Olt County
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Olt County () is a county ( județ) of Romania on the border with Bulgaria, in the
historical regions Historical regions (or historical areas) are geographical regions which at some point in time had a cultural, ethnic, linguistic or political basis, regardless of latterday borders. They are used as delimitations for studying and analysing socia ...
of
Oltenia Oltenia (, also called Lesser Wallachia in antiquated versions, with the alternative Latin names ''Wallachia Minor'', ''Wallachia Alutana'', ''Wallachia Caesarea'' between 1718 and 1739) is a historical province and geographical region of Romania ...
and
Muntenia Muntenia (, also known in English as Greater Wallachia) is a historical region of Romania, part of Wallachia (also, sometimes considered Wallachia proper, as ''Muntenia'', ''Țara Românească'', and the seldom used ''Valahia'' are synonyms in R ...
(the regions are separated by the
Olt river The Olt (Romanian and Hungarian; german: Alt; la, Aluta or ', tr, Oltu, grc, Ἄλυτος ''Alytos'') is a river in Romania. It is long, and its basin area is . It is the longest river flowing exclusively through Romania. Its average discha ...
). The capital city is Slatina.


History

On 24 August 2017, the Olt County Council decided to hold a name referendum on 15 October 2017 for the proposal to change the county name to "Olt- Romanați". The referendum was eventually held on 6 and 7 October 2018. The vote was nullified, as turnout was 27.19%, below the required threshold of 30%; therefore, the Olt County retains its current name.


Demographics

In 2011, the county had a population of 415,530 and the
population density Population density (in agriculture: standing stock or plant density) is a measurement of population per unit land area. It is mostly applied to humans, but sometimes to other living organisms too. It is a key geographical term.Matt RosenberPopul ...
was . *
Romanians The Romanians ( ro, români, ; dated exonym ''Vlachs'') are a Romance languages, Romance-speaking ethnic group. Sharing a common Culture of Romania, Romanian culture and Cultural heritage, ancestry, and speaking the Romanian language, they l ...
- 98.06% *
Romani Romani may refer to: Ethnicities * Romani people, an ethnic group of Northern Indian origin, living dispersed in Europe, the Americas and Asia ** Romani genocide, under Nazi rule * Romani language, any of several Indo-Aryan languages of the Roma ...
- 1.86% * Other minorities - 0.08% The county is a mainly rural one, with over 60% of the population living in villages.


Geography

This county has a total area of . The county lies in a flat area on the western part of the
Romanian Plain The Romanian Plain ( ro, Câmpia Română) is located in southern Romania and the easternmost tip of Serbia, where it is known as the Wallachian Plain ( sr, Vlaška nizija/Влашка низија). Part of the historical region of Wallachia, it ...
. It is crossed by rivers from north to south, the main one - the
Olt River The Olt (Romanian and Hungarian; german: Alt; la, Aluta or ', tr, Oltu, grc, Ἄλυτος ''Alytos'') is a river in Romania. It is long, and its basin area is . It is the longest river flowing exclusively through Romania. Its average discha ...
giving the county its name. The
Danube The Danube ( ; ) is a river that was once a long-standing frontier of the Roman Empire and today connects 10 European countries, running through their territories or being a border. Originating in Germany, the Danube flows southeast for , pa ...
forms a wide valley in the south, with many ponds and small channels, which are occasionally flooded.


