The Nivaclé are an
indigenous people of the Gran Chaco
The Gran Chaco or Dry Chaco is a sparsely populated, hot and semiarid lowland natural region of the Río de la Plata basin, divided among eastern Bolivia, western Paraguay, northern Argentina, and a portion of the Brazilian states of Mato Gr ...
. An estimated 13,700 Nivaclé people live in the
President Hayes
Rutherford Birchard Hayes (; October 4, 1822 – January 17, 1893) was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 19th president of the United States from 1877 to 1881, after serving in the U.S. House of Representatives and as governo ...
and
Boquerón Department Boquerón may refer to:
* Boquerón, Cuba
* Boquerón, Las Piedras, Puerto Rico
*Boquerón, Cabo Rojo, Puerto Rico
* Boquerón Bay, Puerto Rico
* Boquerón, Chiriquí, Panama
* Boquerón Department, Paraguay
* Boquerón (island), an island in the Ar ...
s in Paraguay, while approximately 200 Nivaclé people live in the
Salta Province of Argentina.
[ A very small number of Nivaclé live in ]Tarija, Bolivia
Tarija or San Bernardo de la Frontera de Tarixa is a city in southern Bolivia. Founded in 1574, Tarija is the largest city and capital and municipality within the Tarija Department, with an airport ( Capitán Oriel Lea Plaza Airport, (TJA)) off ...
.
In the last 50 years, 15,000 Mennonite
Mennonites are groups of Anabaptist Christian church communities of denominations. The name is derived from the founder of the movement, Menno Simons (1496–1561) of Friesland. Through his writings about Reformed Christianity during the Radi ...
s from Canada, Russia, and Germany have settled in traditional Nivaclé territory.[
]
Groups
They have five subgroups, which are as follows:
* Tovoc Lhavos, river people: Chishamnee Lhavos, people from above
* Tovoc Lhavos, river people: Shichaam Lhavos, people from below
* Yita' Lhavos, forest people; this group is also known as C’utjaan Lhavos ‘people of the thorns’)
* Jotoi Lhavos, people of the esparto grass
Esparto, halfah grass, or esparto grass is a fiber produced from two species of perennial grasses of north Africa, Spain and Portugal. It is used for crafts, such as cords, basketry, and espadrilles. '' Stipa tenacissima'' and '' Lygeum spart ...
* Tavashai Lhavos, people of the savanna.["Nivaclé - Orientation."]
''Countries and Their Cultures.'' Retrieved 3 August 2012.
Name
Nivaclé is an autonym, meaning "human."[ They are also known as the Ashlushlay, Axluslay, Chulupí, and Nivaklé people.][
]
Language
They speak the Nivaclé language
Nivaclé is a Matacoan language spoken in Paraguay and in Argentina by the Nivaclé. It is also known as Chulupí and Ashluslay, and in older sources has been called Ashluslé, Suhin, Sujín, Chunupí, Churupí, Choropí, and other variant sp ...
, which has two dialects: Forest Nivaclé and River Nivaclé. Nivaclé is one of the Mataco-Guaicuru languages. A dictionary has been published for the language, and the Bible was translated into Nivaclé in 1995.[
]
External links
''Hombre de Guerra,''
documentary
Notes
{{DEFAULTSORT:Nivacle People
Indigenous peoples in Argentina
Indigenous peoples in Bolivia
Indigenous peoples in Paraguay
Indigenous peoples of the Gran Chaco