NASA Astronaut Group 10 (nicknamed "The Maggots") was a group of 17

astronauts An astronaut (from the Ancient Greek (), meaning 'star', and (), meaning 'sailor') is a person trained, equipped, and deployed by a human spaceflight program to serve as a commander or crew member aboard a spacecraft. Although generally r ...

that were announced on May 23, 1984 and consisted of seven pilots and ten mission specialists. Although selected in 1984, no member of the group would fly until 1988 (William Shepherd on

STS-27 STS-27 was the 27th NASA Space Shuttle mission, and the third flight of Space Shuttle ''Atlantis''. Launching on December 2, 1988, on a four-day mission, it was the second shuttle flight after the Space Shuttle ''Challenger'' disaster of Janu ...

) due to the ''Challenger'' disaster and the resulting grounding of the Space Shuttle fleet.

Achievements

Of this group, several spaceflight firsts were achieved: *First American-born Hispanic astronaut and first Hispanic shuttle pilot and commander: Sidney Gutierrez (June 5, 1991,

STS-40 STS-40, the eleventh launch of Space Shuttle ''Columbia'', was a nine-day mission in June 1991. It carried the Spacelab module for Spacelab Life Sciences 1 (SLS-1), the fifth Spacelab mission and the first dedicated solely to biology. STS-40 w ...

) *First

International Space Station The International Space Station (ISS) is the largest modular space station currently in low Earth orbit. It is a multinational collaborative project involving five participating space agencies: NASA (United States), Roscosmos (Russia), JAXA ...

commander:

William Shepherd William McMichael "Bill" Shepherd (born July 26, 1949), (Capt, USN, Ret.), is an American former Navy SEAL, aerospace, ocean, and mechanical engineer, and NASA astronaut, who served as Commander of Expedition 1, the first crew on the Internatio ...

(October 31, 2000,

Expedition 1 Expedition 1 was the first long-duration stay on the International Space Station (ISS). The three-person crew stayed aboard the station for 136 days, from November 2000 to March 2001. It was the beginning of an uninterrupted human presence on the ...

) *First person to command five space missions and tallest person in space: James Wetherbee (November 23, 2002,

STS-113 STS-113 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) flown by Space Shuttle '' Endeavour''. During the 14-day mission in late 2002, ''Endeavour'' and its crew extended the ISS backbone with the P1 truss and exchanged the ...

) *First

submarine A submarine (or sub) is a watercraft capable of independent operation underwater. It differs from a submersible, which has more limited underwater capability. The term is also sometimes used historically or colloquially to refer to remotely op ...

r in space: Michael McCulley (October 18, 1989, STS-34)

Group members

Pilots

Kenneth D. Cameron Kenneth Donald Cameron (born November 29, 1949), (Colonel (United States), Col, United States Marine Corps, USMC, Ret.), is a retired American United States naval aviator, naval aviator, test pilot, engineer, United States Marine Corps, U.S. M ...

(born 1949), U.S. Marine Corps (3 flights) :

STS-37 STS-37, the thirty-ninth NASA Space Shuttle mission and the eighth flight of the Space Shuttle Atlantis, Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'', was a six-day mission with the primary objective of launching the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO), the sec ...

— April 1991 — Pilot —

Compton Gamma Ray Observatory The Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO) was a space observatory detecting photons with energies from 20 k eV to 30 GeV, in Earth orbit from 1991 to 2000. The observatory featured four main telescopes in one spacecraft, covering X-ra ...

deployment :

STS-56 STS-56 was a NASA Space Shuttle ''Discovery'' mission to perform special experiments. The mission was launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida, on April 8, 1993. Crew Mission highlights The primary payload of the flight was the Atm ...

— April 1993 — Commander — ATLAS-2, solar observation experiments, first radio contact between the Space Shuttle and ''

Mir ''Mir'' (russian: Мир, ; ) was a space station that operated in low Earth orbit from 1986 to 2001, operated by the Soviet Union and later by Russia. ''Mir'' was the first modular space station and was assembled in orbit from 1986 to&n ...

