Newborough ( cy, Niwbwrch) is a village in the south-western corner of the

Isle of Anglesey Anglesey (; cy, (Ynys) Môn ) is an island off the north-west coast of Wales. It forms a principal area known as the Isle of Anglesey, that includes Holy Island across the narrow Cymyran Strait and some islets and skerries. Anglesey island, ...

Wales Wales ( cy, Cymru ) is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. It is bordered by England to the Wales–England border, east, the Irish Sea to the north and west, the Celtic Sea to the south west and the ...

; it is in the

community A community is a social unit (a group of living things) with commonality such as place, norms, religion, values, customs, or identity. Communities may share a sense of place situated in a given geographical area (e.g. a country, village, tow ...

(and former

electoral ward A ward is a local authority area, typically used for electoral purposes. In some countries, wards are usually named after neighbourhoods, thoroughfares, parishes, landmarks, geographical features and in some cases historical figures connected to t ...

) of

Rhosyr Rhosyr is a community in the far southern corner of Anglesey, Wales. It includes the villages of Dwyran and Newborough, Llangeinwen and Llangaffo. The community population taken at the 2011 census was 2,226. and includes Llanddwyn Island a ...

, which has a population of 2,169, increasing to 2,226 at the 2011 census. the village itself having a population of 892 with 68% born in Wales.

History

medieval In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries, similar to the Post-classical, post-classical period of World history (field), global history. It began with t ...

Gwynedd Gwynedd (; ) is a county and preserved county (latter with differing boundaries; includes the Isle of Anglesey) in the north-west of Wales. It shares borders with Powys, Conwy County Borough, Denbighshire, Anglesey over the Menai Strait, and C ...

was the royal

demesne A demesne ( ) or domain was all the land retained and managed by a lord of the manor under the feudal system for his own use, occupation, or support. This distinguished it from land sub-enfeoffed by him to others as sub-tenants. The concept or ...

( cy, maerdref) and seat of governance for the

commote A commote (Welsh ''cwmwd'', sometimes spelt in older documents as ''cymwd'', plural ''cymydau'', less frequently ''cymydoedd'')''Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru'' (University of Wales Dictionary), p. 643 was a secular division of land in Medieval Wales ...

of Menai.Lloyd, John E. ''A History of Wales from the Earliest Times to the Edwardian Conquest''
p. 232
Longmans, Green, & Co. (London), 1911. Accessed 20 Feb 2013. The ruined court buildings of

Llys Rhosyr Llys Rhosyr, also known as "Cae Llys", is an archaeological site near Newborough in Anglesey; the ruins of a pre-Edwardian commotal court. The Welsh word ''llys'' originally referred to an enclosed open-air space but gradually took on the mean ...

('Rhosyr

Court A court is any person or institution, often as a government institution, with the authority to adjudicate legal disputes between parties and carry out the administration of justice in civil, criminal, and administrative matters in accordance ...

') lie on the outskirts of the present village. Their precise nature is uncertain, but archaeologists at

Gwynedd Archaeological Trust The Gwynedd Archaeological Trust ( cy, Ymddiriedolaeth Archeolegol Gwynedd) is an Archaeological Trust organisation established in 1974; it is one of four Welsh Archaeological Trusts. The trust maintains Historic Environment Records for their ar ...

consider them to have been a royal home and have established an exhibition of their findings in the village's Pritchard Jones Institute. Modern Newborough was founded by citizens of

Llanmaes Llanmaes ( cy, Llanfaes) is a small village and community in the Vale of Glamorgan near the market town of Llantwit Major. The population in 2011 was 403. Amenities Llanmaes has a long history, with remains of a Roman fort in fields next to ...

in eastern Anglesey who were evicted by

Edward I Edward I (17/18 June 1239 – 7 July 1307), also known as Edward Longshanks and the Hammer of the Scots, was King of England and Lord of Ireland from 1272 to 1307. Concurrently, he ruled the duchies of Aquitaine and Gascony as a vassal o ...

in 1294 in order to promote his new port of

Beaumaris Beaumaris ( ; cy, Biwmares ) is a town and community on the Isle of Anglesey in Wales, of which it is the former county town of Anglesey. It is located at the eastern entrance to the Menai Strait, the tidal waterway separating Anglesey from ...

. It was, literally, established as a "new borough" and gained its charter in 1303. In the 16th century, Newborough was the

county town In the United Kingdom and Ireland, a county town is the most important town or city in a county. It is usually the location of administrative or judicial functions within a county and the place where the county's members of Parliament are elect ...

