλαγος, ''Iónio Pélagos'' ; it, Mar Ionio ; al, Deti Jon ) is an elongated bay of the Mediterranean Sea. It is connected to the Adriatic Sea to the north, and is bounded by Southern Italy, including C ...

lies to the west. Both parts of the Eastern

Mediterranean The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Western and Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, and on the e ...

basin feature a vast number of

islands An island (or isle) is an isolated piece of habitat that is surrounded by a dramatically different habitat, such as water. Very small islands such as emergent land features on atolls can be called islets, skerries, cays or keys. An island ...

. Greece lies at the juncture of

Europe Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a Continent#Subcontinents, subcontinent of Eurasia ...

Asia Asia (, ) is one of the world's most notable geographical regions, which is either considered a continent in its own right or a subcontinent of Eurasia, which shares the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with Africa. Asia covers an area ...

and

Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area ...

. It is heir to the heritages of

ancient Greece Ancient Greece ( el, Ἑλλάς, Hellás) was a northeastern Mediterranean civilization, existing from the Greek Dark Ages of the 12th–9th centuries BC to the end of classical antiquity ( AD 600), that comprised a loose collection of cult ...

, the

Roman Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy *Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD *Roman people, the people of ancient Rome *''Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a letter ...

and

Byzantine Empire The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire or Byzantium, was the continuation of the Roman Empire primarily in its eastern provinces during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, when its capital city was Constantinopl ...

s, and nearly four centuries of Ottoman rule. Greece is the birthplace of

democracy Democracy (From grc, δημοκρατία, dēmokratía, ''dēmos'' 'people' and ''kratos'' 'rule') is a form of government in which the people have the authority to deliberate and decide legislation (" direct democracy"), or to choose gov ...

, Western

philosophy Philosophy (from , ) is the systematized study of general and fundamental questions, such as those about existence, reason, knowledge, values, mind, and language. Such questions are often posed as problems to be studied or resolved. Some ...

, the

Olympic Games The modern Olympic Games or Olympics (french: link=no, Jeux olympiques) are the leading international sporting events featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of athletes from around the world participate in a var ...

(for this reason, unless it is the host nation, it always leads the

Parade of Nations The Olympic Games ceremonies of the Ancient Olympic Games were an integral part of these Games; the modern Olympic games have opening, closing, and medal ceremonies. Some of the elements of the modern ceremonies date back to the Ancient Games from ...

in accordance with tradition begun at the

1928 Amsterdam Olympics The 1928 Summer Olympics ( nl, Olympische Zomerspelen 1928), officially known as the Games of the IX Olympiad ( nl, Spelen van de IXe Olympiade) and commonly known as Amsterdam 1928, was an international multi-sport event that was celebrated from ...

Western literature Western literature, also known as European literature, is the literature written in the context of Western culture in the languages of Europe, as well as several geographically or historically related languages such as Basque and Hungarian, an ...

and

historiography Historiography is the study of the methods of historians in developing history as an academic discipline, and by extension is any body of historical work on a particular subject. The historiography of a specific topic covers how historians ha ...

political science Political science is the scientific study of politics. It is a social science dealing with systems of governance and power, and the analysis of political activities, political thought, political behavior, and associated constitutions and la ...

, major scientific and

mathematical Mathematics is an area of knowledge that includes the topics of numbers, formulas and related structures, shapes and the spaces in which they are contained, and quantities and their changes. These topics are represented in modern mathematics ...

principles, and Western

drama Drama is the specific mode of fiction represented in performance: a play, opera, mime, ballet, etc., performed in a theatre, or on radio or television.Elam (1980, 98). Considered as a genre of poetry in general, the dramatic mode has been ...

including both

tragedy Tragedy (from the grc-gre, τραγῳδία, ''tragōidia'', ''tragōidia'') is a genre of drama based on human suffering and, mainly, the terrible or sorrowful events that befall a main character. Traditionally, the intention of tragedy ...

and

comedy Comedy is a genre of fiction that consists of discourses or works intended to be humorous or amusing by inducing laughter, especially in theatre, film, stand-up comedy, television, radio, books, or any other entertainment medium. The term o ...

. Greece is a

developed country A developed country (or industrialized country, high-income country, more economically developed country (MEDC), advanced country) is a sovereign state that has a high quality of life, developed economy and advanced technological infrastruct ...