Neighbours

*
Teleorman County Teleorman County () is a county (județ) of Romania on the border with Bulgaria, in the historical region Muntenia, with its capital city at Alexandria. The name ''Teleorman'' is of Cumanic ( Turkic) origin. It literally means ''crazy forest'' ...
to the East. *
Dolj County Dolj County (; originally meant ''Dol(no)- Jiu'', "lower Jiu", as opposed to '' Gorj'' (''upper Jiu'')) is a county ( județ) of Romania on the border with Bulgaria, in Oltenia, with the capital city at Craiova. Demographics In 2011, the c ...
to the West. * Argeș County and
Vâlcea County Vâlcea County (also spelt ''Vîlcea''; ) is a county ( județ) of Romania. Located in the historical regions of Oltenia and Muntenia (which are separated by the Olt River), it is also part of the wider Wallachia region. Its capital city is Râm ...
to the North. * Bulgaria to the South -
Vratsa Province Vratsa Province ( bg, Област Враца ''Oblast Vraca'', former name Okrug, Vraca okrug) is a Bulgarian province located in the northwestern part of the country, between Danube river in the north and Stara Planina mountain in the south. I ...
and
Pleven Province Pleven Province ( bg, Област Плевен or Плевенска Област) is a province located in central northern Bulgaria, bordering the Danube river, Romania and the Bulgarian provinces of Vratsa, Veliko Tarnovo and Lovech. It is ...
.


Economy

The predominant industries in the county are: * Metallurgy -
aluminium Aluminium (aluminum in American and Canadian English) is a chemical element with the symbol Al and atomic number 13. Aluminium has a density lower than those of other common metals, at approximately one third that of steel. I ...
and aluminium components. * Railway equipment. * Food and beverages industry. * Textile industry. * Mechanical components industry. Agriculture is the main occupation in the county - over 58% of the population having agriculture as their main occupation. Both extensive agriculture, and small-scale, vegetables and fruits, are practiced. The area is well suited for irrigation.


Tourism

The main destinations for tourists are: * The city of Slatina. * Fishing on the
Danube The Danube ( ; ) is a river that was once a long-standing frontier of the Roman Empire and today connects 10 European countries, running through their territories or being a border. Originating in Germany, the Danube flows southeast for , pa ...
and on the
Olt River The Olt (Romanian and Hungarian; german: Alt; la, Aluta or ', tr, Oltu, grc, Ἄλυτος ''Alytos'') is a river in Romania. It is long, and its basin area is . It is the longest river flowing exclusively through Romania. Its average discha ...
. * Town of Corabia with an ancient Roman citadel, a large orthodox cathedral,
Danube The Danube ( ; ) is a river that was once a long-standing frontier of the Roman Empire and today connects 10 European countries, running through their territories or being a border. Originating in Germany, the Danube flows southeast for , pa ...
sunbathes, sailing and fishing. * The town of
Scornicești Scornicești () is a town in Olt County, Romania, with a population of 11,766. The town administers 13 villages (Bălțați, Bircii, Chițeasca, Constantinești, Jitaru, Mărgineni-Slobozia, Mihăilești-Popești, Mogoșești, Negreni, Piscani, R ...
- the birthplace of
Nicolae Ceaușescu Nicolae Ceaușescu ( , ;  – 25 December 1989) was a Romanian communist politician and dictator. He was the general secretary of the Romanian Communist Party from 1965 to 1989, and the second and last Communist leader of Romania. He was ...
.


Politics

The Olt County Council, renewed at the 2020 local elections, consists of 32 counsellors, with the following party composition:


Administrative divisions

Olt County has 2 municipalities, 6 towns and 104 communes: *Municipalities **
Caracal The caracal (''Caracal caracal'') () is a medium-sized wild cat native to Africa, the Middle East, Central Asia, and arid areas of Pakistan and northwestern India. It is characterised by a robust build, long legs, a short face, long tufted e ...
** Slatina - capital city; population: 87,608 (as of 2007) *Towns **
Balș Balș () is a town in Olt County, Oltenia, Romania. The town administers three villages: Corbeni, Româna, and Teiș. Geography The town is situated on the Wallachian Plain and lies on the banks of the river Olteț. It is located in the northwe ...
** Corabia **
Drăgănești-Olt Drăgănești-Olt () is a town in Olt County, Muntenia, Romania. The first document mentioning it is from 1526. Drăgănești-Olt became a town in 1968. The town administers one village, Comani. Geography The town is situated on the Wallachian ...
**
Piatra Olt Piatra may refer to the following places: In Romania: *Piatra Neamț, a city in Neamț County *Piatra-Olt, a town in Olt County *Piatra, Teleorman, a commune in Teleorman County *Piatra, a village in Brăduleț, Argeș County *Piatra, a village in ...
**
Potcoava Potcoava is a town in Olt County, Muntenia, Romania. The town administers four villages: Potcoava-Fălcoeni, Sinești, Trufinești and Valea Merilor. The town is located in the northeastern part of the county, east of the county seat, Slatina, ...
**
Scornicești Scornicești () is a town in Olt County, Romania, with a population of 11,766. The town administers 13 villages (Bălțați, Bircii, Chițeasca, Constantinești, Jitaru, Mărgineni-Slobozia, Mihăilești-Popești, Mogoșești, Negreni, Piscani, R ...
*Communes **
Băbiciu Băbiciu is a Commune in Romania, commune in Olt County, Oltenia, Romania. It is composed of a single village, Băbiciu. The commune is located in the southeastern part of the county, on the right bank of the Olt (river), Olt River. References

