Claude Antoine Jean Georges Napoléon Coste (27 June 1805 – 14 January 1883) was a French classical guitarist and composer.

Biography

Napoléon Coste was born in Amondans (

Doubs Doubs (, ; ; frp, Dubs) is a department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in Eastern France. Named after the river Doubs, it had a population of 543,974 in 2019.Besançon Besançon (, , , ; archaic german: Bisanz; la, Vesontio) is the prefecture of the department of Doubs in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté. The city is located in Eastern France, close to the Jura Mountains and the border with Switzer ...

, France. He was first taught the guitar by his mother, an accomplished player. As a teenager he became a teacher of the instrument and appeared in three concerts in the Franche-Comté. In 1829, at the age of 24, he moved to Paris where he studied under Fernando Sor and quickly established himself as the leading French virtuoso guitarist ource: Ari van Vliet: Napoléon Coste, Biography, 2016However, the demand for guitarists was in decline and, though his brilliance provided financial stability he had to self-publish his works. Napoléon Coste was influenced by the Early Classical-Romantic composers of the time including Hector Berlioz. Coste's Opus no.47, La Source du Lyson is inspired by nature much like Berlioz's program music. Coste injured his left shoulder in 1863 as a result of an accident but this didn't bring his performing career to an end because he performed in public until 1881. After Sor's death, Coste edited and republished Sor's original method for guitar as ''Méthode complète pour la Guitare par Ferdinand Sor, rédigée et augmentée'' efingered and expanded''de nombreux exemples et leçons par N. Coste''. Coste was a member of the

masonic Freemasonry or Masonry refers to fraternal organisations that trace their origins to the local guilds of stonemasons that, from the end of the 13th century, regulated the qualifications of stonemasons and their interaction with authorities ...

lodge Les Frères Unis Inséparables. He had a special fondness for playing on a

seven string guitar The seven-string guitar adds one additional string to the more common six-string guitar, commonly used to extend the bass range (usually a low B) or also to extend the treble range. The additional string is added in one of two different ways: by ...

. He is known as one of the first composers to transcribe guitar music of the 17th century into modern musical notation. He died at age 77, leaving a significant catalogue of original compositions. Napoleon Coste was famous for his unique seven string guitar with a “floating” 7th string typically tuned to D or C called the Lacôte Heptachord. Tonally this invention created more depth when played as the floating string would vibrate sympathetically even as the other strings were plucked.