'' :

STS-74 STS-74 was the fourth mission of the US/Russian Shuttle-Mir Program, and the second docking of the Space Shuttle with ''Mir''. Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' lifted off from Kennedy Space Center launch pad 39A on 12 November 1995. The mission ende ...

— November 1995 — Commander — Second ''Mir'' docking, fourth Shuttle-Mir mission * John H. Casper (born 1943), U.S. Air Force (4 flights) :

STS-36 STS-36 was a NASA Space Shuttle mission, during which Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' carried a classified payload for the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) (believed to have been a Misty reconnaissance satellite) into orbit. STS-36 was the 34th sh ...

— February 1990 — Pilot — Classified

United States Department of Defense The United States Department of Defense (DoD, USDOD or DOD) is an executive branch department of the federal government charged with coordinating and supervising all agencies and functions of the government directly related to national secu ...

mission, deployed USA-53 (

Misty Misty may refer to: Music * ''Misty'' (Ray Stevens album), an album by Ray Stevens featuring the above song * ''Misty'' (Richard "Groove" Holmes album), an album by Richard "Groove" Holmes featuring the above song * ''Misty'' (Eddie "Lockjaw" ...

) :

STS-54 STS-54 was a NASA ''Space Transportation System'' (Space Shuttle) mission using Space Shuttle ''Endeavour''. This was the third flight for ''Endeavour'', and was launched on January 13, 1993 with Endeavour returning to the Kennedy Space Center ...

— January 1993 — Commander —

TDRS-6 TDRS-6, known before launch as TDRS-F, is an American communications satellite, of first generation, which is operated by NASA as part of the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System. It was constructed by TRW, and is based on a custom satelli ...

deployment :

STS-62 STS-62 was a Space Shuttle program mission flown aboard . The primary payloads were the USMP-02 microgravity experiments package and the OAST-2 engineering and technology payload, both in the orbiter's cargo bay. The two-week mission also featu ...

— March 1994 — Commander — USMP-02 microgravity experiment package and OAST-2 payload :

STS-77 STS-77 was the 77th Space Shuttle mission and the 11th mission of the Space Shuttle ''Endeavour''. The mission began from launch pad 39B from Kennedy Space Center, Florida on 19 May 1996 lasting 10 days and 40 minutes and completing 161 revolut ...

— May 1996 — Commander —

SPACEHAB Astrotech Corporation, formerly Spacehab Inc., is a technology incubator headquartered in Austin, Texas. Astrotech uses technology sourced internally and from research institutions, government laboratories, and universities to fund, manage and s ...

mission *

Frank L. Culbertson, Jr. Frank Lee Culbertson Jr. (born May 15, 1949) (Capt, USN, Ret.) is an American former naval officer and aviator, test pilot, aerospace engineer, NASA astronaut, graduate of the US Naval Academy, and member of the United States Astronaut Hall ...

(born 1949), U.S. Navy (5 flights) :

STS-38 STS-38 was a Space Shuttle mission by NASA using the Space Shuttle ''Atlantis''. It was the 37th shuttle mission, and carried a classified payload for the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD). It was the seventh flight for ''Atlantis'' and the se ...

— November 1990 — Pilot — Classified

mission, spy satellite deployment :

STS-51 STS-51 was a NASA Space Shuttle ''Discovery'' mission that launched the Advanced Communications Technology Satellite (ACTS) in September 1993. The flight also featured the deployment and retrieval of the SPAS-ORFEUS satellite and its IMAX cam ...

— September 1993 — Commander —

Advanced Communications Technology Satellite STS-51 was a NASA Space Shuttle ''Discovery'' mission that launched the Advanced Communications Technology Satellite (ACTS) in September 1993. The flight also featured the deployment and retrieval of the SPAS-ORFEUS satellite and its IMAX cam ...

deployment :

STS-105 STS-105 was a mission of the Space Shuttle ''Discovery'' to the International Space Station, launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida, 10 August 2001. This mission was ''Discoverys final mission until STS-114, because ''Discovery'' was gr ...

— August 2001 — Mission Specialist —

mission, crew rotation and delivery of

MPLM A Multi-Purpose Logistics Module (MPLM) is a large pressurized container that was used on Space Shuttle missions to transfer cargo to and from the International Space Station (ISS). Two MPLMs made a dozen trips in the Shuttle cargo bay and init ...

