Missing in Action (film)

''Missing in Action'' is a 1984 American action film directed by Joseph Zito and starring Chuck Norris. It is set in the context of the Vietnam War POW/MIA issue. Colonel Braddock, who escaped a Vietnamese prisoner of war camp 10 years earlier, returns to Vietnam to find American soldiers listed as missing in action during the Vietnam War. The film was followed by a prequel, '' Missing in Action 2: The Beginning'' (1985), and a sequel, '' Braddock: Missing in Action III'' (1988). It is the first installment in the ''Missing in Action'' film series. "Missing In Action" was actually intended to be a sequel to "Missing in Action 2", but when it became clear that "Missing in Action" was a much better film with stronger commercial prospects, "Missing in Action 2" was turned into both a sequel and a prequel that detailed events before those in "Missing in Action."

It is the first of a series of films themed around the Vietnam War POW/MIA issue that were produced by Menahem Golan and Yoram Globus and released under their Cannon Films banner, with whom Norris would have a long professional relationship. Norris later dedicated these films to his younger brother Wieland. Wieland, a private in the 101st Airborne Division, had been killed in June 1970 in Vietnam while on patrol in the defense of Firebase Ripcord. The film, however, was criticized heavily as being a preemptive cash-in on the ''Rambo'' franchise.

Despite the overwhelmingly negative reception from critics, the film was a commercial success and has become one of Chuck Norris's most popular films. It was also Chuck Norris's first film with The Cannon Group.

Plot

Colonel James Braddock is a US military officer who spent seven years in a North Vietnamese POW camp, which he escaped 10 years ago. After the war, Braddock accompanies a government investigation team that travels to Ho Chi Minh City to investigate reports of US soldiers still held prisoner. Braddock obtains the evidence then travels to Thailand, where he meets Jack "Tuck" Tucker, an old Army friend turned black market kingpin. Together, they launch a mission deep into the jungle to free the US POW's from General Tran.

Cast

* Chuck Norris as Colonel James Braddock
* M. Emmet Walsh as Jack "Tuck" Tucker
* David Tress as Senator Maxwell Porter
* Lenore Kasdorf as Ann Fitzgerald
* Ernie Ortega as General Vinh
* James Hong as General Tran
* E. Erich Anderson as Masucci
* Pierrino Mascarino as Jacques
* Joseph Carberry as Carter
* Avi Kleinberger as Dalton
* Willie Williams as Randall
* Bella Flores as Madame Pearl
* Augusto Victa as General Yung
* Jean-Claude Van Damme as An Extra Soldier (uncredited)

Production

Development

The name of Braddock was inspired by ''The Graduate'' character, Benjamin Braddock, played by Dustin Hoffman. The producers' idea was to create a Vietnam War hero with the name of a lazy Californian student.

The concept for the film originated from a treatment, written by James Cameron in 1983, for the film '' Rambo: First Blood Part II'' that was floating around Hollywood at the time. This explains the similar plotlines between ''Rambo'' franchise and the ''Missing in Action'' film series. Representatives from Cannon Group said Cameron's script served as inspiration to the film and subsequently produced and released the first two ''Missing in Action'' films two months before the release of ''Rambo: First Blood Part II'', in order to avoid copyright violation lawsuits.

Norris says he was approached to make the film by Lance Hool, who had a script about American POWs in Vietnam. Norris was enthusiastic as he wanted to pay tribute to his brother Wieland. Vietnam films were not popular at the time however and Norris and Hool received numerous rejections.Norris p 121

Norris said he tried "to instill a positive attitude" about the Vietnam War by making the film. He did say "Vietnam was a tragic mistake. If you don't want to win the battle, don't get involved."

He added, "I am a conservative, a real flag waver, a big Ronald Reagan fan. I'm not so much a Republican or Democrat; I go more for the man himself. Ronald Reagan says what he thinks, he's not afraid to speak his mind, even if he may be unpopular. I want a strong leader and he is a strong leader. And ever since he has been in office there has been a more positive, patriotic feeling in this country."