List of works

Works published with opus numbers

*Op. 2: ''Variations et Finale... sur un motif favori de la Famille Suisse de Weigl'' ("Variations and Finale ... on a favorite theme of the Swiss Family Weigl") *Op. 3: ''2 Quadrilles de contredanses'' ("2 Contredance Quadrilles") *Op. 4: ''Fantasie ... composée sur un motif du 'Ballet d'Armide ("Fantasy ... Composed on a Theme from ''Armida's Ball''") *Op. 5: ''Souvenirs de Flandres'' ("Memories of Flanders") *Op. 6: ''Fantaisie de concert'' ("Fantasy Concert") *Op. 7: ''16 Valses favorites de Johann Strauss'' ("16 Waltz Favorites by Johann Strauss") *Op. 9: ''Divertissement sur 'Lucia di Lammermoor ("Divertissement on he opera''Lucia di Lammermoor''") *Op. 10: ''Scherzo et pastorale'' (for two guitars) *Op. 11: ''Grand caprice'' *Op. 12: ''Rondeau de concert'' *Op. 13: ''Caprice sur … La Cachucha'' *Op. 14: ''Deuxième Polonaise'' ("Second Polonaise") *Op. 15: ''Le Tournoi fantaisie chevaleresque'' ("The Fantasy Chivalry Tournament") *Op. 16: ''Fantaisie sur deux motifs de la 'Norma ("Fantasy on Themes from he opera''Norma''") *Op. 17: ''La Vallée d'Ornans'' ("The Ornans Valley") *Op. 18: ''Les Bords du Rhin'' ("The Banks of the Rhine") *Op. 19: ''Delfzil'' *Op. 19b: ''La Romanesca'' *Op. 20: ''Le Zuyderzée'' ("The Zuyderzee") *Op. 21: ''Les Cloches'' ("The Bells") *Op. 22: ''Meulan'' *Op. 23: ''Les Soirées d'Auteuil'' ("Evenings in Auteuil") *Op. 24: ''Grand solo'' *Op. 25: ''Romance pour hautbois et piano'' *Op. 27: ''Le Passage des Alpes'' ("The Trail in the Alps") *Op. 28b: ''Fantaisie symphonique'' ("Symphonic Fantasy") *Op. 29: ''La Chasse des sylphes'' ("The Hunt of the Sylphes") *Op. 30: ''Grande sérénade'' *Op. 31: ''Le Départ, fantaisie dramatique'' ("The Departure, Dramatic Fantasy") *Op. 33: ''Mazurka'' *Op. 34: ''Le Montagnard'' Divertissement Pastoral pour Hautbois ou Violon et Piano ou Guitare *Op. 36: ''Cantilène pour hautbois et piano'' *Op. 37: ''Cavatine pour hautbois et piano'' *Op. 38: ''25 Études de genre'' ("25 Typical Études") *Op. 39: ''Andante et menuet'' *Op. 41: ''Feuilles d'automne'' ("Autumn Leaves") *Op. 42: ''La Ronde de Mai'' ("May Rondo") *Op. 43: ''Marche funèbre et rondeau'' ("Funeral March and Rondo") *Op. 44: ''Andante et polonaise (Souvenirs du Jura)'' ("Memories of Jura") *Op. 45: ''Divagation'' ("Wandering") *Op. 46 ''Valse Favorite'' ("Favorite Waltz") *Op. 47: ''La Source du Lyson'' ("The Lyson River Spring") *Op. 48: ''Quatre Marches'' *Op. 49: ''Six Préludes'' *Op. 50: ''Adagio et divertissements'' *Op. 51: ''Récréation du Guitariste'' ("The Guitarist's Break"). *Op. 52: ''Le Livre d'or du guitariste'' ("The Guitarist's Golden Book"). *Op. 53: ''Six Pièces originales (Rêverie, Rondeau, 2 Menuets, Scherzo, Étude)''

Works without opus numbers

*''Méditation de nuit'' ("Night Meditation") *''Andante et allegro'' *''Divertissement'' *''Introduction et variations sur un motif de Rossini'' ("Introduction and Variations on a Theme by Rossini") *''Berceuse'' ("Lullaby") *''Kleines Tonstück'' *''Pastorale'' *''Valse en ré majeur '' ("Waltz in D major") *''Valse en la majeur'' ("Waltz in A major") *''Valse des roses'' ("Waltz of the Roses") *''Duetto''

Sources

Instruments

Photos of Coste's guitar made by René Lacote
(Museum ''Cité de la Musique'' in Paris)

by Gregg Miner (www.harpguitars.net)
Lacôte / Coste Heptacorde
by Bernhard Kresse (www.harpguitars.net)
Nine-string guitar, 1827 by René Lacôte
(belonged to Eugène Peletin of Paris, a student of Napoleon Coste. It was part of Coste's collection.)
The Lacôte-Coste guitar
by Bruno Marlat (see page 6

Sheet music

Rischel & Birket-Smith's Collection of guitar music1
Det Kongelige Bibliotek, Denmark
Boije Collection
The Music Library of Sweden *
Free scores
at the Mutopia Project
Napoléon Coste Complete Works

Bibliography

* Noël Roncet: ''Napoleon Coste, Composer, 1805-1883'' (London: Tecla Editions, 2008) * Ari van Vliet: ''Napoléon Coste: Composer and Guitarist in the Musical Life of 19th-Century Paris'' (Zwolle: Cumuli Foundation, 2015) * Ingrid & Werner Holzschuh (editors): ''Napoleon Coste. Späte Briefe, 1867-1882'' (Hamburg: Trekel, 2016)

References

External links

on Naxos Records site. {{DEFAULTSORT:Coste, Napoleon 1805 births 1883 deaths 19th-century classical composers 19th-century French composers 19th-century French male musicians Composers for the classical guitar French classical guitarists French male classical composers French male guitarists French Romantic composers People from Doubs 19th-century guitarists