''Leonardo'' :ISS

Expedition 3 Expedition 3 was the third expedition to the International Space Station. Commander Frank L. Culbertson Jr. was the only American crew member, and as such the only American not on Earth during the 9/11 attacks, which the crew photographed and vi ...

— August–December 2001 — Commander :

STS-108 STS-108 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) flown by Space Shuttle '' Endeavour''. Its primary objective was to deliver supplies to and help maintain the ISS. STS-108 was the 12th shuttle flight to visit the In ...

— December 2001 — Mission Specialist —

mission, crew rotation and delivery of

''Raffaello'' *

Sidney M. Gutierrez Sidney McNeill Gutierrez (Colonel, USAF, Ret.) (born June 27, 1951), is an American pilot and former NASA astronaut. Since retiring from NASA, Gutierrez has worked in several leadership positions at Sandia National Laboratories and Rocket Craft ...

(born 1951), U.S. Air Force (2 flights) :

— June 1991 — Pilot —

Spacelab Spacelab was a reusable laboratory developed by European Space Agency (ESA) and used on certain spaceflights flown by the Space Shuttle. The laboratory comprised multiple components, including a pressurized module, an unpressurized carrier, ...

mission :

STS-59 STS-59 was a Space Shuttle program mission that took place in 1994. The launch was chronicled by the 1994 Discovery Channel special about the Space Shuttle program. Crew Mission highlights 9 April ''Endeavour'' began its sixth mission on ...

— April 1994 — Commander — SRL-1 radar observations * L. Blaine Hammond, Jr. (born 1952), U.S. Air Force (2 flights) :

STS-39 STS-39 was the twelfth mission of the NASA Space Shuttle ''Discovery'', and the 40th orbital shuttle mission overall. The primary purpose of the mission was to conduct a variety of payload experiments for the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD). ...

— April 1991 — Pilot — First unclassified

mission :

STS-64 STS-64 was a Space Shuttle Space Shuttle Discovery, ''Discovery'' mission that was set to perform multiple experiment packages. STS-64 was launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida, on 9 September 1994, and landed back on 20 September 1994 at ...

— September 1994 — Pilot — Earth and solar observations, first untethered spacewalk since

STS-51-A STS-51-A (formerly STS-19) was the 14th flight of NASA's Space Shuttle program, and the second flight of Space Shuttle ''Discovery''. The mission launched from Kennedy Space Center on November 8, 1984, and landed just under eight days later on ...

Michael J. McCulley Michael James "Mike" McCulley (born August 4, 1943), ( Capt, USN, Ret.), is a retired American naval officer and aviator, test pilot, metallurgical engineer, and former NASA astronaut, and was the first submariner in space. He served as pilo ...

(born 1943), U.S. Navy (1 flight) : STS-34 — October 1989 — Pilot — Deployment of ''

Galileo Galileo di Vincenzo Bonaiuti de' Galilei (15 February 1564 – 8 January 1642) was an Italian astronomer, physicist and engineer, sometimes described as a polymath. Commonly referred to as Galileo, his name was pronounced (, ). He was ...

'' orbiter and probe to

Jupiter Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the List of Solar System objects by size, largest in the Solar System. It is a gas giant with a mass more than two and a half times that of all the other planets in the Solar System combined, but ...

* James D. "Wxb" Wetherbee (born 1952), U.S. Navy (6 flights) :

STS-32 STS-32 was the 33rd mission of NASA's Space Shuttle program, and the ninth launch of . Launched on January 9, 1990, it marked the first use of the Launch Complex 39A of Kennedy Space Center at since 1986; it also marked the first use of Mobil ...

— January 1990 — Pilot —

Long Duration Exposure Facility NASA's Long Duration Exposure Facility, or LDEF (pronounced "eldef"), was a school bus-sized cylindrical facility designed to provide long-term experimental data on the outer space environment and its effects on space systems, materials, operatio ...

retrieval, deployment of

SYNCOM Syncom (for "synchronous communication satellite") started as a 1961 NASA program for active geosynchronous communication satellites, all of which were developed and manufactured by the Space and Communications division of Hughes Aircraft Comp ...