Anglesey Anglesey (; cy, (Ynys) Môn ) is an island off the north-west coast of Wales. It forms a principal area known as the Isle of Anglesey, that includes Holy Island across the narrow Cymyran Strait and some islets and skerries. Anglesey island ...

. It was home to a thriving

marram grass ''Ammophila'' (synonymous with ''Psamma'' P. Beauv.) is a genus of flowering plants consisting of two or three very similar species of grasses. The common names for these grasses include marram grass, bent grass, and beachgrass. These grasses ar ...

industry, used for producing matting, nets and rope. From 1541 to 1553 the constituency of Newborough returned a member to the English Parliament. John Morgan, a blind musician living around 1740, played the

crwth The crwth (, also called a crowd or rote or crotta) is a bowed lyre, a type of stringed instrument, associated particularly with Welsh music, now archaic but once widely played in Europe. Four historical examples have survived and are to be foun ...

in the village. Newborough is the home of the

Prichard Jones Institute Prichard may refer to: People *Alan Prichard (1907–1986), New Zealand aviator *Bruce Prichard (born 1963), American professional wrestling personality *Caradog Prichard (1904–1980), Welsh poet and novelist * Gwilym Prichard (1931–2015), Welsh ...

, considered an exceptional example of an early 20th-century public institution. The Institute and the six single-storey cottage homes that accompany it were a gift to the village by Sir

John Prichard-Jones Sir John Prichard-Jones, 1st Baronet (31 May 1841 – 17 October 1917) was a self-made Welsh business man of the Victorian and Edwardian era. His main business was the London West End department store Dickins & Jones. For most of his life, his ...

, who was born in Newborough. Sir John served an apprenticeship as a draper, eventually rising to become chairman of the

Dickins & Jones Dickins & Jones was a high-quality department store in London, England, which traded between 1835 and 2007, although tracing its origins to 1790. From 1835, the main store was in London's Regent Street. In its final years the store had branches a ...

department store A department store is a retail establishment offering a wide range of consumer goods in different areas of the store, each area ("department") specializing in a product category. In modern major cities, the department store made a dramatic app ...

in London, to which he gave his name. The Institute was designed by Roland Lloyd Jones and completed in 1905 at a cost of £20,000. The neo-Tudor style two-storey building, complete with clock tower, is an unusually lofty design for a location often buffeted by strong south-westerly winds. The Institute appeared on the BBC2 programme, ''

Restoration Restoration is the act of restoring something to its original state and may refer to: * Conservation and restoration of cultural heritage ** Audio restoration ** Film restoration ** Image restoration ** Textile restoration * Restoration ecology ...

'', in 2006. The Welsh name 'Niwbwrch' (pronounced as: nɪʊbuːrx) is a corrupted form of the English; 'Newborough' with the silent letters 'gh' mistaken for the Welsh letter 'Ch' which is pronounced aloud with the

voiceless velar fricative The voiceless velar fricative is a type of consonantal sound used in some spoken languages. It was part of the consonant inventory of Old English and can still be found in some dialects of English, most notably in Scottish English, e.g. in ''loc ...

akin to how the Welsh surname 'Goch' mutated into the anglicised spelling 'Gough'. This was the original pronunciation of "gh" in English before it became silent.

Today

The village and its environs provides walking opportunities for visitors, including at

Newborough Warren Newborough Warren ( cy, Tywyn Niwbwrch) near the village of Newborough, Anglesey, Newborough (''Niwbwrch'') is a large dune and beach system of , approximately half of which is a conifer plantation. The whole area is designated as a Site of Speci ...

, one of the largest areas of sand dunes in the British Isles, and

Newborough Forest Newborough Forest (Welsh: Coedwig Niwbwrch) is a forest to the west of Newborough, Anglesey, North Wales. It is one of the most important red squirrel conservation sites in the United Kingdom. It appears increasingly likely that there are now o ...

, a woodland. Much of the area around Newborough is a

nature reserve A nature reserve (also known as a wildlife refuge, wildlife sanctuary, biosphere reserve or bioreserve, natural or nature preserve, or nature conservation area) is a protected area of importance for flora, fauna, or features of geological or ...

, popular for those interested in geology, botany, birds and other wildlife. There is a large sandy

Blue Flag beach The Blue Flag is a certification by the Foundation for Environmental Education (FEE) that a beach, marina, or sustainable boating tourism operator meets its standards. The Blue Flag is a trademark owned by FEE, which is a not-for-profit non-gov ...

at Llanddwyn, which provides access to

Ynys Llanddwyn Ynys Llanddwyn (also known as Llanddwyn Island) is a small tidal island off the west coast of Anglesey (Welsh language, Welsh: Ynys Môn), northwest Wales. The nearest settlement is the village of Newborough, Anglesey, Newborough. Geology and g ...