, a member of the

European Union The European Union (EU) is a supranational political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe. The union has a total area of and an estimated total population of about 447million. The EU has often been des ...

since 1981, a member of the

Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union The economic and monetary union (EMU) of the European Union is a group of policies aimed at converging the economies of member states of the European Union at three stages. There are three stages of the EMU, each of which consists of progr ...

since 2001,

NATO The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO, ; french: Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord, ), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between 30 member states – 28 European and two No ...

since 1952, the

OECD The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD; french: Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques, ''OCDE'') is an intergovernmental organisation with 38 member countries, founded in 1961 to stimulate e ...

since 1961, the

WEU The Western European Union (WEU; french: Union de l'Europe occidentale, UEO; german: Westeuropäische Union, WEU) was the international organisation and military alliance that succeeded the Western Union (WU) after the 1954 amendment of the 1948 ...

since 1995 and

ESA , owners = , headquarters = Paris, Île-de-France, France , coordinates = , spaceport = Guiana Space Centre , seal = File:ESA emblem seal.png , seal_size = 130px , image = Views in the Main Control Room (1205 ...

since 2005.

Athens Athens ( ; el, Αθήνα, Athína ; grc, Ἀθῆναι, Athênai (pl.) ) is both the capital and largest city of Greece. With a population close to four million, it is also the seventh largest city in the European Union. Athens dominates ...

is the capital;

Thessaloniki Thessaloniki (; el, Θεσσαλονίκη, , also known as Thessalonica (), Saloniki, or Salonica (), is the second-largest city in Greece, with over one million inhabitants in its Thessaloniki metropolitan area, metropolitan area, and the capi ...

Patras ) , demographics_type1 = , demographics1_footnotes = , demographics1_title1 = , demographics1_info1 = , demographics1_title2 = , demographics1_info2 = , timezone1 = EET , utc_offset1 = +2 , ...

Heraklion Heraklion or Iraklion ( ; el, Ηράκλειο, , ) is the largest city and the administrative capital of the island of Crete and capital of Heraklion regional unit. It is the fourth largest city in Greece with a population of 211,370 (Urban A ...

Volos Volos ( el, Βόλος ) is a coastal port city in Thessaly situated midway on the Greek mainland, about north of Athens and south of Thessaloniki. It is the sixth most populous city of Greece, and the capital of the Magnesia regional unit ...

Ioannina Ioannina ( el, Ιωάννινα ' ), often called Yannena ( ' ) within Greece, is the capital and largest city of the Ioannina regional unit and of Epirus, an administrative region in north-western Greece. According to the 2011 census, the c ...

Larissa Larissa (; el, Λάρισα, , ) is the capital and largest city of the Thessaly region in Greece. It is the fifth-most populous city in Greece with a population of 144,651 according to the 2011 census. It is also capital of the Larissa regiona ...

and

Kavala Kavala ( el, Καβάλα, ''Kavála'' ) is a city in northern Greece, the principal seaport of eastern Macedonia and the capital of Kavala regional unit. It is situated on the Bay of Kavala, across from the island of Thasos and on the Egnat ...

are some of the country's other major cities.

General reference

* Pronunciation: * Common English country name:

* Official English country name: The

Hellenic Republic Greece,, or , romanized: ', officially the Hellenic Republic, is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the southern tip of the Balkans, and is located at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa. Greece shares land borders with ...

* Common

endonym An endonym (from Greek: , 'inner' + , 'name'; also known as autonym) is a common, ''native'' name for a geographical place, group of people, individual person, language or dialect, meaning that it is used inside that particular place, group, ...

(s): (''Ellas'', archaic); (''Ellada'') * Official endonym(s): (''Elliniki Dimokratia'') *

Adjectives In linguistics, an adjective (abbreviated ) is a word that generally modifies a noun or noun phrase or describes its referent. Its semantic role is to change information given by the noun. Traditionally, adjectives were considered one of the mai ...

Greek Greek may refer to: Greece Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group. *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family. **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor ...

Grecian The Greeks or Hellenes (; el, Έλληνες, ''Éllines'' ) are an ethnic group and nation indigenous to the Eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea regions, namely Greece, Cyprus, Albania, Italy, Turkey, Egypt, and, to a lesser extent, other ...

, Hellenic *

Demonym A demonym (; ) or gentilic () is a word that identifies a group of people (inhabitants, residents, natives) in relation to a particular place. Demonyms are usually derived from the name of the place (hamlet, village, town, city, region, province, ...

Etymology Etymology ()The New Oxford Dictionary of English (1998) – p. 633 "Etymology /ˌɛtɪˈmɒlədʒi/ the study of the class in words and the way their meanings have changed throughout time". is the study of the history of the Phonological chan ...

Name of Greece The name of Greece differs in Greek compared with the names used for the country in other languages and cultures, just like the names of the Greeks. The ancient and modern name of the country is ''Hellas'' or ''Hellada'' ( el, Ελλάς, Ελ� ...

* International rankings of Greece *

ISO country codes ISO 3166-1 (''Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions – Part 1: Country codes'') is a standard defining codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, and special areas of geographical interest. It ...

: GR, GRC, 300 *

ISO region codes ISO 3166-2 is part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and defines codes for identifying the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1. The ...

