Otto Marburg (May 25, 1874 – June 13, 1948) was an Austrian

neurologist Neurology (from el, νεῦρον (neûron), "string, nerve" and the suffix -logia, "study of") is the branch of medicine dealing with the diagnosis and treatment of all categories of conditions and disease involving the brain, the spinal c ...

known for his contributions to the understanding of multiple sclerosis and for advances in neurooncology. Marburg was born in Römerstadt in

Moravia Moravia ( , also , ; cs, Morava ; german: link=yes, Mähren ; pl, Morawy ; szl, Morawa; la, Moravia) is a historical region in the east of the Czech Republic and one of three historical Czech lands, with Bohemia and Czech Silesia. The m ...

Austria-Hungary Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire,, the Dual Monarchy, or Austria, was a constitutional monarchy and great power in Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. It was formed with the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of ...

(today

Rýmařov Rýmařov (; german: Römerstadt) is a town in Bruntál District in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 8,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected by law as an urban monument zone. ...

Czech Republic The Czech Republic, or simply Czechia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Historically known as Bohemia, it is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the southeast. The ...

). He was

Jewish Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The ...

.Lewis P. Rowland, ''The legacy of Tracy J. Putnam and H. Houston Merritt: modern neurology in the United States'', Oxford University Press (2008), p. 62 From 1919 to 1938 he was head of the Neurological Institute at the

University of Vienna The University of Vienna (german: Universität Wien) is a public research university located in Vienna, Austria. It was founded by Duke Rudolph IV in 1365 and is the oldest university in the German-speaking world. With its long and rich hist ...

. Following the 1938

Anschluss The (, or , ), also known as the (, en, Annexation of Austria), was the annexation of the Federal State of Austria into the German Reich on 13 March 1938. The idea of an (a united Austria and Germany that would form a " Greater Germany ...

, Marburg was forced to emigrate to the United States as a refugee. Arriving in

New York City New York, often called New York City or NYC, is the most populous city in the United States. With a 2020 population of 8,804,190 distributed over , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the Un ...

, he joined

Columbia University Columbia University (also known as Columbia, and officially as Columbia University in the City of New York) is a private research university in New York City. Established in 1754 as King's College on the grounds of Trinity Church in Manhatt ...

's College of Physicians and Surgeons as clinical professor of neurology. He was author of several standard texts about the nervous system, and a subtype of multiple sclerosis (

Marburg multiple sclerosis Marburg acute multiple sclerosis, also known as Marburg multiple sclerosis or acute fulminant multiple sclerosis, is considered one of the multiple sclerosis borderline diseases, which is a collection of diseases classified by some as MS variants ...

) has been named after him. Marburg died of cancer in New York in 1948, at the age of 74. Otto Marburg was not associated with the Marburg virus, which was discovered in 1967 in the

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) ** Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Ge ...

town of

Marburg Marburg ( or ) is a university town in the German federal state (''Bundesland'') of Hesse, capital of the Marburg-Biedenkopf district (''Landkreis''). The town area spreads along the valley of the river Lahn and has a population of approxima ...

Publications

* O. Marburg: ''Mikroskopisch-topographischer Atlas des menschlichen Zentralnervensystems mit begleitendem Texte''. third edition Franz Deuticke, Leipzig, Vienna 1927. (first edition- 1904, second edition- 1927) - Microscopic-topographical atlas of the human

central nervous system The central nervous system (CNS) is the part of the nervous system consisting primarily of the brain and spinal cord. The CNS is so named because the brain integrates the received information and coordinates and influences the activity of all p ...

with accompanying text. * O. Marburg: ''Die physikalischen Heilmethoden in Einzeldarstellungen für praktische Ärzte und Studierende''. Franz Deuticke, Leipzig, Vienna 1905. * O. Marburg: ''Die Hemiatrophia facialis progressiva; der umschriebene Gesichtsschwund''. Hölder, Vienna 1912 - Progressive facial hemiatrophy. * J. A. Hirschl, O. Marburg: ''Syphilis des Nervensystems, einschliesslich Tabes und Paralyse''. Hölder, Vienna 1914 - Syphilis of the nervous system, including tabes and paralysis. * G. Alexander, O. Marburg, H. Brunner (editors): ''Handbuch der Neurologie des Ohres''. four volumes, Urban & Schwarzenberg, Berlin 1923–1929 - Handbook of neurology of the

ear An ear is the organ that enables hearing and, in mammals, body balance using the vestibular system. In mammals, the ear is usually described as having three parts—the outer ear, the middle ear and the inner ear. The outer ear consists of ...

. * O. Marburg: ''Der Kopfschmerz und seine Behandlung''. Moritz Perles, Vienna 1926 - Headache and its treatment. * O. Marburg: ''Der Schlaf, seine Störungen und deren Behandlung''. Springer, Berlin, Vienna 1928 -

Sleep disorders A sleep disorder, or somnipathy, is a medical disorder of an individual's sleep patterns. Some sleep disorders are severe enough to interfere with normal physical, mental, social and emotional functioning. Polysomnography and actigraphy are tests ...

and treatment. * J. Meller, O. Marburg: ''Zur Kenntnis des Wesens der sogenannten Czermak-v. Hippelschen Netzhauterkran-kung''. S. Karger, Berlin 1928 - Knowledge of the nature of the so-called "Czermak-von Hippel Netzhauterkran effect". * O. Marburg: Unfall und Hirngeschwulst: ''Ein Beitrag zur Ätiologie der Hirngeschwülste''. Springer, Berlin 1934 - Contribution to the etiology of brain tumors. * E. Grünthal, F. Hiller, O. Marburg: ''Traumatische präsenile und senile Erkrankungen, Zirkulationsstörun-gen''. Springer, Berlin 1936 - Traumatic presenile and senile diseases. * O. Marburg, M. Helfand: Injuries of the nervous system, including poisonings. Veritas Press, New York 1939 - * O. Marburg:

Hydrocephalus Hydrocephalus is a condition in which an accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) occurs within the brain. This typically causes increased pressure inside the skull. Older people may have headaches, double vision, poor balance, urinary inc ...

: its symptomatology, pathology, pathogenesis and treatment. Oskar Piest, New York 1940.

References

* Based in a report of 1948 of the magazine Tim

* List of publications copied from equivalent article at the German Wikipedia. ;Specific Austrian Jews Austrian neurologists 1874 births 1948 deaths People from Rýmařov {{Austria-med-bio-stub