The gens Orbia was a minor
plebeian
In ancient Rome, the plebeians (also called plebs) were the general body of free Roman citizens who were not patricians, as determined by the census, or in other words " commoners". Both classes were hereditary.
Etymology
The precise origins of ...
family at
Rome. No members of this
gens
In ancient Rome, a gens ( or , ; plural: ''gentes'' ) was a family consisting of individuals who shared the same Roman naming conventions#Nomen, nomen and who claimed descent from a common ancestor. A branch of a gens was called a ''stirps'' (p ...
are known to have held any
magistracies, but many of them are known from inscriptions. The most illustrious of the family may have been the jurist Publius Orbius, a contemporary of
Cicero.
[''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', vol. III, p. 41 ("Publius Orbius").]
Origin
The
nomen ''Orbius'' is derived from the
cognomen ''Orbus'', a waif or orphan. It is the cognate of the
Sabine or
Oscan nomen ''
Orfia''. At least two other
gentilicia are derived from ''Orbius'' using different suffixes: ''
Orbilius
Lucius Orbilius Pupillus (114 BC – c. 14 BC) was a Latin Philologist, grammarian of the 1st century BC, who taught at school, first at Benevento and then at Rome, where the poet Horace was one of his pupils. Horace (''Epistles'', ii) criticizes ...
'' using the diminutive suffix , and ''
Orbicius'' using the suffix .
Praenomina
The Orbii used a wide variety of
praenomina, of which the most important were ''
Marcus Marcus, Markus, Márkus or Mărcuș may refer to:
* Marcus (name), a masculine given name
* Marcus (praenomen), a Roman personal name
Places
* Marcus, a main belt asteroid, also known as (369088) Marcus 2008 GG44
* Mărcuş, a village in Dobârl ...
'' and ''
Lucius''. The family also used ''
Publius'' and ''
Titus'', and there are few examples of ''
Gaius
Gaius, sometimes spelled ''Gajus'', Kaius, Cajus, Caius, was a common Latin praenomen; see Gaius (praenomen).
People
*Gaius (jurist) (), Roman jurist
*Gaius Acilius
*Gaius Antonius
*Gaius Antonius Hybrida
*Gaius Asinius Gallus
*Gaius Asinius Pol ...
'', ''
Aulus
Aulus (abbreviated A.) is one of the small group of common forenames found in the culture of ancient Rome.
The name was traditionally connected with Latin ''aula'', ''olla'', "palace", but this is most likely a false etymology. ''Aulus'' in fact p ...
'', and ''
Quintus
Quintus is a male given name derived from '' Quintus'', a common Latin forename (''praenomen'') found in the culture of ancient Rome. Quintus derives from Latin word ''quintus'', meaning "fifth".
Quintus is an English masculine given name and ...
''. All of these were very common names throughout Roman history. There is also a single instance of ''
Decimus'', a much less common name.
Members
* Publius Orbius, a jurist shortly before the time of Cicero, who describes him as an unpracticed advocate, but very learned in the civil law. He was a student of Titus Juventius.
* Publius Orbius,
praetor in 65 BC, and governor of
Asia the following year.
* Orbius, a wealthy farmer alluded to by
Horace
Quintus Horatius Flaccus (; 8 December 65 – 27 November 8 BC), known in the English-speaking world as Horace (), was the leading Roman lyric poet during the time of Augustus (also known as Octavian). The rhetorician Quintilian regarded his ' ...
.
[''PIR'', vol. II, p. 437.]
* Orbius Laetianus, of the ''
Vigiles'' in AD 191.
* Aulus Orbius, named in two inscriptions from
Praeneste
Palestrina (ancient ''Praeneste''; grc, Πραίνεστος, ''Prainestos'') is a modern Italian city and ''comune'' (municipality) with a population of about 22,000, in Lazio, about east of Rome. It is connected to the latter by the Via Pre ...
in
Latium.
* Lucius Orbius, named in an inscription from
Tibur in
Samnium.
* Lucius Orbius L. f., the husband of Tullia, named in an inscription from Rome.
[.]
* Lucius Orbius M. f., a schoolmaster named in a dedicatory inscription from the island of
Tenos in
Achaea
Achaea () or Achaia (), sometimes transliterated from Greek as Akhaia (, ''Akhaïa'' ), is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the region of Western Greece and is situated in the northwestern part of the Peloponnese peninsula. The ...