IV-F5 :

STS-52 STS-52 was a ''Space Transportation System'' ( NASA Space Shuttle) mission using Space Shuttle ''Columbia'', and was launched on October 22, 1992. Crew Backup crew Mission highlights Primary mission objectives were deployment of t ...

— October 1992 — Commander —

LAGEOS LAGEOS, Laser Geodynamics Satellite or Laser Geometric Environmental Observation Survey, are a series of two scientific research satellites designed to provide an orbiting laser ranging benchmark for geodynamical studies of the Earth. Each satel ...

-II deployment, USMP-01 microgravity experiment package : STS-63 — February 1995 — Commander — First rendezvous of the Space Shuttle and ''Mir'', second Shuttle-Mir mission, first Shuttle mission with female Pilot :

STS-86 STS-86 was a Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' mission to the Mir space station. This was the last ''Atlantis'' mission before it was taken out of service temporarily for maintenance and upgrades, including the glass cockpit. Crew Spacewalk *'' Par ...

— September 1997 — Commander — Seventh ''Mir'' docking :

STS-102 STS-102 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) flown by Space Shuttle '' Discovery'' and launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida. STS-102 flew in March 2001; its primary objectives were resupplying the ISS and ...

— March 2001 — Commander —

mission, crew rotation and delivery of

''Leonardo'' :

— November 2002 — Commander —

mission, crew rotation and installment of P1 truss, last successful Shuttle mission before the ''Columbia'' disaster

Mission Specialists

James C. Adamson James Craig Adamson (born March 3, 1946) is a former NASA astronaut and retired Colonel (United States), Colonel of the United States Army. He is married with 3 children. James Adamson flew on two missions, STS-28 and STS-43, and completed 263 o ...

(born 1946), U.S. Army (2 flights) :

STS-28 STS-28 was the 30th NASA Space Shuttle mission, the fourth shuttle mission dedicated to United States Department of Defense (DoD) purposes, and the eighth flight of Space Shuttle ''Columbia''. The mission launched on August 8, 1989, and travel ...

— August 1989 — Mission Specialist — Classified

mission, USA-40 and USA-41 deployments :

STS-43 STS-43, the ninth mission for Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'', was a nine-day mission whose primary goal was launching the TDRS-E satellite (TDRS-5). The flight also tested an advanced heatpipe radiator for potential use on the then-future space s ...

— August 1991 — Mission Specialist —

TDRS-5 TDRS-5, known before launch as TDRS-E, is an American communications satellite, of first generation, which is operated by NASA as part of the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System. It was constructed by TRW is based on a custom satellite bu ...

deployment *

Ellen S. Baker Ellen Louise Shulman Baker, M.D., M.P.H. (born April 27, 1953) is an American physician and a former NASA astronaut. Baker is a veteran of three shuttle flights and logged more than 686 hours in space. Baker served as Chief of the Education/M ...

(born 1953), Physician (3 flights) : STS-34 — October 1989 — Mission Specialist — Deployment of ''

'' orbiter and probe to

STS-50 STS-50 (U.S. Microgravity Laboratory-1) was a NASA Space Shuttle mission, the 12th mission of the '' Columbia'' orbiter. ''Columbia'' landed at Kennedy Space Center for the first time ever due to bad weather at Edwards Air Force Base caused b ...

— June 1992 — Mission Specialist — USML-1 microgravity laboratory mission, first use of Extended Duration Orbiter package and first landing of ''Columbia'' at

Kennedy Space Center The John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC, originally known as the NASA Launch Operations Center), located on Merritt Island, Florida, is one of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) ten field centers. Since December 1968 ...

STS-71 STS-71 was the third mission of the US/Russian Shuttle-Mir Program and the first Space Shuttle docking to Russian space station ''Mir''. It started on June 27, 1995, with the launch of Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' from launchpad 39A at the Kenn ...

— June 1995 — Mission Specialist — First docking with ''Mir'', third Shuttle-Mir mission, ''Mir'' crew rotation *

Mark N. Brown Mark Neil Brown (born November 18, 1951) is an American engineer, retired colonel in the United States Air Force and former NASA astronaut. Brown spent a total of ten days in space, over two Space Shuttle missions. Personal life Brown was born ...

