Indigenous-based organized crime (IBOC), formerly known as Aboriginal-based organized crime (ABOC), is a term used to refer to Canadian criminal organizations which have a significant percentage of

indigenous Indigenous may refer to: *Indigenous peoples *Indigenous (ecology), presence in a region as the result of only natural processes, with no human intervention *Indigenous (band), an American blues-rock band *Indigenous (horse), a Hong Kong racehorse ...

members. These organizations are primarily found in the

prairie provinces The Canadian Prairies (usually referred to as simply the Prairies in Canada) is a region in Western Canada. It includes the Canadian portion of the Great Plains and the Prairie Provinces, namely Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba. These provin ...

, which tend to have areas with high concentrations of people of indigenous descent. IBOC is an important national monitored issue, as defined by

Criminal Intelligence Service Canada Criminal Intelligence Service Canada (CISC; french: Service canadien de renseignements criminels) is an inter-agency organization in Canada designed to coordinate and share criminal intelligence amongst member police forces. Established in 1970, th ...

Criminal activities

There is confusion about how to properly intervene in preventing the growth of these gangs. One approach in

Winnipeg Winnipeg () is the capital and largest city of the province of Manitoba in Canada. It is centred on the confluence of the Red and Assiniboine rivers, near the longitudinal centre of North America. , Winnipeg had a city population of 749, ...

recommended an all-indigenous school board in the face of increased gang involvement by indigenous youth. These schools are viewed as a means of increasing respect for traditional indigenous values while allowing youth to avoid involvement in gangs. There is caution toward such strategies due to the fear that these schools, purely as an anti-crime initiative, will lead to

ghettoization A ghetto, often called ''the'' ghetto, is a part of a city in which members of a minority group live, especially as a result of political, social, legal, environmental or economic pressure. Ghettos are often known for being more impoverished t ...

. The thought of creating an indigenous school system struck some as reeking of

segregation Segregation may refer to: Separation of people * Geographical segregation, rates of two or more populations which are not homogenous throughout a defined space * School segregation * Housing segregation * Racial segregation, separation of humans ...

. Similar initiatives have been discussed in

Saskatchewan Saskatchewan ( ; ) is a province in western Canada, bordered on the west by Alberta, on the north by the Northwest Territories, on the east by Manitoba, to the northeast by Nunavut, and on the south by the U.S. states of Montana and North Dak ...

, leading to a recommendation by the

Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations The Federation of Sovereign Indigenous Nations (FSIN), formerly known as the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations, is a Saskatchewan-based First Nations organization. It represents 74 First Nations in Saskatchewan and is committed to honouri ...

in late 2009.

Indigenous street gangs

Indigenous gangs, as the Criminal Intelligence Service Canada classifies them, have surpassed outlaw motorcycle gangs and Italian organized crime syndicates as the largest single group held in federal prisons, with 1,936 members serving federal sentences. Examples include: * Alberta Warriors * Indian MafiaWhen 'loyalty or death' crumbles: Leaving gangs after 15 years in the life
Alec Salloum,

Canadian Broadcasting Corporation The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (french: Société Radio-Canada), branded as CBC/Radio-Canada, is a Canadian public broadcaster for both radio and television. It is a federal Crown corporation that receives funding from the government. ...

(18 October 2019) *

Indian Posse The Indian Posse (IP) is an indigenous street gang set in Western Canada based in Winnipeg, Manitoba. It is one of the largest street gangs in Canada. Criminal Intelligence Service Canada (CISC) has designated the IP as being a member of indige ...

* Kelowna Warriors *

Manitoba Warriors The Manitoba Warriors (MW) are an indigenous street gang based in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. Predominantly based in the Central and North End neighbourhoods of the city, the gang is an exclusively indigenous organization that was established on ...

* Most Organized Brothers * Native Syndicate * Native Syndicate Killers *

Redd Alert Redd Alert (RA) are an indigenous Canadian organized crime group which operates as both a prison gang and a street gang. History Redd Alert was established in 1999 by Robert Lee Wenger along with other First Nations inmates of Cree, Anishinaabe ...

* Saskatchewan Warriors * Terror Squad * Terror Squad Killers

References

{{Canadian gangs Indigenous gangs First Nations Gangs in Alberta Gangs in British Columbia Gangs in Manitoba

Criminal activities

Indigenous street gangs

See also

References