.
* Lucius Orbius M. f., named in an inscription from the island of
Delos
The island of Delos (; el, Δήλος ; Attic: , Doric: ), near Mykonos, near the centre of the Cyclades archipelago, is one of the most important mythological, historical, and archaeological sites in Greece. The excavations in the island are ...
in Achaea, perhaps the same identified as in another inscription.
* Marcus Orbius, named in an inscription from Rome.
* Marcus Orbius, named in an inscription at
Lambaesis in
Numidia
Numidia ( Berber: ''Inumiden''; 202–40 BC) was the ancient kingdom of the Numidians located in northwest Africa, initially comprising the territory that now makes up modern-day Algeria, but later expanding across what is today known as Tunis ...
, dating to the reign of
Septimius Severus.
* Marcus Orbius M. f., a native of
Aquae Sextiae
Aix-en-Provence (, , ; oc, label=Provençal dialect, Provençal, Ais de Provença in classical norm, or in Mistralian norm, ; la, Aquae Sextiae), or simply Aix (Old Occitan, medieval Occitan: ''Aics''), is a List of communes in France with ov ...
in
Gallia Narbonensis
Gallia Narbonensis (Latin for "Gaul of Narbonne", from its chief settlement) was a Roman province located in what is now Languedoc and Provence, in Southern France. It was also known as Provincia Nostra ("Our Province"), because it was the ...
, was a lieutenant stationed at Rome some time in the late second or early third century.
* Marcus Orbius, named in an inscription from
Casinum in Latium.
* Marcus Orbius,
Decurion of the
colony at
Ostia
Ostia may refer to:
Places
*Ostia (Rome), a municipio (also called ''Ostia Lido'' or ''Lido di Ostia'') of Rome
*Ostia Antica, a township and port of ancient Rome
*Ostia Antica (district), a district of the commune of Rome
Arts and entertainment ...
, buried in a family sepulchre at Ostia, together with his wife, Januaria, and daughter, Orbia Januaria, dedicated by his son, Marcus Orbius Protogenes.
[.]
* Titus Orbius L. f., dedicated a
basilica to the people of Tibur.
* Orbia Acume, a freedwoman mentioned in three funerary inscriptions at Rome.
[, , .]
* Marcus Orbius Agrypnus, buried at
Interamna Lirenas in Latium.
[.]
* Orbia L. f. Aphrodisia, daughter of Lucius Orbius Verinus, buried at the present site of
Monte San Giusto
Monte San Giusto is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Macerata in the Italian region Marche, located about south of Ancona and about southeast of Macerata.
Monte San Giusto borders the following municipalities: Corridonia, Monte Sa ...
, then in
Picenum
Picenum was a region of ancient Italy. The name is an exonym assigned by the Romans, who conquered and incorporated it into the Roman Republic. Picenum was ''Regio V'' in the Augustan territorial organization of Roman Italy. Picenum was also ...
.
[.]
* Gaius Orbius Asellio, the
patron of Gaius Orbius Cosmus and Gaius Orbius Phronimus.
[.]
* Lucius Orbius Caelianus, named in an inscription from Lambaesis.
* Lucius Orbius L. l. Colo, a freed child buried at Rome, aged eight.
[.]
* Gaius Orbius Cosmo, buried at
Pola Pola or POLA may refer to:
People
*House of Pola, an Italian noble family
*Pola Alonso (1923–2004), Argentine actress
*Pola Brändle (born 1980), German artist and photographer
*Pola Gauguin (1883–1961), Danish painter
*Pola Gojawiczyńska (18 ...
in the province of
Venetia et Histria
Venetia et Histria (Latin: ''Regio X Venetia et Histria'') was an administrative subdivision in the northeast of Roman Italy. It was originally created by Augustus as the tenth ''regio'' in 7 AD alongside the nine other ''regiones''. The region h ...
, was one of the clients of Gaius Orbius Asellio.
* Orbius Crescens, buried at Castellum Celtianum in Numidia, aged forty.
* Quintus Orbius Dionysius, buried at
Castrimoenium in Latium.
* Aulus Orbius A. l. Eros, a freedman named in an inscription from Praeneste.
* Orbius Eutychus, named in an inscription from Ostia.