: See ISO 3166-2:GR *

Internet The Internet (or internet) is the global system of interconnected computer networks that uses the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to communicate between networks and devices. It is a '' network of networks'' that consists of private, pub ...

country code top-level domain A country code top-level domain (ccTLD) is an Internet top-level domain generally used or reserved for a country, sovereign state, or dependent territory identified with a country code. All ASCII ccTLD identifiers are two letters long, and all t ...

.gr .gr is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Greece. Registrations are processed via accredited registrars and domain names in Greek characters may also be registered. Second level domains There are five official second level domains: ...

Geography of Greece

Geography of Greece Greece is a country of the Balkans, in Southeastern Europe, bordered to the north by Albania, North Macedonia and Bulgaria; to the east by Turkey, and is surrounded to the east by the Aegean Sea, to the south by the Cretan and the Libyan Seas, an ...

* Greece is: a

country A country is a distinct part of the world, such as a state, nation, or other political entity. It may be a sovereign state or make up one part of a larger state. For example, the country of Japan is an independent, sovereign state, while the ...

* Location: **

Northern Hemisphere The Northern Hemisphere is the half of Earth that is north of the Equator. For other planets in the Solar System, north is defined as being in the same celestial hemisphere relative to the invariable plane of the solar system as Earth's Nort ...

and

Eastern Hemisphere The Eastern Hemisphere is the half of the planet Earth which is east of the prime meridian (which crosses Greenwich, London, United Kingdom) and west of the antimeridian (which crosses the Pacific Ocean and relatively little land from pole to pol ...

Eurasia Eurasia (, ) is the largest continental area on Earth, comprising all of Europe and Asia. Primarily in the Northern and Eastern Hemispheres, it spans from the British Isles and the Iberian Peninsula in the west to the Japanese archipelago a ...

***

****

*****

Balkans The Balkans ( ), also known as the Balkan Peninsula, is a geographical area in southeastern Europe with various geographical and historical definitions. The region takes its name from the Balkan Mountains that stretch throughout the who ...

(also known as "Southeastern Europe") ****

Western Europe Western Europe is the western region of Europe. The region's countries and territories vary depending on context. The concept of "the West" appeared in Europe in juxtaposition to "the East" and originally applied to the ancient Mediterranean ...

Time zone A time zone is an area which observes a uniform standard time for legal, Commerce, commercial and social purposes. Time zones tend to follow the boundaries between Country, countries and their Administrative division, subdivisions instead of ...

Eastern European Time Eastern European Time (EET) is one of the names of UTC+02:00 time zone, 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. The zone uses daylight saving time, so that it uses UTC+03:00 during the summer. A number of African countries use UTC+0 ...

(

UTC+02 UTC+02:00 is an identifier for a time offset from UTC of +02:00. In ISO 8601, the associated time would be written as 2020-11-08T23:41:45+02:00. This time is used in: As standard time (year-round) ''Principal cities: Cairo, Pretoria, Cape ...

Eastern European Summer Time Eastern European Summer Time (EEST) is one of the names of the UTC+03:00 time zone, which is 3 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. It is used as a summer daylight saving time in some European and Middle Eastern countries, which makes it ...

(

UTC+03 UTC+03:00 is an identifier for a time offset from UTC of +03:00. In areas using this time offset, the time is three hours later than the Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). Following the ISO 8601 standard, a time with this offset would be wri ...

) **

Extreme points of Greece This is a list of the extreme points of Greece, the points that are farther north, south, east or west than any other location. Mainland *Northernmost point — Trigono/Ormenio Border Crossing, Evros regional unit () *Northernmost settle ...

*** High:

Mount Olympus Mount Olympus (; el, Όλυμπος, Ólympos, also , ) is the highest mountain in Greece. It is part of the Olympus massif near the Thermaic Gulf of the Aegean Sea, located in the Olympus Range on the border between Thessaly and Macedonia, be ...

*** Low:

Mediterranean Sea The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Western and Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, and on the ea ...

0 m ** Land boundaries: 1,228 km :: 494 km :: 282 km :: 246 km :: 206 km :* Coastline: 13,676 km * Population of Greece: 11,306,183 (January 1, 2010) - 73rd most populous country * * Area of Greece: 131,990 km² * Atlas of Greece

Environment of Greece

Environment of Greece *

Climate of Greece The climate in Greece is predominantly Mediterranean climate, Mediterranean. However, due to the country's Geography of Greece, geography, Greece has a wide range of microclimate, micro-climates and local variations. The Greek mainland is extreme ...

* Environmental issues in Greece *

Renewable energy in Greece A renewable resource, also known as a flow resource, is a natural resource which will replenish to replace the portion depleted by usage and consumption, either through natural reproduction or other recurring processes in a finite amount of ti ...

* Protected areas of Greece **

National parks of Greece Greece is characterized by an extremely fragmented, rugged landscape hosting a great diversity of ecosystems and an outstanding biodiversity. Almost 5% of its extensive coastline consists of ecologically sensitive wetlands. Two thirds of the total ...

