Moesgård
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Moesgård is a former manor house and a
listed building In the United Kingdom, a listed building or listed structure is one that has been placed on one of the four statutory lists maintained by Historic England in England, Historic Environment Scotland in Scotland, in Wales, and the Northern Irel ...
in
Aarhus Municipality Aarhus Municipality ( da, Aarhus Kommune), known as Århus Municipality ( da, Århus Kommune) until 2011, is a municipality in Central Denmark Region, on the east coast of the Jutland peninsula in central Denmark. The municipality covers an area ...
. The current buildings were completed in 1778 and was listed in the Danish registry of protected buildings and places by the Danish Heritage Agency on 17 July 1918. The manor and estate is situated in the district of Højbjerg, 10 kilometers south of the city centre of Aarhus. Administratively it belongs to the
Mårslet Mårslet is a railway town in Denmark, located about south of Aarhus. It has a population of 5,004 (1 January 2022). Mårslet is located in Aarhus Municipality and therefore is part of the Central Denmark Region. Mårslet is situated on the hist ...
Parish and is today owned by
Moesgård Museum Moesgaard Museum (MOMU) is a Danish regional museum dedicated to archaeology and ethnography. It is located in Beder, a suburb of Aarhus, Denmark. MOMU cooperates with the Institute of Prehistoric Archaeology, Medieval and Renaissance Archaeology ...
. The museum cooperates with the ''School of Culture and Society'' from Aarhus University on the subjects of history, archaeology, anthropology and oriental studies with most teaching and lectures being held in the manor buildings. In 2013 the university took over the buildings when a new museum building was completed and most activities related to the museum moved there.


History

The original Moesgård and its owners can be traced back to the late 14th century but the area was likely farmed much earlier. The site of the current manor is believed to be different from the original farm which was likely moved and rebuilt after it burned down during wars with Sweden in the mid-17th century. In the mid 19th century traces of a courtyard was found about a kilometer south-west from the current manor and it is believed this is the location of the original farm. The name "Moesgård" can be literally translated to "bog farm" which hints at a bog in the area which is consistent with archaeological evidence showing signs of wetlands in that area. In 1660 Mogens Friis owned Moesgård along with the manors Østergaard and Skrumstrup in his large land holdings south of Aarhus. In 1662 he was granted new lands north of the city as compensation for losses incurred during the Dano-Swedish War of 1658–1660 and he established the
county A county is a geographic region of a country used for administrative or other purposes Chambers Dictionary, L. Brookes (ed.), 2005, Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd, Edinburgh in certain modern nations. The term is derived from the Old French ...
of Frijsenborg. Mogens Friis sold his manors south of the city to Gabriel Marselis who had been granted land holdings in the area by the crown in payment for war debts. Gabriel Marselis rebuilt the newly burnt Moesgård where it stands today. Upon his death in 1673 his land holdings were split between his four sons and his son Vilhelm Marselis inherited the manors Skrumstrup and Moesgaard. Vilhelm Marselis had a new barony established at Skrumstrup Manor which was renamed Vilhelmsborg while he assumed the new family-name Gyldenkrone ( en, "Golden Crown"). Moesgård became an allodial title to the new barony but remained in the Marselis family until the early 19th century. The current main building was constructed in 1780–84 by Christian Frederik Gyldenkrone but the manor was suffering economically and his son Frederik Christian Gyldenkrone became the last owner as the state assumed ownership of the manor in 1822. In 1838 Torkild Dahl bought the manor and it remained in the Dahl family until the mid-20th century. Thorkild Dahl was politically active as a member of the
Folketing The Folketing ( da, Folketinget, ; ), also known as the Parliament of Denmark or the Danish Parliament in English, is the unicameral national legislature (parliament) of the Kingdom of Denmark—Denmark proper together with the Faroe Islands ...
and was interested in history and classical studies. He compiled a large library of books and worked to establish a museum of history in Aarhus. In 1960
Århus County Aarhus County or Århus County ( da, Århus Amt) is a former county of Denmark ( Danish: ''amt Amt is a type of administrative division governing a group of municipalities, today only in Germany, but formerly also common in other countries ...
bought the manor from the estate of Torkild Dahl's daughter with the intention to redevelop the lands for public use. The lands were turned into recreational areas of forests and beaches while some of the agricultural buildings were turned into a museum from designs by C.F. Møller. In 2013 the anthropological and archealogical department of Aarhus University took over the buildings as a new museum building north-west of the manor was completed in 2014.