* Orbius Faustinus, named in a list of shipbuilders at
Portus
Portus was a large artificial harbour of Ancient Rome. Sited on the north bank of the north mouth of the Tiber, on the Tyrrhenian coast, it was established by Claudius and enlarged by Trajan to supplement the nearby port of Ostia.
The archae ...
in Latium.
[.]
* Marcus Orbius Faustus, buried in a family sepulchre at Rome.
[.]
* Orbius Fortunatus, named in a list of shipbuilders at Portus.
* Lucius Orbius Felix, a tribune in the
second legion at Lambaesis.
* Marcus Orbius M. f. Felix, a soldier in the ninth urban cohort at Rome, in AD 197.
* Marcus Orbius Felix, named in a dedicatory inscription from
Thuburbo Maius in
Africa Proconsularis.
* Quintus Orbius Felix, named in an inscription from
Ostia
Ostia may refer to:
Places
*Ostia (Rome), a municipio (also called ''Ostia Lido'' or ''Lido di Ostia'') of Rome
*Ostia Antica, a township and port of ancient Rome
*Ostia Antica (district), a district of the commune of Rome
Arts and entertainment ...
, dating to between AD 101 and 130.
* Lucius Orbius L. l. Galata, a freedman mentioned in three funerary inscriptions from Rome.
* Lucius Orbius L. f. Gallus, named in an inscription from Rome.
* Orbia L. l. Helena, a freedwoman buried at Rome.
* Marcus Orbius Helius, dedicated a tomb at Rome for his dear friend, Titus Flavius Eutychius.
* Lucius Orbius Italicus, named in an inscription from
Aquileia
Aquileia / / / / ;Bilingual name of ''Aquileja – Oglej'' in: vec, Aquiłeja / ; Slovenian: ''Oglej''), group=pron is an ancient Roman city in Italy, at the head of the Adriatic at the edge of the lagoons, about from the sea, on the river N ...
in Venetia et Histria, dating from AD 376 to 425.
* Orbia M. f. Januaria, daughter of Marcus Orbius and Januaria, with whom she was buried in the family sepulchre at Ostia.
* Marcus Orbius Januarius, buried at
Simitthus in Africa Proconsularis, aged one hundred and ten, according to the inscription.
* Decimus Orbius Martialis, a member of the fifth cohort of ''Vigiles'' at Rome in AD 202.
* Lucius Orbius Mercurio, named in an inscription from Delos.
* Orbia M. l. Nympha, a freedwoman buried at Interamna Lirenas in Latium.
* Lucius Orbius Orbianus, husband of Aelia Martilla, buried at the present site of Mechta el Oussera, then in Numidia, aged fifty-five.
* Gaius Orbius Phronimus, one of the clients of Gaius Orbius Aseillio.
* Orbia Primigenia, buried in a family sepulchre at Rome.
* Marcus Orbius M. l. Principis, a freedman and baker, buried at Interamna Lirenas.
* Marcus Orbius M. f. Protogenes, dedicated a family sepulchre at Ostia for his parents, Marcus Orbius and Januaria, and sister, Orbia Januaria.
* Lucius Orbius Provincialis, named in a list of soldiers at Lambaesis.
* Orbius Puteolanus, named in a list of shipbuilders at Portus.
* Orbia Restituta, the sister of Publius Orbius Rusticus, buried at
Emerita Augusta
Emerita may refer to:
* ''Emerita'' (crustacean), a genus of crustaceans
* Emerita Augusta, an ancient city of Spain
* Saint Emerita, 3rd-century martyr; see Digna and Emerita
* Emerita, the feminine form of the adjective "emeritus
''Emeritus' ...
in
Lusitania
Lusitania (; ) was an ancient Iberian Roman province located where modern Portugal (south of the Douro river) and
a portion of western Spain (the present Extremadura and the province of Salamanca) lie. It was named after the Lusitani or Lusita ...
.
[''HEp'', 1996, 114.]
* Quintus Orbius Rufus, buried at Rome, aged sixty-five.
* Publius Orbius Rusticus, the brother of Orbia Retituta, buried at Emerita Augusta.
* Marcus Orbius Scapula, dedicated a monument to one Onesimus at Portus.
* Titus Orbius T. f. Severus, named in an inscription from
Apta in Gallia Narbonensis.
* Titus Orbius T. f. Tuscus, named in a funerary inscription from
Verona in Venetia et Histria.