* Wildlife of Greece ** Fauna of Greece *** Birds of Greece *** Mammals of Greece

Natural geographic features of Greece

Thessaloniki waterfront - Greece - panoramio

Agrinio, Etolio-Acarnania Prefecture, Greece - city by evening

* Caves in Greece *

Islands of Greece Greece has many islands, with estimates ranging from somewhere around 1,200 to 6,000, depending on the minimum size to take into account. The number of inhabited islands is variously cited as between 166 and 227. The largest Greek island by a ...

Lakes of Greece This is a list of lakes of Greece. Natural lakes of Greece * Central Greece **Lake Amvrakia ** Lake Dystos, Euboea, presently largely drained **Lake Lysimachia ** Lake Ozeros ** Lake Saltini ** Lake Voulkaria **Lake Yliki **Lake Trichonida **La ...

Mountains of Greece A mountain is an elevated portion of the Earth's crust, generally with steep sides that show significant exposed bedrock. Although definitions vary, a mountain may differ from a plateau in having a limited summit area, and is usually higher th ...

** Volcanoes in Greece *

Rivers of Greece This is a list of rivers that are at least partially in Greece. The rivers flowing into the sea are sorted along the coast. Rivers flowing into other rivers are listed by the rivers they flow into. The confluence is given in parentheses. For an a ...

List of World Heritage Sites in Greece The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) designates World Heritage Sites of outstanding universal value to cultural or natural heritage which have been nominated by countries which are signatories to the UNES ...

Regions of Greece

Ecoregions of Greece

List of ecoregions in Greece {{Short description, none The following is a list of ecoregions in Greece as identified by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF). Terrestrial Greece is in the Palearctic realm. Ecoregions are listed by biome. Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests *B ...

Administrative divisions of Greece

Administrative divisions of Greece Following the implementation on 1 January 2011 of the Kallikratis Plan, the administrative divisions of Greece consist of two main levels: the regions and the municipalities. In addition, a number of decentralized administrations overseeing th ...

Administrative regions of Greece Administration may refer to: Management of organizations * Management, the act of directing people towards accomplishing a goal ** Administrative Assistant, traditionally known as a Secretary, or also known as an administrative officer, adminis ...

Regional units of Greece The 74 regional units of Greece ( el, περιφερειακές ενότητες, ; sing. , ) are the country's Seventy-four second-level administrative units. They are divisions of the country's 13 regions, and are further divided into municipa ...

***

Municipalities of Greece The municipalities of Greece ( el, δήμοι, translit=dímoi ) are the lowest level of government within the organizational structure of the state. As of 2021, there are 332 municipalities, further divided into 1036 municipal units and 6136 co ...

= Administrative regions of Greece

Modern regions of Greece The regions of Greece ( el, περιφέρειες, translit=periféries) are the country's thirteen first-level administrative entities, each comprising several second-level units, originally known as prefectures and, since 2011, as regional u ...

= Regional units of Greece

= Municipalities of Greece

Municipalities and communities of Greece The municipalities of Greece ( el, δήμοι, translit=dímoi ) are the lowest level of government within the organizational structure of the state. As of 2021, there are 332 municipality, municipalities, further divided into 1036 municipal uni ...

Capital Capital may refer to: Common uses * Capital city, a municipality of primary status ** List of national capital cities * Capital letter, an upper-case letter Economics and social sciences * Capital (economics), the durable produced goods used f ...

of Greece:

(

) *

Cities of Greece Two thirds of the Greek people live in urban areas. Greece's largest metropolitan centers and most influential urban areas are those of Athens and Thessaloniki, with metropolitan populations of approximately four million and one million inhabitants ...

Traditional geographic divisions of Greece

Traditional geographic divisions of Greece The traditional geographic regions of Greece ( el, γεωγραφικά διαμερίσματα, , geographic departments) are the country's main historical-geographic regions, and were also official administrative regional subdivisions of Gre ...

Demography of Greece

Demographics of Greece The Demographics of Greece refer to the demography of the population that inhabits the Greek peninsula. The population of Greece was estimated by the United Nations to be in (including displaced refugees). Historical overview Greece was inha ...

Demographic history of Greece Agriculture came to Europe from Asia via the Balkans, which were one of the first areas in Europe to experience the neolithic transformation. As early as 5000 BC the area's Mesolithic population had been transformed into a peasant society of 250, ...

Government and politics of Greece

Politics of Greece Greece is a parliamentary representative democratic republic, where the President of Greece is the head of state and the Prime Minister of Greece is the head of government within a multi-party system. Legislative power is vested in both the gov ...

