were officials of the
Tokugawa shogunate
The Tokugawa shogunate (, Japanese 徳川幕府 ''Tokugawa bakufu''), also known as the , was the military government of Japan during the Edo period from 1603 to 1868. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005)"''Tokugawa-jidai''"in ''Japan Encyclopedia ...
in
Edo period
The or is the period between 1603 and 1867 in the history of Japan, when Japan was under the rule of the Tokugawa shogunate and the country's 300 regional '' daimyo''. Emerging from the chaos of the Sengoku period, the Edo period was characteriz ...
Japan. Appointments to this prominent office were usually ''
fudai daimyōs'', but this was amongst the senior administrative posts open to those who were not ''
daimyō
were powerful Japanese magnates, feudal lords who, from the 10th century to the early Meiji era, Meiji period in the middle 19th century, ruled most of Japan from their vast, hereditary land holdings. They were subordinate to the shogun and n ...
s''.
[Beasley, William G. (1955). ''Select Documents on Japanese Foreign Policy, 1853–1868'', p. 325.] Conventional interpretations have construed these Japanese titles as "commissioner" or "overseer" or "governor".
This ''
bakufu'' tile identifies an official responsible for administration of the pre-
Heian capital city of
Nara
The National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) is an " independent federal agency of the United States government within the executive branch", charged with the preservation and documentation of government and historical records. It i ...
. The numbers of men holding the title concurrently would vary over time.
Shogunal city
During this period, Nara ranked with the largest urban centers, some of which were designated as a "shogunal city". The number of such cities rose from three to eleven under Tokugawa administration.
[ Cullen, Louis M. (2003)]
''A History of Japan, 1582–1941: Internal and External Worlds'', p. 159.
/ref>
List of Nara ''bugyō''
:
See also
* bugyō
Notes
References
* Beasley, William G. (1955)
''Select Documents on Japanese Foreign Policy, 1853–1868''.
London: Oxford University Press
Oxford University Press (OUP) is the university press of the University of Oxford. It is the largest university press in the world, and its printing history dates back to the 1480s. Having been officially granted the legal right to print books ...
. eprinted by RoutledgeCurzon, London, 2001. (cloth)">RoutledgeCurzon.html" ;"title="eprinted by RoutledgeCurzon">eprinted by RoutledgeCurzon, London, 2001. (cloth)* Cullen, Louis M. (2003)
''A History of Japan, 1582–1941: Internal and External Worlds''.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Government of feudal Japan
Officials of the Tokugawa shogunate
{{Japan-hist-stub