Mount Andrus is a
shield volcano
A shield volcano is a type of volcano named for its low profile, resembling a warrior's shield lying on the ground. It is formed by the eruption of highly fluid (low viscosity) lava, which travels farther and forms thinner flows than the more vi ...
3.2 km (2 mi) SE of
Mount Boennighausen in the SE extremity of
Ames Range
The Ames Range is an Antarctic range of snow-covered, flat-topped, steep-sided mountains, extending in a N-S direction for 32 km (20 mi) and forming a right angle with the eastern end of the Flood Range in Marie Byrd Land.
They were di ...
, in
Marie Byrd Land
Marie Byrd Land (MBL) is an unclaimed region of Antarctica. With an area of , it is the largest unclaimed territory on Earth. It was named after the wife of American naval officer Richard E. Byrd, who explored the region in the early 20th centu ...
,
Antarctica
Antarctica () is Earth's southernmost and least-populated continent. Situated almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle and surrounded by the Southern Ocean, it contains the geographic South Pole. Antarctica is the fifth-largest cont ...
. Mapped by USGS from surveys and U.S. Navy air photos, 1964–68. Named by
US-ACAN
The Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (ACAN or US-ACAN) is an advisory committee of the United States Board on Geographic Names responsible for recommending commemorative names for features in Antarctica.
History
The committee was established ...
for Lt. Carl H. Andrus, US Navy, medical officer and Officer-in-Charge of
Byrd Station
The Byrd Station is a former research station established by the United States during the International Geophysical Year by U.S. Navy Seabees during Operation Deep Freeze II in West Antarctica.
History
A joint Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marin ...
in 1964.
Andrus has a 4.5 km-wide
caldera
A caldera ( ) is a large cauldron-like hollow that forms shortly after the emptying of a magma chamber in a volcano eruption. When large volumes of magma are erupted over a short time, structural support for the rock above the magma chamber is ...
at its summit.
The westward face of the mountain is drained by the
Coleman Glacier, with significant
crevassing present. While the age of Mt. Andrus is not well known it is one of the oldest trachytic shield volcanoes in Marie Byrd Land, similar in age to
Mount Hampton
Mount Hampton is a shield volcano with a circular ice-filled caldera. It is a twin volcano with Whitney Peak to the northwest and has erupted phonolite rocks. It is the northernmost of the volcanoes which comprise the Executive Committee Ran ...
.
See also
*
List of volcanoes in Antarctica
This is a list of volcanoes in Antarctica.
Table
A 2017 study claimed to have found 138 volcanoes, of which 91 were previously unknown. Some volcanoes are entirely under the ice sheet. Unconfirmed volcanoes are not included in the table below.
...
References
*
External links
* https://web.archive.org/web/20051030114935/http://usarc.usgs.gov/antarctic_atlas/
* http://www.skimountaineer.com/
Polygenetic shield volcanoes
Calderas of Antarctica
Volcanoes of Marie Byrd Land
Ames Range
Miocene shield volcanoes
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