Form of government A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government is a ...

parliamentary A parliamentary system, or parliamentarian democracy, is a system of democracy, democratic government, governance of a sovereign state, state (or subordinate entity) where the Executive (government), executive derives its democratic legitimacy ...

representative democratic Representative democracy, also known as indirect democracy, is a type of democracy where elected people represent a group of people, in contrast to direct democracy. Nearly all modern Western-style democracies function as some type of represe ...

republic A republic () is a "state in which power rests with the people or their representatives; specifically a state without a monarchy" and also a "government, or system of government, of such a state." Previously, especially in the 17th and 18th c ...

of Greece:

Elections in Greece At a national level, Greece holds elections for its legislature, the Hellenic Parliament. Election of the legislature The Greek Parliament (''Voulí ton Ellínon'') has 300 members, elected for a four-year term by a system of 'reinforced' prop ...

Next Greek legislative election Legislative elections are scheduled be held in Greece by July 2023. All 300 seats in the Hellenic Parliament will be contested. They will be the first elections since 1990 in which the electoral system will not use a bonus seats system, after ...

Greek government-debt crisis Greece faced a sovereign debt crisis in the aftermath of the financial crisis of 2007–2008. Widely known in the country as The Crisis ( Greek: Η Κρίση), it reached the populace as a series of sudden reforms and austerity measures that ...

Greek government-debt crisis timeline The Greek government-debt crisis began in 2009 and, as of November 2017, was still ongoing. During this period, many changes had occurred in Greece. The income of many Greeks has declined, levels of unemployment have increased, elections and resi ...

***

Greek austerity packages This article details the fourteen austerity packages passed by the Government of Greece between 2010 and 2017. These austerity measures were a result of the Greek government-debt crisis and other economic factors. All of the legislation listed rema ...

Greek withdrawal from the eurozone A Greek withdrawal from the eurozone was a hypothetical scenario, debated mostly in the early to mid 2010s, under which Greece would withdraw from the Eurozone to deal with the Greek government-debt crisis of the time. This conjecture was give ...

Political parties in Greece Prior to the 2012 elections the characteristic Greek political system was a two-party system. The historically dominant parties have been New Democracy and the Panhellenic Socialist Movement (PASOK). Under the electoral system a party needs to s ...

Taxation in Greece Taxation in Greece is based on the direct and indirect systems. The total tax revenue in 2017 was €47.56 billion from which €20.62 billion came from direct taxes and €26.94 billion from indirect taxes. The total tax revenue represented 39.4% ...

Tax evasion and corruption in Greece Corruption is a problem in Greece. Transparency International stated in 2012 that corruption had played a major role in causing the Greek financial crisis (although the crisis itself was triggered by the global financial crisis of 2007-2008, and G ...

Branches of the government of Greece

Government of Greece Government of Greece (officially: Government of the Hellenic Republic; also Greek Government or Hellenic Government)

Executive branch of the government of Greece

Head of state A head of state (or chief of state) is the public persona who officially embodies a state Foakes, pp. 110–11 " he head of statebeing an embodiment of the State itself or representatitve of its international persona." in its unity and l ...

President of Greece The president of Greece, officially the President of the Hellenic Republic ( el, Πρόεδρος της Ελληνικής Δημοκρατίας, Próedros tis Ellinikís Dimokratías), commonly referred to in Greek as the President of the Rep ...

Katerina Sakellaropoulou Katerina Sakellaropoulou ( el, Κατερίνα Σακελλαροπούλου, Latn, el, Katerína Sakellaropoúlou, ; born 30 May 1956) is a Greek judge who has been the president of Greece since 13 March 2020. She was elected by the Hellenic ...

Head of government The head of government is the highest or the second-highest official in the executive branch of a sovereign state, a federated state, or a self-governing colony, autonomous region, or other government who often presides over a cabinet, a gro ...

Prime Minister of Greece The prime minister of the Hellenic Republic ( el, Πρωθυπουργός της Ελληνικής Δημοκρατίας, Prothypourgós tis Ellinikís Dimokratías), colloquially referred to as the prime minister of Greece ( el, Πρωθυ� ...

Kyriakos Mitsotakis Kyriakos Mitsotakis ( el, Κυριάκος Μητσοτάκης, ; born 4 March 1968) is a Greek politician serving as the prime minister of Greece since 8 July 2019. A member of the New Democracy (Greece), New Democracy, he has been its presi ...

Cabinet of Greece The cabinet of Greece, officially called the Ministerial Council (), constitutes the Government of Greece ( el, Κυβέρνηση της Ελλάδας). It is the collective decision-making body of the Hellenic Republic, composed of the Prime Mi ...

Legislative branch of the government of Greece

Detail main facade Building of Parliament of Greece Athens

Hellenic Parliament The Hellenic Parliament ( el, Ελληνικό Κοινοβούλιο, Elliniko Kinovoulio; formally titled el, Βουλή των Ελλήνων, Voulí ton Ellínon, Boule (ancient Greece), Boule of the Greeks, Hellenes, label=none), also kno ...