[.]
* Lucius Orbius Verinus, built a tomb for his daughter, Orbia Aphrodisia, at the present site of
Monte San Giusto
Monte San Giusto is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Macerata in the Italian region Marche, located about south of Ancona and about southeast of Macerata.
Monte San Giusto borders the following municipalities: Corridonia, Monte Sa ...
in Picenum.
See also
*
List of Roman gentes
References
Bibliography
*
Marcus Tullius Cicero, ''
Brutus'', ''Pro Flacco''.
* Quintus Horatius Flaccus (
Horace
Quintus Horatius Flaccus (; 8 December 65 – 27 November 8 BC), known in the English-speaking world as Horace (), was the leading Roman lyric poet during the time of Augustus (also known as Octavian). The rhetorician Quintilian regarded his ' ...
), ''
Epistulae''.
* ''
Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'',
William Smith, ed., Little, Brown and Company, Boston (1849).
*
Theodor Mommsen ''et alii'', ''
Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum
The ''Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum'' (''CIL'') is a comprehensive collection of ancient Latin inscriptions. It forms an authoritative source for documenting the surviving epigraphy of classical antiquity. Public and personal inscriptions throw ...
'' (The Body of Latin Inscriptions, abbreviated ''CIL''), Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften (1853–present).
*
Giovanni Battista de Rossi, ''Inscriptiones Christianae Urbis Romanae Septimo Saeculo Antiquiores'' (Christian Inscriptions from Rome of the First Seven Centuries, abbreviated ''ICUR''), Vatican Library, Rome (1857–1861, 1888).
* René Cagnat ''et alii'', ''
L'Année épigraphique'' (The Year in Epigraphy, abbreviated ''AE''), Presses Universitaires de France (1888–present).
* George Davis Chase, "The Origin of Roman Praenomina", in ''Harvard Studies in Classical Philology'', vol. VIII (1897).
*
Paul von Rohden
Paul von Rohden (12 December 1862, Barmen – 28 February 1939, Pieterlen) was a German-Swiss schoolteacher and historian known for his research in the field of prosopography. He was the son of theologian Ludwig von Rohden (1815–1889) and the bro ...
,
Elimar Klebs
Elimar Klebs (15 October 1852 – 16 May 1918) was a German historian of ancient history. He was the brother of botanist Georg Klebs.
Biography
Klebs was born in Braunsberg (Braniewo), Prussia. He studied in Berlin under Theodor Mommsen a ...
, &
Hermann Dessau
Hermann Dessau (6 April 1856, Frankfurt am Main – 12 April 1931, Berlin) was a German ancient historian and epigrapher. He is noted for a key work of textual criticism published in 1889 on the ''Historia Augusta'', which uncovered reasons to ...
, ''
Prosopographia Imperii Romani'' (The Prosopography of the Roman Empire, abbreviated ''PIR''), Berlin (1898).
* Stéphane Gsell, ''Inscriptions Latines de L'Algérie'' (Latin Inscriptions from Algeria, abbreviated ''ILAlg''), Edouard Champion, Paris (1922–present).
* Hilding Thylander, ''Inscriptions du port d'Ostie'' (Inscriptions from the Port of Ostia, abbreviated ''IPOstie''), Acta Instituti Romani Regni Sueciae, Lund (1952).
*
T. Robert S. Broughton, ''The Magistrates of the Roman Republic'', American Philological Association (1952).
* D.P. Simpson, ''Cassell's Latin and English Dictionary'', Macmillan Publishing Company, New York (1963).
* ''Hispania Epigraphica'' (Epigraphy of Spain, abbreviated ''HEp''), Madrid (1989–present).
* Giovanni Battista Brusin, ''Inscriptiones Aquileiae'' (Inscriptions of Aquileia, abbreviated ''InscrAqu''), Udine (1991–1993).
* Carlo Molle, “Varia epigraphica dalla valle del Liri”, in Heikki Solin, ''Le Epigrafi della Valle di Comino'', Atti del dodicesimo convegno epigrafico cominese (“Miscellaneous Epigraphy from the Liri Valley”, in Heikki Solin's ''The Epigraphy of the Valley of Comino'', Proceedings of the Twelfth Epigraphic Conference at Comino), pp. 91–116, San Donato Val di Comino (2016).
{{DEFAULTSORT:Orbia (gens)
Roman gentes