Hool and Norris took the project to Cannon Films, who liked the project. They already had a script in development about the rescue of American POWS in Vietnam, and signed Norris to make both films. The first, ''Missing in Action'', would be about Braddock's rescue of POWS. The second, ''Missing in Action 2'', would be a prequel about Braddock's years as a POW. The two films were shot back-to-back. Joseph Zito directed the first, Hool the second.

Filming

Filming was to have started in Saint Kitts in January 1984.WORK STARTS ON WAR FILM IN ST. KITTS Philadelphia Inquirer 5 Feb 1984: M.3. However the films ended up being shot in the Philippines.

"I'm not quite as anti-government as Rambo is", said Norris. "When the helicopter comes to rescue Rambo and the American MIA (missing in action), and then leaves them stranded, I found that unrealistic. There is not an American pilot alive who would leave them there. They'd have to shoot me to stop me from picking them up, because I'd be dead inside if I didn't."

Reception

Box office

The film was popular at the box office, one of the most successful ever made by Cannon. It made $6 million in its first weekend and earned over $10 million in rentals in the US. It resulted in a profit to Cannon of $6.5 million on the basis of its US release alone.

By 1985 it earned $26 million.

Critical response

Norris said "One of the biggest thrills of my life came when I went to a theatre to see ''Missing in Action'', and all the people stood up and applauded at the end. That's when my character brings some POWs he's just rescued to a conference in Saigon, where the politicians are saying there aren't any more prisoners of war."'I really appreciate the acclaim' Norris basks in limelight
KLEMESRUD, JUDY. The Globe and Mail3 Sep 1985: S.7.

Janet Maslin of ''The New York Times'' wrote that it's possible from watching the film "to come away with the misimpression that Mr. Norris has not said a word. He does talk, of course, but his real eloquence is exclusively physical. There's not quite enough of it to explain why someone of Mr. Norris's taciturn manner and unprepossessing blond looks has managed to become an international B-movie star. But there ''is'' enough to carry a simple, bullet-riddled, crowd-pleasing action movie like this one." ''Variety'' noted, "With the Philippines filling in for Vietnam jungles, with Norris kicking and firing away, with a likable sidekick in the black marketeering figure of M. Emmet Walsh, and with a touch of nudity in sordid Bangkok bars; writer James Bruner and director Joseph Zito have marshalled a formula pic with a particularly jingoistic slant; the Commies in Vietnam still deserve the smack of the bullet." Kevin Thomas of the ''Los Angeles Times'' wrote, "'Missing in Action' (citywide) is so shrewdly tailored to Norris' stoic persona and physical skills that it's one of his best films to date ... The only problem is its lack of suspense: You just know that Norris is going to succeed in his mission. Come to think of it, why did it take the invincible Norris eight years to make good his own escape?" Richard Christiansen of the ''Chicago Tribune'' gave the film 2 stars out of 4 and wrote that "Norris stolidly delivers as the strong, silent loner who cuts through government red tape to nail the villains and rescue the oppressed, and the fact that any American soldier beats the Vietnamese (shown to be slimy, sadistic brutes) may bring cheer to many people. Overall, however, this is standard war action, not very energetically filmed but zipped up with a little female nudity and much technological trickery." Paul Attanasio of ''The Washington Post'' wrote, "Chuck Norris fans will not be disappointed by 'Missing in Action,' a bang-bang you're dead exploitation flick from the Cannon Group in which the action is rarely missing ... Norris doesn't do much acting—he's the poor man's Clint Eastwood—but his karate is crackerjack. And Walsh is hammily engaging as Braddock's sidekick."

Scott Weinberg of eFilmCritic.com gave the film 2 stars out of 5, writing that "Norris does Stallone... badly" in his review. In a 2003 BBC
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