The Musée national de la Marine (National Navy Museum) is a

maritime museum A maritime museum (sometimes nautical museum) is a museum specializing in the display of objects relating to ships and travel on large bodies of water. A subcategory of maritime museums are naval museums, which focus on navies and the milita ...

located in the

Palais de Chaillot The Palais de Chaillot () is a building at the top of the in the Trocadéro area in the 16th ''arrondissement'' of Paris, France. For the Exposition Internationale of 1937, the old 1878 Palais du Trocadéro was partly demolished and partly ...

Trocadéro The Trocadéro (), site of the Palais de Chaillot, is an area of Paris, France, in the 16th arrondissement, across the Seine from the Eiffel Tower. It is also the name of the 1878 palace which was demolished in 1937 to make way for the Palai ...

, in the

16th arrondissement of Paris The 16th arrondissement of Paris (''XVIe arrondissement'') is one of the 20 arrondissements of the capital city of France. In spoken French, this arrondissement is referred to as ''seizième''. The arrondissement includes part of the Arc de T ...

. It has annexes at Brest, Port-Louis, Rochefort ( Musée National de la Marine de Rochefort), and

Toulon Toulon (, , ; oc, label= Provençal, Tolon , , ) is a city on the French Riviera and a large port on the Mediterranean coast, with a major naval base. Located in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region, and the Provence province, Toulon is th ...

. The permanent collection originates in a collection that dates back to

Louis XV of France Louis XV (15 February 1710 – 10 May 1774), known as Louis the Beloved (french: le Bien-Aimé), was King of France from 1 September 1715 until his death in 1774. He succeeded his great-grandfather Louis XIV at the age of five. Until he reache ...

History

In 1748,

Henri-Louis Duhamel du Monceau Henri-Louis Duhamel du Monceau (20 July 1700, Paris13 August 1782, Paris), was a French physician, naval engineer and botanist. Biography Henri-Louis Duhamel du Monceau was born in Paris in 1700, the son of Alexandre Duhamel, lord of Denai ...

offered a collection of models of ships and naval installations to

, with the request that the items be displayed at the

Louvre The Louvre ( ), or the Louvre Museum ( ), is the world's most-visited museum, and an historic landmark in Paris, France. It is the home of some of the best-known works of art, including the ''Mona Lisa'' and the '' Venus de Milo''. A central ...

and made available to students of the Naval engineers school, which Duhamel headed. The collection was put on display in 1752, in a room of the first floor, next to the Academy of Sciences; the room was called "''Salle de Marine''" (Navy room), and was used for teaching. With the

French Revolution The French Revolution ( ) was a period of radical political and societal change in France that began with the Estates General of 1789 and ended with the formation of the French Consulate in November 1799. Many of its ideas are conside ...

, the Salle de Marine closed in 1793. The collection was added to models owned by the King personally, to others owned by the Ministry of Navy, and yet others owned by

émigré An ''émigré'' () is a person who has emigrated, often with a connotation of political or social self-exile. The word is the past participle of the French ''émigrer'', "to emigrate". French Huguenots Many French Huguenots fled France followin ...

s or executees (notably

Philippe Égalité Philippe is a masculine sometimes feminin given name, cognate to Philip. It may refer to: * Philippe of Belgium (born 1960), King of the Belgians (2013–present) * Philippe (footballer) (born 2000), Brazilian footballer * Prince Philippe, Cou ...

). A short-lived museum was opened between 1801 and 1803 at the Ministry of Navy, then located at

Place de la Concorde The Place de la Concorde () is one of the major public squares in Paris, France. Measuring in area, it is the largest square in the French capital. It is located in the city's eighth arrondissement, at the eastern end of the Champs-Élysées. ...

. In 1810,

Napoleon Napoleon Bonaparte ; it, Napoleone Bonaparte, ; co, Napulione Buonaparte. (born Napoleone Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military commander and political leader wh ...

ordered a gallery of 19 models, known as the

Trianon model collection The Trianon model collection is a set of high-quality ship models ordered by Napoléon for documentary purposes. History In July 1810 Denis Decrès ordered 13 models to be constructed specially for the collection, while others, already built, w ...

, to be put on display in his offices at

Grand Trianon The Grand Trianon () is a French Baroque style château situated in the northwestern part of the Domain of Versailles in Versailles, France. It was built at the request of King Louis XIV of France as a retreat for himself and his '' maîtresse- ...

, as to document the types of warships in usage in the French Navy at the time.

Jacques-Noël Sané Jacques-Noël Sané (18 February 1740, Brest – 22 August 1831, Paris) was a French naval engineer. He was the conceptor of standardised designs for ships of the line and frigates fielded by the French Navy in the 1780s, which served during the ...

was put in charge of the task. Napoleon also had a model of the frigate ''Muiron'' in his bedroom at

Château de Malmaison The Château de Malmaison () is a French château situated near the left bank of the Seine, about west of the centre of Paris, in the commune of Rueil-Malmaison. Formerly the residence of Empress Joséphine de Beauharnais, along with the Tui ...

