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An optical line termination (OLT), also called an optical line terminal, is a device which serves as the service provider endpoint of a
An optical line termination (OLT), also called an optical line terminal, is a device which serves as the service provider endpoint of a passive optical network
A passive optical network (PON) is a fiber-optic telecommunications technology for delivering broadband network access to end-customers. Its architecture implements a point-to-multipoint topology in which a single optical fiber serves multiple e ...
. It provides two main functions:
# to perform conversion between the electrical signals used by the service provider's equipment and the fiber optic
An optical fiber, or optical fibre in Commonwealth English, is a flexible, transparent fiber made by drawing glass (silica) or plastic to a diameter slightly thicker than that of a human hair. Optical fibers are used most often as a means t ...
signals used by the passive optical network.
# to coordinate the multiplexing
In telecommunications and computer networking, multiplexing (sometimes contracted to muxing) is a method by which multiple analog or digital signals are combined into one signal over a shared medium. The aim is to share a scarce resource - ...
between the conversion devices on the other end of that network (called either optical network terminals or optical network units).
The diagram below depicts an OLT within a fiber-optic network.
Features
OLTs include the following features: * A downstream frame processing means for receiving and churning anAsynchronous Transfer Mode
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) is a telecommunications standard defined by American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and ITU-T (formerly CCITT) for digital transmission of multiple types of traffic. ATM was developed to meet the needs of ...
cell to generate a downstream frame, and converting a parallel data of the downstream frame into a serial data thereof.
* A wavelength division multiplexing means for performing an electro/optical conversion of the serial data of the downstream frame and performing a wavelength division multiplexing thereof.
* An upstream frame processing means for extracting data from the wavelength division multiplexing means, searching an overhead field, delineating a slot boundary, and processing a physical layer operations administration and maintenance (PLOAM) cell and a divided slot separately.
* A control signal generation means for performing a media access control
In IEEE 802 LAN/MAN standards, the medium access control (MAC, also called media access control) sublayer is the layer that controls the hardware responsible for interaction with the wired, optical or wireless transmission medium. The MAC sublay ...
(MAC) protocol and generating variables and timing signals used for the downstream frame processing means and the upstream frame processing means.
* A control means for controlling the downstream frame processing means and the upstream frame processing means by using the variables and the timing signals from the control signal generation means.
Fiber-optic communications
Telecommunications equipment