These tables list values of
molar ionization energies, measured in
kJ⋅mol−1. This is the energy per mole necessary to remove
electrons from gaseous
atoms
Every atom is composed of a nucleus and one or more electrons bound to the nucleus. The nucleus is made of one or more protons and a number of neutrons. Only the most common variety of hydrogen has no neutrons.
Every solid, liquid, gas, an ...
or atomic ions. The first molar ionization energy applies to the neutral atoms. The second, third, etc., molar ionization energy applies to the further removal of an electron from a singly, doubly, etc., charged ion. For ionization energies measured in the unit eV, see ''
Ionization energies of the elements (data page)''. All data from
rutherfordium onwards is predicted.
1st–10th ionisation energies
11th–20th ionisation energies
21st–30th ionisation energies
References
*
Ionization energies of the elements (data page)
* (for predictions)
*
* (for predictions)
{{Navbox elements data
Properties of chemical elements