Muthuraja
Muthuraja or Mutharaiyar are Tamil-speaking community of landowners.
Contents
1 Origin
2 Temples
3
Paluvettaraiyar
Paluvettaraiyar regiment
4 See also
5 References
Origin
During the early
Chola
Chola period, the chiefs of the
Muthuraja
Muthuraja community
ruled over the
Tanjore
Tanjore district in Tamilakkam. They controlled the
fertile plains of the Kaveri region. When the Later Cholas came to
power, the
Muthuraja
Muthuraja were turned into feudatories. Muttaraiyar,
literally means King of three territories.[1][full citation needed]
They built many temples dedicated to Shiva.[2][full citation needed]
One of the most notable
Muthuraja
Muthuraja people was Peru Mutharaiyar, who was
known for his great wealth and grand feasts. Two stanzas (200, 296) of
Nālaṭiyār, one of the works of ancient Tamil literature, is
dedicated to him.[3][full citation needed][4][full citation needed]
One of their titles was Lord of Tanjore.[5]
During the period of Rajaraja
Chola
Chola I, we know of at least one
high-ranking chief and a feudatory of the
Chola
Chola from the Muthuraja
community: Śēkkizhār Araiyan Sankaranarayanan, also known as
Chola-Muttaraiyan. Araiyan, which is the Tamil equivalent of the
Sanskrit
Sanskrit Raja or King, in this context means a chieftain or a
governor.[6][full citation needed]
Temples
Vijayalaya choleeswaram
Vijayala choleeswaram built by llango Mutharaiyar 825AD
Narthamalai
Narthamalai is 35 kilometres (22 mi) from
Trichy
Trichy on the
Pudukkottai -
Trichy
Trichy Highway. There can be seen one of the oldest
rock-cut temples built by Ilango Mutharaiyar, which was later rebuilt
by Vijayalaya Chola, known as Vijayalaya Choleeswaram. The temple is
dedicated to Shiva. There are also two rock-cut caves, one of which
has 12 life-size sculptures of Vishnu. The temple is maintained and
administered by the
Archaeological Survey of India
Archaeological Survey of India as a protected
monument.
Keezhathaniyam temple
Uthamadhaneeswarar temple - Keezhathaniyam
Keezhathaniyam is located about 25 kilometres from Pudukkottai
(District head quarters). This temple was built by Ko Ilango
Mutharaiyar. This temple is dedicated to
Shiva
Shiva known by the name
"Uthamadhaneeswarar".[7]
Paluvettaraiyar
Paluvettaraiyar regiment
Paluvettaraiyar
Paluvettaraiyar temple in Melapalur, Ariyalur dt
The
Paluvettaraiyar
Paluvettaraiyar regiment was a military regiment maintained by the
Mutharaja chief Paluvettaraiyar. It comprised both
Muthuraja
Muthuraja and
Sengunthar soldiers[8][page needed] in the regiment of
Paluvettaraiyar
Paluvettaraiyar and were involved in the invasion of Lanka by Cholas
in the 10th century.[9][page needed][10][page needed]
See also
Mudiraju
Perumbidugu Mutharaiyar
Kannappa Nayanar
Thirumangai Alvar
List of denotified communities of Tamil Nadu
References
^ Journal of Indian history, Volume 19, page 40
^ Early Chōl̤a art:origin and emergence of style
^ History of
Tamil language
Tamil language and literature:beginning to 1000 A. D.,
page 89
^ Śaṅgam polity:the administration and social life of the Śaṅgam
Tamils, page 33
^ Majumdar, Ramesh Chandra, ed. (1954). The History and Culture of the
Indian People: The Classical Age. G. Allen & Unwin.
p. 266.
^ Indian archaeological heritage: Shri K.V. Soundara Rajan
festschrift, Volume 1, page 32
^ "9th century temple gets facelift". The Hindu. Retrieved
2017-03-20.
^ Ramaswamy, V. (1985). Textiles and weavers in medieval South India.
Oxford University Press. Retrieved 2015-04-05.
^ Studies in Indian epigraphy, Volumes 26–27
^ Historical perspectives of warfare in India: some morale and
matérial determinants By Sri Nandan Prasad, Centre for Studies in
Civilizations (D