**
Baldovinești Baldovinești is a commune in Olt County, Oltenia, Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to ...
** Bălteni ** Bărăști **
Bârza Bârza is a commune in Olt County, Oltenia, Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the we ...
**
Bobicești Bobicești is a commune in Olt County, Oltenia, Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to th ...
**
Brâncoveni Brâncoveni is a commune in Olt County, Oltenia, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Brâncoveni, Mărgheni, Ociogi and Văleni. Natives * Matei Basarab *Constantin Brâncoveanu Constantin Brâncoveanu (; 1654 – August 15, 1714) was ...
** Brastavățu ** Brebeni ** Bucinișu ** Cârlogani **
Călui Călui is a commune in Olt County, Oltenia, Romania. It is composed of two villages, Călui and Gura Căluiu. These were part of Oboga Oboga is a commune in Olt County, Oltenia, Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located a ...
**
Cezieni Cezieni is a commune in Olt County, Oltenia, Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the we ...
**
Cilieni Cilieni is a commune in Olt County, Oltenia, Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the we ...
** Colonești ** Corbu **
Coteana Coteana is a commune in Olt County, Muntenia, Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the ...
**
Crâmpoia Crâmpoia is a commune in Olt County, Muntenia, Romania. It is composed of two villages, Buta and Crâmpoia. Natives * Nicușor Bancu Nicușor Silviu Bancu (; born 18 September 1992) is a Romanian professional footballer who plays as a left-bac ...
**
Cungrea Cungrea is a commune in Olt County, Muntenia, Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the ...
** Curtișoara ** Dăneasa **
Deveselu Deveselu () is a commune in Olt County, Oltenia, Romania. It is composed of two villages, Comanca and Deveselu. Geography The commune is situated on the Wallachian Plain, about west of the river Olt. It is located in the south-central part of ...
** Dobrețu **
Dobrosloveni Dobrosloveni is a commune in Olt County, Oltenia, Romania. It is composed of five villages: Dobrosloveni, Frăsinetu, Potopinu, Reșca and Reșcuța. According to the 2002 census, it had a population of 3,909, of which 99% were ethnic Romanians. ...
**
Dobroteasa Dobroteasa is a commune in Olt County, Muntenia, Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to t ...
** Dobrun **
Drăghiceni Drăghiceni is a commune in Olt County, Oltenia, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Drăghiceni, Grozăvești, and Liiceni. Natives * Dumitru Marcu Dumitru "Mitică" Marcu (born 9 April 1950) is a Romanian former professional football ...
** Făgețelu **
Fălcoiu Fălcoiu is a commune in Olt County, Oltenia, Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the ...
**
Fărcașele Fărcașele is a Commune in Romania, commune in Olt County, Oltenia, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Fărcașele, Fărcașu de Jos, Ghimpați and Hotărani. References