(born 1951), U.S. Air Force (2 flights) :

— August 1989 — Mission Specialist — Classified

mission, USA-40 and USA-41 deployments :

STS-48 STS-48 was a Space Shuttle mission that launched on September 12, 1991, from Kennedy Space Center, Florida. The orbiter was . The primary payload was the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS). The mission landed on September 18 at 12:38 a. ...

— September 1991 — Mission Specialist —

Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite The Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) was a NASA-operated orbital observatory whose mission was to study the Earth's atmosphere, particularly the protective ozone layer. The satellite was deployed from Space Shuttle ''Discovery'' durin ...

deployment * Manley L. "Sonny" Carter, Jr. (1947–1991), U.S. Navy (1 flight) :

STS-33 STS-33 was a NASA Space Shuttle program, Space Shuttle mission, during which Space Shuttle Discovery, Space Shuttle ''Discovery'' deployed a payload for the United States Department of Defense (DoD). It was the 32nd shuttle mission overall, the ...

— November 1989 — Mission Specialist — Classified

mission, USA-48 deployment, first night launch since ''Challenger'' disaster * Marsha S. Ivins (born 1951), Engineer (5 flights) :

— January 1990 — Mission Specialist —

retrieval, deployment of

IV-F5 :

STS-46 STS-46 was a NASA Space Shuttle mission using and was launched on July 31, 1992, and landed on August 8, 1992. Crew Backup crew Crew seating arrangements Mission highlights The mission's primary objectives were the deployment of ...

— July 1992 — Mission Specialist —

European Retrievable Carrier The European Retrievable Carrier (EURECA) was an unmanned 4.5-tonne satellite with 15 experiments. It was a European Space Agency (ESA) mission and the acronym was derived from Archimedes' bathtub revelation " Eureka!". It was built by the Germa ...

deployment, tethered satellite experiments :

— March 1994 — Mission Specialist — USMP-02 microgravity experiment package and OAST-2 payload :

STS-81 STS-81 was a January 1997 Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' mission to the Mir space station. Crew Mission highlights STS-81 was the fifth of nine planned missions to Mir and the second one involving an exchange of U.S. astronauts. Astronaut John B ...

— January 1997 — Mission Specialist — Third ''Mir'' docking, fifth Shuttle-Mir mission, ''Mir'' crew rotation :

STS-98 STS-98 was a 2001 Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) flown by Space Shuttle '' Atlantis''. It was the first human spaceflight launch of the 21st century. STS-98 delivered to the station the ''Destiny'' Laboratory Mod ...

— February 2001 — Mission Specialist —

mission, installment of

Destiny Laboratory Module The ''Destiny'' module, also known as the U.S. Lab, is the primary operating facility for U.S. research payloads aboard the International Space Station (ISS). It was berthed to the ''Unity'' module and activated over a period of five days in Fe ...

Mark C. Lee Mark Charles Lee USAF Colonel, (born August 14, 1952) is a former NASA astronaut who flew on four Space Shuttle missions. He retired from the Air Force and NASA on July 1, 2001. Early life Lee was born August 14, 1952, in Viroqua, Wisconsin, a ...

(born 1952), U.S. Air Force (4 flights) : STS-30 — May 1989 — Mission Specialist — Deployment of ''

Magellan Ferdinand Magellan ( or ; pt, Fernão de Magalhães, ; es, link=no, Fernando de Magallanes, ; 4 February 1480 – 27 April 1521) was a Portuguese people, Portuguese explorer. He is best known for having planned and led the Magellan expeditio ...

'' probe to

Venus Venus is the second planet from the Sun. It is sometimes called Earth's "sister" or "twin" planet as it is almost as large and has a similar composition. As an interior planet to Earth, Venus (like Mercury) appears in Earth's sky never fa ...

STS-47 STS-47 was the 50th NASA Space Shuttle mission of the program, as well as the second mission of the Space Shuttle ''Endeavour''. The mission mainly involved conducting experiments in life and material sciences inside Spacelab-J, a collaborativ ...