, a mile-long rocky promontory. The remains of the 16th-century church of

Dwynwen Saint Dwynwen (; 5th century), sometimes known as Dwyn or Donwen, is the Welsh patron saint of lovers. She is celebrated throughout Wales on 25 January. History and legend The original tale has become mixed with elements of folktales ...

, the Welsh

patron saint A patron saint, patroness saint, patron hallow or heavenly protector is a saint who in Catholicism, Anglicanism, or Eastern Orthodoxy is regarded as the heavenly advocate of a nation, place, craft, activity, class, clan, family, or perso ...

of lovers, is located on the island. The beach is a popular

kitesurfing Kiteboarding or kitesurfing is a sport that involves using wind power with a large power kite to pull a rider across a water, land, or snow surface. It combines aspects of paragliding, surfing, windsurfing, skateboarding, snowboarding, and wak ...

location. Newborough has a primary school, Ysgol Gynradd Niwbwrch, which in 2017 had 63 pupils, 71% of whom came from Welsh-speaking homes. Just outside the village is Tacla Taid, the Anglesey Transport and Agriculture Museum, the largest of its kind in Wales.

People from Newborough

*Sir

, 1st Baronet (1841–1917), businessman, partner in the London department store

*William Jones (1842–1907), master mariner, industrialist and civic leader, settled in Tasmania, Australia * Grace Wynne Griffith (1888–1963) novelist writing in Welsh, joint prize winner at the National Eisteddford in 1934.

Movies and television filmed in Newborough

* ''

Coast The coast, also known as the coastline or seashore, is defined as the area where land meets the ocean, or as a line that forms the boundary between the land and the coastline. The Earth has around of coastline. Coasts are important zones in n ...

'',

BBC #REDIRECT BBC #REDIRECT BBC #REDIRECT BBC Here i going to introduce about the best teacher of my life b BALAJI sir. He is the precious gift that I got befor 2yrs . How has helped and thought all the concept and made my success in the 10th board ex ...

television series * '' Half Light'', 2006

horror film Horror is a film genre that seeks to elicit fear or disgust in its audience for entertainment purposes. Horror films often explore dark subject matter and may deal with transgressive topics or themes. Broad elements include monsters, apoca ...

starring

Demi Moore Demi Gene Moore ( ; née Guynes; born November 11, 1962) is an American actress. After making her film debut in 1981, Moore appeared on the soap opera ''General Hospital'' (1982–1984) and subsequently gained recognition as a member of the Bra ...

* '' Clash Of The Titans'', 2010

historical fantasy Historical fantasy is a category of fantasy and genre of historical fiction that incorporates fantastic elements (such as magic) into a more "realistic" narrative. There is much crossover with other subgenres of fantasy; those classed as Arthur ...

film starring

Sam Worthington Samuel Henry John Worthington (born 2 August 1976) is an Australian actor. He is best known for playing Jake Sully in ''Avatar'' and its sequel, ''Avatar: The Way of Water''; Marcus Wright in ''Terminator Salvation'', and Perseus in '' Clash o ...

Photos of Newborough

File:HendreFawrNewborough.jpg,

Snowdon Snowdon () or (), is the highest mountain in Wales, at an elevation of above sea level, and the highest point in the British Isles outside the Scottish Highlands. It is located in Snowdonia National Park (') in Gwynedd (historic ...

and

Snowdonia Snowdonia or Eryri (), is a mountainous region in northwestern Wales and a national park of in area. It was the first to be designated of the three national parks in Wales, in 1951. Name and extent It was a commonly held belief that the nam ...

from Hendre Fawr farm File:Newboroughbeachcarpark.jpg, Newborough beach car park File:KitesurfingNewborough.JPG, Kitesurfing on Newborough beach File:Gateway leading to St Peter's Church, Newborough, Ynys Mon, Wales 03.jpg, Gateway leading to St Peter's Church

References

External links

"Criw Niwbwrch / Official Friends of the village website"More History of Newborough / Hanes Niwbwrch""This walk is near Newborough village (BBC)"Prichard Jones Institute (BBC)Llys Rhosyr (BBC)photos of Newborough and surrounding area on geograph
{{authority control Rhosyr Coast of Anglesey Villages in Anglesey Populated coastal places in Wales