Communes in Olt County Localities in Oltenia {{Olt-geo-stu ...
** Găneasa **
Găvănești Găvănești is a commune in Olt County, Oltenia, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Băleasa, Broșteni, Dâmburile and Găvănești. These were part of Baldovinești Baldovinești is a commune in Olt County, Oltenia, Romania Ro ...
** Gârcov ** Giuvărăști ** Ghimpețeni ** Gostavățu ** Grădinari ** Grădinile ** Grojdibodu **
Gura Padinii Gura Padinii is a commune in Olt County, Oltenia, Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern, and Southeast Europe, Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgari ...
**
Ianca Ianca () is a town in Brăila County, Muntenia, Romania. At the 2002 census, the town had a population of 12,886 people, making it Brăila County's second-largest urban locality. History The first mention of the town dates to 1834. It official ...
**
Iancu Jianu Iancu Jianu (; 1787 – 14 December 1842), also Ioniță Jianu, was a Wallachian Romanian hajduk. Biography Born in Caracal, Oltenia, Wallachia, in 1787, to the Jianu boyar family, as the youngest of four brothers. His father, Costache Jianu, w ...
**
Icoana Icoana is a Commune in Romania, commune in Olt County, Muntenia, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Floru, Icoana and Ursoaia. References

Communes in Olt County Localities in Muntenia {{Olt-geo-stub ...
** Ipotești ** Izbiceni ** Izvoarele ** Leleasca **
Mărunței Mărunței is a commune in Olt County, Muntenia, Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to ...
** Mihăești ** Milcov **
Morunglav Morunglav is a commune in Olt County, Oltenia, Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the ...
** Movileni **
Nicolae Titulescu Nicolae Titulescu (; 4 March 1882 – 17 March 1941) was a Romanian diplomat, at various times government minister, finance and foreign minister, and for two terms president of the General Assembly of the League of Nations (1930–32). Early ye ...
** Obârșia **
Oboga Oboga is a commune in Olt County, Oltenia, Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west ...
**
Oporelu Oporelu is a commune in Olt County, Muntenia, Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the ...
** Optași-Măgura ** Orlea **
Osica de Sus Osica de Sus is a Commune in Romania, commune in Olt County, Oltenia, Romania. It is composed of five villages: Greci, Osica de Sus, Ostrov, Tomeni and Vlăduleni. Natives * Gheorghe Șoarece International relations Osica de Sus is Twin towns an ...
**
Osica de Jos Osica de Jos (Romanian for "Lower Osica") is a commune in Olt County, in the historical region of Oltenia in Romania. It consists of two villages, Bobu and Osica de Jos. The commune was established in 2004 when the villages were split off from D ...
** Pârșcoveni ** Perieți **
Pleșoiu Pleșoiu is a Commune in Romania, commune in Olt County, Oltenia, Romania. It is composed of seven villages: Arcești, Arcești-Cot, Cocorăști, Doba, Pleșoiu, Schitu din Deal and Schitu din Vale. References

Communes in Olt County Loc ...
** Poboru **
Priseaca Priseaca is a Commune in Romania, commune in Olt County, Muntenia, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Buicești, Priseaca, and Săltănești. Natives * Diicul Buicescul References

Communes in Olt County Localities in Muntenia ...
** Radomirești **
Redea Redea is a commune in Olt County, Oltenia, Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the wes ...
** Rotunda ** Rusănești **
Sâmburești Sâmburești is a commune in Olt County, Muntenia, Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to ...
** Sârbii-Măgura ** Scărișoara ** Schitu ** Seaca **
Șerbănești Șerbănești is a commune in Olt County, Muntenia, Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary ...
** Slătioara ** Șopârlița **
Spineni Spineni is a commune in Olt County, Muntenia, Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the ...
** Sprâncenata **
Ștefan cel Mare Stephen III of Moldavia, most commonly known as Stephen the Great ( ro, Ștefan cel Mare; ; died on 2 July 1504), was Voivode (or Prince) of Moldavia from 1457 to 1504. He was the son of and co-ruler with Bogdan II, who was murdered in 1451 ...
** Stoenești ** Stoicănești **
Strejești Strejești is a commune in Olt County, Oltenia, Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to th ...
** Studina ** Tătulești ** Teslui **
Tia Mare Tia Mare is a Commune in Romania, commune in Olt County, Oltenia, Romania. It has 4496 inhabitants, nearly all of whom are Romanians and Romanian Orthodox Church, Romanian Orthodox. The commune is composed of three villages: Doanca, Potlogeni and ...
** Topana **
Traian Trajan ( ; la, Caesar Nerva Traianus; 18 September 539/11 August 117) was Roman emperor from 98 to 117. Officially declared ''optimus princeps'' ("best ruler") by the senate, Trajan is remembered as a successful soldier-emperor who presid ...
**
Tufeni Tufeni is a commune in Olt County, Muntenia, Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the ...
**
Urzica Urzica is a commune in Olt County, Oltenia, Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the we ...
** Vădastra ** Vădăstrița ** Vâlcele ** Valea Mare ** Văleni ** Verguleasa ** Vișina ** Vișina Nouă **
Vitomirești Vitomirești is a commune in Olt County, Muntenia, Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to ...
**
Vlădila Vlădila is a commune in Olt County, Oltenia, Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the ...
** Voineasa ** Vulpeni ** Vulturești