— September 1992 — Payload Commander —

mission, first Japanese astronaut to fly on the Shuttle, first African-American woman in space, first married couple in space :

— September 1994 — Mission Specialist — Earth and solar observations, first untethered spacewalk since

STS-82 STS-82 was the 22nd flight of the Space Shuttle ''Discovery'' and the 82nd mission of the Space Shuttle program. It was NASA's second mission to service the Hubble Space Telescope, during which ''Discovery's'' crew repaired and upgraded the tel ...

— February 1997 — Mission Specialist — Second

Hubble Space Telescope The Hubble Space Telescope (often referred to as HST or Hubble) is a space telescope that was launched into low Earth orbit in 1990 and remains in operation. It was not the first space telescope, but it is one of the largest and most versa ...

servicing mission * G. David Low (1956–2008), Engineer (3 flights) :

— January 1990 — Mission Specialist —

retrieval, deployment of

IV-F5 :

— August 1991 — Mission Specialist —

deployment :

STS-57 STS-57 was a NASA Space Shuttle-Spacehab mission of that launched 21 June 1993 from Kennedy Space Center, Florida. Crew Spacewalk * '' Low and Wisoff '' – EVA 1 * EVA 1 Start: 25 June 1993 * EVA 1 End: 25 June 1993 * Duration: 5 hours ...

— June 1993 — Mission Specialist —

retrieval,

mission * William M. Shepherd (born 1949), U.S. Navy (6 flights) :

— December 1988 — Mission Specialist — Classified

mission, USA-34 ( Lacrosse-1) deployment : STS-41 — October 1990 — Mission Specialist — Deployment of

Ulysses Ulysses is one form of the Roman name for Odysseus, a hero in ancient Greek literature. Ulysses may also refer to: People * Ulysses (given name), including a list of people with this name Places in the United States * Ulysses, Kansas * Ulysse ...

probe into polar orbit of the Sun :

— October 1992 — Mission Specialist —

-II deployment, USMP-01 microgravity experiment package :

Soyuz TM-31 Soyuz TM-31 was the first Soyuz spaceflight to dock with the International Space Station (ISS). The spacecraft carried the members of Expedition 1, the first long-duration ISS crew. It was launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan at 07 ...

— October 2000 — Flight Engineer — First Soyuz spacecraft to dock with the

:ISS

— November 2000–March 2001 — Commander — First long-duration

crew :

— March 2001 — Mission Specialist —

mission, crew rotation and delivery of

''Leonardo'' *

Kathryn C. Thornton Kathryn Ryan Cordell Thornton (born August 17, 1952) is an American scientist and a former NASA astronaut with over 975 hours in space, including 21 hours of extravehicular activity. She was the associate dean for graduate programs at the Univer ...

(born 1952), Physicist (4 flights) :

— November 1989 — Mission Specialist — Classified

mission, USA-48 deployment, first night launch since ''Challenger'' disaster :

STS-49 STS-49 was the NASA maiden flight of the Space Shuttle ''Endeavour'', which launched on May 7, 1992. The primary goal of its nine-day mission was to retrieve an Intelsat VI satellite, Intelsat 603, which failed to leave Low Earth orbit two yea ...

— May 1992 — Mission Specialist — Maiden flight of '' Endeavour'', Intelsat 603 retrieval and relaunch :

STS-61 STS-61 was the first NASA Hubble Space Telescope servicing mission, and the fifth flight of the Space Shuttle ''Endeavour''. The mission launched on 2 December 1993 from Kennedy Space Center (KSC) in Florida. The mission restored the spacebor ...

— December 1993 — Mission Specialist — First

servicing mission :

STS-73 STS-73 was a Space Shuttle program mission, during October–November 1995, on board the Space Shuttle ''Columbia''. The mission was the second mission for the United States Microgravity Laboratory. The crew, who spent 16 days in space, were bro ...

— October 1995 — Mission Specialist — USML-2 microgravity laboratory mission * Charles Veach (1944–1995), U.S. Air Force (2 flights) :

— April 1991 — Mission Specialist — First unclassified

mission :

— October 1992 — Mission Specialist —

-II deployment, USMP-01 microgravity experiment package

External links

References

{{reflist NASA Astronaut Corps Lists of astronauts