Architecture

The manor is designed around a large courtyard, the
historicist Historicism is an approach to explaining the existence of phenomena, especially social and cultural practices (including ideas and beliefs), by studying their history, that is, by studying the process by which they came about. The term is widely u ...
main building facing west with two curved wings extending to the sides to form the east boundary of the courtyard. On each side of the court yard stands the agricultural buildings from the 1800s symmetrically enclosing the court yard. East of the main building lies a large garden laid out in romantic style with watercourses, bridges and stone levees. Moesgård is accessed by a long road lined with poplars which was established in the 1800s when the road from Aarhus to
Odder Odder is a town in Jutland, Denmark. The town is the seat of Odder municipality, and is the biggest town in the municipality. It is located 20 km south of Aarhus and 16 km south-east of Skanderborg. Odder is part of Business Region Aarhus, and ...
was created.


Owners

* 1396–1410 – Erik Nielsen Gyldenstierne * 1410–1425 – Niels Eriksen Gyldenstierne * 1425–1455 – Erik Nielsen Gyldenstierne * 1455–1463 – Erik Nielsen Gyldenstierne's estate * 1463–1473 – Peder Eriksen Gyldenstierne * 1473–1504 – Oluf Pedersen Gyldenstierne * 1504–1550 – Oluf Pedersen Gyldenstierne's estate * 1550–1560 – Lene Olufsdatter Gyldenstierne * 1560–1563 – Jost Andersen Ulfeldt * 1563–1565 – Anne Nielsdatter Kaas * 1565–1591 – Anne Nielsdatter Kaas's estate * 1591–1623 – Edel Jostsdatter Ulfeldt / Helvig Jostsdatter Ulfeldt / Kirsten Jostsdatter Ulfeldt * 1623–1638 – Helvig Jostsdatter Ulfeldt * 1638–1648 – Johan Kjeldsen Brockenhuus * 1648–1651 – Niels Friis * 1651–1662 – Mogens Nielsen Friis * 1662–1673 – Gabriel Marselis * 1673–1683 – Vilhelm baron Güldencrone no. 1 * 1683–1692 – Regitze Sophie Vind * 1692–1701 – Christian baron Güldencrone / Jørgen baron Güldencrone / Vilhelm baron Güldencrone no. 2 * 1701–1746 – Christian baron Güldencrone * 1746–1747 – Vilhelm baron Güldencrone no. 3 * 1747–1753 – Matthias baron Güldencrone * 1753–1788 – Christian Frederik baron Güldencrone * 1788–1822 – Frederik Julius Christian baron Gyldenkrone * 1822–1838 – Danish state * 1838–1844 – Torkild Christian Dahl / Peder Jacob Møller * 1844–1872 – Torkild Christian Dahl * 1872–1911 – Emilie Andersen Dahl * 1911–1952 – Bothilde Torkilsdatter Dahl * 1952–1960 – Bothilde Torkilsdatter Dahl's estate * 1960–1964 –
Århus County Aarhus County or Århus County ( da, Århus Amt) is a former county of Denmark ( Danish: ''amt Amt is a type of administrative division governing a group of municipalities, today only in Germany, but formerly also common in other countries ...
* 1964–present – Forhistorisk Museum, now known as
Moesgård Museum Moesgaard Museum (MOMU) is a Danish regional museum dedicated to archaeology and ethnography. It is located in Beder, a suburb of Aarhus, Denmark. MOMU cooperates with the Institute of Prehistoric Archaeology, Medieval and Renaissance Archaeology ...


Gallery

File:Mosgd 4w.jpg, One wing of the manor File:Mosgd w3.jpg File:Mosgd w2.jpg, View from the garden File:Moesgård 5.jpg File:Moesgård Manor elm avenue.jpg, The poplar avenue in the Manor garden


References


Further reading

* *


External links

*
Moesgård Museum

Aarhus University School of Culture and Society
{{DEFAULTSORT:Moesgard Listed buildings in Aarhus Houses completed in 1778 Neoclassical architecture in Aarhus Manor houses in Denmark Listed castles and manor houses in Denmark Buildings and structures associated with the Gyldenstierne family