(

unicameral Unicameralism (from ''uni''- "one" + Latin ''camera'' "chamber") is a type of legislature, which consists of one house or assembly, that legislates and votes as one. Unicameral legislatures exist when there is no widely perceived need for multic ...

)

Judicial branch of the government of Greece

Judicial system of Greece The judicial system of Greece is the country's constitutionally established system of courts. Independence of the justice system In Greece, the Constitution has firmly established the independence of the justice system. However the selection of ...

There are three Supreme Courts in Greece. They are: *

Court of Cassation A court of cassation is a high-instance court that exists in some judicial systems. Courts of cassation do not re-examine the facts of a case, they only interpret the relevant law. In this they are appellate courts of the highest instance. In th ...

( el, Άρειος Πάγος) *

Council of State A Council of State is a governmental body in a country, or a subdivision of a country, with a function that varies by jurisdiction. It may be the formal name for the cabinet or it may refer to a non-executive advisory body associated with a head o ...

( el, Συμβούλιο της Επικρατείας) * Chamber of Accounts ( el, Ελεγκτικό Συνέδριο)

Foreign relations of Greece

Foreign relations of Greece As one of the oldest Euro-Atlantic member states in the region of Southeast Europe, Greece enjoys a prominent geopolitical role as a middle power, due to its political and geographical proximity to Europe, Asia, the Middle East, Africa, the Amer ...

* Diplomatic missions in Greece * Diplomatic missions of Greece

International organization membership

The Hellenic Republic is a member of: *

Australia Group The Australia Group is a multilateral export control regime (MECR) and an informal group of countries (now joined by the European Commission) established in 1985 (after the use of chemical weapons by Iraq in 1984) to help member countries to i ...

Bank for International Settlements The Bank for International Settlements (BIS) is an international financial institution owned by central banks that "fosters international monetary and financial cooperation and serves as a bank for central banks". The BIS carries out its work thr ...

(BIS) *

Black Sea Economic Cooperation Zone The Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC) is a regional international organization focusing on multilateral political and economic initiatives aimed at fostering cooperation, peace, stability and prosperity in the Black Sea ...

(BSEC) *

Council of Europe The Council of Europe (CoE; french: Conseil de l'Europe, ) is an international organisation founded in the wake of World War II to uphold European Convention on Human Rights, human rights, democracy and the Law in Europe, rule of law in Europe. ...

(CE) *

Economic and Monetary Union An economic and monetary union (EMU) is a type of trade bloc that features a combination of a common market, customs union, and monetary union. Established via a trade pact, an EMU constitutes the sixth of seven stages in the process of economic ...

(EMU) *

Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council The Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC) is a post–Cold War, North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) institution. The EAPC is a multilateral forum created to improve relations between NATO and non-NATO countries in Europe and Central Asi ...

(EAPC) *

European Bank for Reconstruction and Development The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) is an international financial institution founded in 1991. As a multilateral developmental investment bank, the EBRD uses investment as a tool to build market economies. Initially focus ...

(EBRD) *

European Investment Bank The European Investment Bank (EIB) is the European Union's investment bank and is owned by the EU Member States. It is one of the largest supranational lenders in the world. The EIB finances and invests both through equity and debt solutions ...

(EIB) *

European Organization for Nuclear Research The European Organization for Nuclear Research, known as CERN (; ; ), is an intergovernmental organization that operates the largest particle physics laboratory in the world. Established in 1954, it is based in a northwestern suburb of Gene ...

(CERN) *

European Space Agency , owners = , headquarters = Paris, Île-de-France, France , coordinates = , spaceport = Guiana Space Centre , seal = File:ESA emblem seal.png , seal_size = 130px , image = Views in the Main Control Room (1205 ...

(ESA) *

(EU) *Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) *International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) *International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) *International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) *International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) *International Criminal Court (ICCt) *International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol) *International Development Association (IDA) *International Energy Agency (IEA) *International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS) *International Finance Corporation (IFC) *International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) *International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) *International Labour Organization (ILO) *International Maritime Organization (IMO) *International Mobile Satellite Organization (IMSO) *International Monetary Fund (IMF) *International Olympic Committee (IOC) *International Organization for Migration (IOM) *International Organization for Standardization (ISO) *International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (ICRM) *International Telecommunication Union (ITU) *International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (ITSO) *International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC) *Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) *Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) *Nonaligned Movement (NAM) (guest) *North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) *Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) *Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) *''Organisation internationale de la Francophonie'' (OIF) *Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) *Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) *Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) *Organization of American States (OAS) (observer) *Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) *Schengen Convention *Southeast European Cooperative Initiative (SECI) *United Nations (UN) *United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) *United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) *United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) *United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) *United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) *United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO) *United Nations Mission in the Sudan (UNMIS) *United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia (UNOMIG) *Universal Postal Union (UPU) *Western European Union (WEU) *World Customs Organization (WCO) *World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU) *World Health Organization (WHO) *World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) *World Meteorological Organization (WMO) *World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) *World Trade Organization (WTO) *World Veterans Federation *Zangger Committee (ZC)