Historical county

Historically, the county was located in the southern part of
Greater Romania The term Greater Romania ( ro, România Mare) usually refers to the borders of the Kingdom of Romania in the interwar period, achieved after the Great Union. It also refers to a pan-nationalist idea. As a concept, its main goal is the creation ...
, in the western part of the historical region of
Muntenia Muntenia (, also known in English as Greater Wallachia) is a historical region of Romania, part of Wallachia (also, sometimes considered Wallachia proper, as ''Muntenia'', ''Țara Românească'', and the seldom used ''Valahia'' are synonyms in R ...
, around and in the south of
Bucharest Bucharest ( , ; ro, București ) is the capital and largest city of Romania, as well as its cultural, industrial, and financial centre. It is located in the southeast of the country, on the banks of the Dâmbovița River, less than north of ...
. The county included the north-eastern part of the current Olt county, the south-western part of the present Argeș County and the north-western part of the present
Teleorman County Teleorman County () is a county (județ) of Romania on the border with Bulgaria, in the historical region Muntenia, with its capital city at Alexandria. The name ''Teleorman'' is of Cumanic ( Turkic) origin. It literally means ''crazy forest'' ...
. During the interwar years, it was bordered to the north by Argeș County, to the east by the counties of Argeş and Teleorman, to the south by Teleorman County, and in the west by the counties of Romanați and Vâlcea.


Administration

The county originally was divided into three administrative districts ('' plăși''):Portretul României Interbelice - Județul Olt
/ref> #Plasa Drăgănești, headquartered at Drăgănești #Plasa Dumitrești, headquartered at
Dumitrești Dumitrești is a commune located in Vrancea County, Romania. It is composed of sixteen villages: Biceștii de Jos, Biceștii de Sus, Blidari, Dumitrești, Dumitreștii de Sus, Dumitreștii-Faţă, Găloiești, Lăstuni, Lupoaia, Motnău, Poieni ...
#Plasa Spineni, headquartered at
Spineni Spineni is a commune in Olt County, Muntenia, Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the ...
Subsequently, the county established an additional district:
  1. Plasa Mijlocul, headquartered at Mijlocul


Population

According to the 1930 census data, the county population was 183,595 inhabitants, ethnically divided as follows: 98.2% Romanians, 1.2% Romanies, as well as other minorities. From the religious point of view, the population was 99.5% Eastern Orthodox, 0.2% Roman Catholic, 0.1% Jewish, as well as other minorities.


Urban population

In 1930, the county's urban population was 11,243 inhabitants, comprising 92.5% Romanians, 2.5% Hungarians, 1.5% Jews, 0.8% Germans, as well as other minorities. From the religious point of view, the urban population was composed of 94.1% Eastern Orthodox, 2.3% Roman Catholic, 1.6% Jewish, 0.9% Reformed, 0.6% Lutheran, as well as other minorities.


References

{{Authority control Counties of Romania Geography of Wallachia 1879 establishments in Romania 1938 disestablishments in Romania 1940 establishments in Romania 1950 disestablishments in Romania 1968 establishments in Romania States and territories established in 1879 States and territories disestablished in 1938 States and territories established in 1940 States and territories disestablished in 1950 States and territories established in 1968