. In 1827, after the

Bourbon Restoration Bourbon Restoration may refer to: France under the House of Bourbon: * Bourbon Restoration in France (1814, after the French revolution and Napoleonic era, until 1830; interrupted by the Hundred Days in 1815) Spain under the Spanish Bourbons: * Ab ...

Charles X Charles X (born Charles Philippe, Count of Artois; 9 October 1757 – 6 November 1836) was King of France from 16 September 1824 until 2 August 1830. An uncle of the uncrowned Louis XVII and younger brother to reigning kings Louis XVI and Lou ...

ordered a Naval museum to be opened at the Louvre. The task was given to

Pierre Zédé Pierre is a masculine given name. It is a French form of the name Peter. Pierre originally meant "rock" or "stone" in French (derived from the Greek word πέτρος (''petros'') meaning "stone, rock", via Latin "petra"). It is a translation ...

. Rooms were also opened or restored in Cherbourg, Brest, Lorient, Rochefort and Toulon. In 1852,

Antoine Léon Morel-Fatio Antoine Léon Morel, later Morel-Fatio (1810–1871) was a French naval painter, Peintre officiel de la Marine, curator of the naval and ethnographic museum of the Louvre, and mayor of the 20th arrondissement of Paris. He added Fatio in 1844 t ...

became curator of the Museum. He emphasised the importance of painting, adding to the works of

Joseph Vernet Claude-Joseph Vernet (14 August 17143 December 1789) was a French painter. His son, Antoine Charles Horace Vernet, was also a painter. Life and work Vernet was born in Avignon. When only fourteen years of age he aided his father, Antoine Vernet ...

. He also made a catalogue of the items, and reorganised the ethnographic items of the collection. In 1871, admiral

François-Edmond Pâris François-Edmond Pâris (6 March 1806 in Paris – 8 April 1893 in Paris) was a French admiral, notable for his contribution to naval engineering during the rise of the steam, for his books, and for his role in organising the Musée national de l ...

became curator, and had over 400 models of small crafts indigenous to different locations of the French Empire constructed. From 1905, ethnographic items were transferred to other museums, and in 1920, the administration of the Museum was transferred to the

French Navy The French Navy (french: Marine nationale, lit=National Navy), informally , is the maritime arm of the French Armed Forces and one of the five military service branches of France. It is among the largest and most powerful naval forces in t ...

. In 1937, part of the

was devoted to harbouring the museum, which opened on 15 August 1943. From 1971, the museum became an autonomous body under the

Ministry of Defence {{unsourced, date=February 2021 A ministry of defence or defense (see spelling differences), also known as a department of defence or defense, is an often-used name for the part of a government responsible for matters of defence, found in state ...

. In 1975, it was instrumental in the restoration of Port-Louis fortress. In 1992, it purchased

Éric Tabarly Éric Marcel Guy Tabarly was a French Navy officer and yachtsman, born 24 July 1931 in Nantes and died 13 June 1998 of drowning in the Irish Sea. He developed a passion for offshore racing very early on and won several ocean races such as the Osta ...

's ''Pen Duick V'', now serving in the French Navy as a sailing school ship.

Gallery

File:Metal plate (Musée national de la Marine).JPG, Military-themed metal plate exhibited in the Musée national de la Marine. File:Weapons (Musée national de la Marine).JPG, Old weapons exhibited in the Musée national de la Marine. File:Neptune sculpture (Yves Collet).JPG,

Neptune Neptune is the eighth planet from the Sun and the farthest known planet in the Solar System. It is the fourth-largest planet in the Solar System by diameter, the third-most-massive planet, and the densest giant planet. It is 17 time ...

sculpture by Yves Collet exhibited in the Musée national de la Marine. File:Wooden Handcuffs (Musée national de la Marine).JPG, Wooden

Stocks Stocks are feet restraining devices that were used as a form of corporal punishment and public humiliation. The use of stocks is seen as early as Ancient Greece, where they are described as being in use in Solon's law code. The law describing ...

exhibited in the Musée national de la Marine. File:Poupe-de-la-galere-la-reale.jpg, Stern decoration of the

Galley A galley is a type of ship that is propelled mainly by oars. The galley is characterized by its long, slender hull, shallow draft, and low freeboard (clearance between sea and gunwale). Virtually all types of galleys had sails that could be u ...

'' La Réale.''

Renovation

Beginning in 2017, the Museum was closed for extensive renovations. It will remain closed until 2021. According to the museum's website, "the ambition is to make this new museum the great place of the sea and sailors in Paris."

Sources and references

External links

Official museum website

* ttp://www.herrero-michel.fr/ CARTES POSTALES ANCIENNES des Modèles et Objets du Musée national de la Marine Publiées de 1909 à 1939 environ quand le Musée était au Louvre
Musée national de la Marine Visitor Information
{{DEFAULTSORT:Musee national de la Marine Museums in Paris Maritime museums in France Marine art museums Buildings and structures in the 16th arrondissement of Paris National museums of France Naval museums Museums established in 1827

History

Gallery

Renovation

See also

Sources and references

External links