Law and order in Greece

*Judiciary of Greece, Law of Greece ** Capital punishment in Greece ** Constitution of Greece ** Copyright law of Greece ** Greek nationality law ** Life imprisonment in Greece * Crime in Greece **Human trafficking in Greece **Greek mafia, Organized crime in Greece ** Prostitution in Greece ** Terrorism in Greece * Human rights in Greece **Abortion in Greece ** LGBT rights in Greece ***Recognition of same-sex unions in Greece * Law enforcement in Greece **City Police (Greece), City Police **Hellenic Gendarmerie **Hellenic Police ***Cyber Crime Unit (Hellenic Police), Cyber Crime Unit ***Special Anti-Terrorist Unit (Greece), Special Anti-Terrorist Unit ***Units for the Reinstatement of Order

Military of Greece

Evzones at Changing of the Guard, Syntagma Square, Athens

Hellenic National Defence General Staff Military of Greece * Command ** Commander-in-chief:

*** Ministry of Defence (Greece), Ministry of Defence of Greece * Forces ** Army of Greece ** Navy of Greece ** Air Force of Greece ** Presidential Guard (Greece), Presidential Guard * Conscription in Greece * Greek Army uniforms * History of the Hellenic Army **Timeline of the Hellenic Army * Military history of Greece * Military ranks of Greece * Structure of the Hellenic Army

Local government in Greece

History of Greece

Tower of the Winds - panoramio - Robert Freeman (1)

History of Greece

By period

Timeline of Greek history * Neolithic Greece * Helladic period * Ancient Greece **Greek Dark Ages **Archaic Greece **Classical Greece **Hellenistic Greece * Roman Greece * Byzantine Greece * Ottoman Greece * History of modern Greece, Modern Greece **Timeline of modern Greek history * Kingdom of Greece * Second Hellenic Republic * Third Hellenic Republic

By subject

* Economic history of Greece * History of the Greek alphabet * Military history of Greece **Military history of Greece during World War II

Culture of Greece

Athens Academy of the Arts, Athens, Greece

Griechische Nationalbibliothek (Zuschnitt)

Mosaic from the Insula of the Jewellery 03

Culture of Greece * Architecture of Greece **List of castles in Greece, Castles in Greece **Modern Greek architecture * Cuisine of Greece **Cretan cuisine **Cuisine of the Ionian islands **Cypriot cuisine **Macedonian cuisine **Greek restaurant **Greek wine * Greek dress * Greek nationalism * Languages of Greece **Greek language question **Modern Greek ***Varieties of Modern Greek ****Calabrian Greek ****Cappadocian Greek ****Demotic Greek ****Griko dialect ****Katharevousa ****Mariupol Greek ****Pontic Greek ****Tsakonian language * Media in Greece **List of newspapers in Greece, Newspapers in Greece **List of radio stations in Greece, Radio in Greece **Television in Greece * Monuments of Greece **Acropolis of Athens **Ancient Agora of Athens **Ancient Theatre of Epidaurus **Arch of Galerius and Rotunda **Erechtheion **Greek pyramids **Knossos, Knossos Minoan palace complex **Lion Gate **Odeon of Herodes Atticus **Palaestra at Olympia **Stadium of Delphi **Temple of Hephaestus **Temple of Olympian Zeus, Athens **Terrace of the Lions **Theatre of Dionysus **Tholos of Delphi * List of museums in Greece, Museums in Greece * National symbols of Greece **Coat of arms of Greece **Flag of Greece **National anthem of Greece **National colours of Greece **Athena, National personification * People of Greece **Minorities in Greece, Ethnic Minorities in Greece **Names of the Greeks **Greek diaspora ***Greeks in Egypt ***Greeks in Italy **Immigration to Greece * Philhellenism * Public holidays in Greece **Ohi Day * List of World Heritage Sites in Greece, World Heritage Sites in Greece

Art in Greece

* Greek Art, Art in Greece **Modern Greek art ***Greek academic art of the 19th century ***Contemporary Greek art * Cinema of Greece * Literature of Greece **Modern Greek literature **List of Greek writers * Music of Greece **List of Greek composers, Greek composers **Greek folk music ***Nisiotika, Music of the Aegean islands ***Music of Crete ***Music of Cyprus ***Music of Epirus (Greece), Music of Epirus ***Music of the Heptanese ****Ionian School (music), Ionian School ***Music of Macedonia (Greece), Music of Macedonia ***Music of the Peloponnese ***Music of Thessaly ***Music of Thrace ** Greek dances ** Greek musical instruments ** Greek National Opera **Greek New Wave * Modern Greek theatre, Theatre in Greece **National Theatre of Greece

Religion in Greece

Religion in Greece * Catholic Church in Greece **Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Athens, Archdiocese of Athens **Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Rhodes, Archdiocese of Rhodos **Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Corfu, Zakynthos and Cephalonia, Archdiocese of Corfù, Zante and Cefalonia **Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Naxos, Andros, Tinos and Mykonos, Archdiocese of Naxos, Andros, Tinos and Mykonos **Apostolic Vicariate of Thessaloniki * Greek Orthodox Church **Church of Greece ***Archbishopric of Athens * Buddhism in Greece * Hinduism in Greece * Islam in Greece * Judaism in Greece * Protestantism in Greece * Sikhism in Greece

Sports in Greece

Sports in Greece * Baseball in Greece * Basketball in Greece **Greece national basketball team * Cricket in Greece * Football in Greece **Greece national football team **List of football clubs in Greece **Football League (Greece), Football League **Superleague Greece * Greece at the Olympics **1896 Summer Olympics **2004 Summer Olympics ***2004 Summer Olympics opening ceremony * Greece at the Paralympics * Hockey in Greece **Ice hockey in Greece * Rugby in Greece **Rugby union in Greece **Rugby league in Greece * Sports venues in Greece **Hellinikon Olympic Complex **Karaiskakis Stadium **O.A.C.A. Olympic Indoor Hall **Olympic Stadium (Athens) **Pampeloponnisiako Stadium **Panathenaic Stadium **Pankritio Stadium **Stavros Mavrothalassitis Stadium **Toumba Stadium

Economy and infrastructure of Greece

Economy of Greece * List of countries by GDP (nominal), Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2007): 27th (twenty-seventh) * Agriculture in Greece **Laiki agora * Banking in Greece **List of banks in Greece ***Bank of Greece ***National Bank of Greece **Capital controls in Greece * Communications in Greece ** Internet in Greece * List of companies of Greece, Companies of Greece * Currency, Currency of Greece: Euro (see also: Template:Euro topics, Euro topics) **Former currency: Ancient drachma, Greek drachma **ISO 4217: Euro, EUR * Economic history of Greece **Greek economic miracle * Energy in Greece **

* Maritime industry **Greek shipping ***Greek Merchant Marine * Science and technology **List of Greek inventions and discoveries, Greek inventions and discoveries * Tourism in Greece **Visa policy of the Schengen Area * Transport in Greece **Rapid transit in Greece **List of airports in Greece, Airports in Greece **List of ports in Greece, Ports in Greece ** Rail transport in Greece ***History of rail transport in Greece ** Proastiakos, Commuter rail ** Urban rail ***Athens Metro ***Thessaloniki Metro ***List of town tramway systems in Greece, Tramway systems in Greece ** KTEL (Greece), KTEL ** Roads in Greece ***Attiki Odos ****Central Greece Motorway ***Olympia Odos * Water supply and sanitation in Greece

Education in Greece

Education in Greece * Academic grading in Greece * Higher education in Greece ** List of universities in Greece, Universities in Greece **Polytechnic (Greece), Polytechnics **Τechnological Universities-Technological educational institutes * Vocational education **IEK

Health in Greece

Healthcare in Greece * List of hospitals in Greece, Hospitals in Greece * Obesity in Greece * Smoking in Greece

References

External links

; Government
President of the Hellenic RepublicPrime Minister of the Hellenic RepublicHellenic ParliamentGreek News Agenda NewsletterGreece
— information and links related to Greece from the ministry of foreign affairs
Greek missions abroad
(embassies, consulates, representations)
Foreign missions in GreeceGreek National Tourism OrganisationNational Statistical Service of Greece
; Other
Hellenism.Net - Everything about GreeceEncyclopædia Britannica - Greece's country pageHellenic HistoryThe Greek Heritage
*
History of Greece: Primary DocumentsGreek Council for Refugees
{{DEFAULTSORT:Greece Outlines of countries, Greece Greece, Greece-related lists, Outlines

General reference

Geography of Greece

Environment of Greece

Natural geographic features of Greece

Regions of Greece

Ecoregions of Greece

Administrative divisions of Greece

= Administrative regions of Greece

= Regional units of Greece

= Municipalities of Greece

Traditional geographic divisions of Greece

Demography of Greece

Government and politics of Greece

Branches of the government of Greece

Executive branch of the government of Greece

Legislative branch of the government of Greece

Judicial branch of the government of Greece

Foreign relations of Greece

International organization membership

Law and order in Greece

Military of Greece

Local government in Greece

History of Greece

By period

By subject

Culture of Greece

Art in Greece

Religion in Greece

Sports in Greece

Economy and infrastructure of Greece

Education in Greece

Health in Greece

See also

References

External links