Michael Hagemeister
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Michael Hagemeister (born 9 January 1951 in
Ellwangen Ellwangen an der Jagst, officially Ellwangen (Jagst), in common use simply Ellwangen () is a town in the district of Ostalbkreis in the east of Baden-Württemberg in Germany. It is situated about north of Aalen. Ellwangen has 25,000 inhabitants. ...
,
Baden-Württemberg Baden-Württemberg (; ), commonly shortened to BW or BaWü, is a German state () in Southwest Germany, east of the Rhine, which forms the southern part of Germany's western border with France. With more than 11.07 million inhabitants across a ...
) is a German historian and
Slavist Slavic (American English) or Slavonic (British English) studies, also known as Slavistics is the academic field of area studies concerned with Slavic areas, languages, literature, history, and culture. Originally, a Slavist or Slavicist was prim ...
, an authority on ''
The Protocols of the Elders of Zion ''The Protocols of the Elders of Zion'' () or ''The Protocols of the Meetings of the Learned Elders of Zion'' is a fabricated antisemitic text purporting to describe a Jewish plan for global domination. The hoax was plagiarized from several ...
'' and on
Sergei Nilus Sergei Aleksandrovich Nilus (also ''Sergius'', and variants; russian: Серге́й Алекса́ндрович Ни́лус; – 14 January 1929) was a Russian religious writer and self-described mystic. His book ''Velikoe v malom i antik ...
. Hagemeister was employed at the universities of
Marburg Marburg ( or ) is a university town in the German federal state (''Bundesland'') of Hesse, capital of the Marburg-Biedenkopf district (''Landkreis''). The town area spreads along the valley of the river Lahn and has a population of approxima ...
, Bochum,
Basel , french: link=no, Bâlois(e), it, Basilese , neighboring_municipalities= Allschwil (BL), Hégenheim (FR-68), Binningen (BL), Birsfelden (BL), Bottmingen (BL), Huningue (FR-68), Münchenstein (BL), Muttenz (BL), Reinach (BL), Riehen (BS ...
, Innsbruck, Frankfurt (Oder) (''Viadrina European University''), and
Berlin Berlin ( , ) is the capital and List of cities in Germany by population, largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's List of cities in the European Union by population within ci ...
. Hagemeister served as researcher at the Department of History of the
University of Basel The University of Basel (Latin: ''Universitas Basiliensis'', German: ''Universität Basel'') is a university in Basel, Switzerland. Founded on 4 April 1460, it is Switzerland's oldest university and among the world's oldest surviving universit ...
and as temporary professor at the Department of History of
Ludwig Maximilian University The Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (simply University of Munich or LMU; german: Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München) is a public research university in Munich, Germany. It is Germany's sixth-oldest university in continuous operatio ...
, Munich and at the Department of East European History at
Viadrina European University European University Viadrina Frankfurt (Oder) (german: Europa-Universität Viadrina Frankfurt (Oder)) is a university located at Frankfurt (Oder) in Brandenburg, Germany. It is also known as the University of Frankfurt (Oder). The city is on the ...
, Frankfurt (Oder). Hagemeister wrote his doctoral thesis on the
Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-eig ...
n philosopher Nikolai Fyodorov (1829–1903). In his current research he concentrates on the origins and early history of ''The Protocols of the Elders of Zion'' and the life and work of the Russian religious and apocalyptic writer
Sergei Nilus Sergei Aleksandrovich Nilus (also ''Sergius'', and variants; russian: Серге́й Алекса́ндрович Ни́лус; – 14 January 1929) was a Russian religious writer and self-described mystic. His book ''Velikoe v malom i antik ...
(1862–1929).


Research on the ''Protocols''

The
Protocols of the Elders of Zion ''The Protocols of the Elders of Zion'' () or ''The Protocols of the Meetings of the Learned Elders of Zion'' is a fabricated antisemitic text purporting to describe a Jewish plan for global domination. The hoax was plagiarized from several ...
, first published in the
Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. ...
in 1903, is a notorious forgery that pretends to detail a long-term Jewish plan for world domination. The origins of the document are shrouded in mystery and many theories have been proposed. The theory that had received the most support until recently was presented at the
Berne Trial The Berne Trial (also known under the name of "Zionistenprozess") was a famous court case in Berne, Switzerland which took place between 1933 and 1935. Two organisations, the Swiss Federation of Jewish Communities () and the Bernese Jewish Commu ...
of 1933–1935, in which two Jewish organizations sued the Swiss distributors of the ''Protocols''. The plaintiffs invited witnesses who testified that the ''Protocols'' was originally written in France in the late 1890s by agents of the Russian secret police and later translated into Russian. According to their version, the main perpetrators were police commander
Pyotr Rachkovsky Pyotr Ivanovich Rachkovsky (russian: Пётр Иванович Рачковский; 1853 – 1 November 1910) was chief of Okhrana, the secret service in Imperial Russia. He was based in Paris from 1885 to 1902. Activities in 1880s–1890s Afte ...
and his unsavoury collaborator
Matvei Golovinski Matvei Vasilyevich Golovinski (alternatively, Mathieu) (russian: Матвей Васильевич Головинский) (6 March 1865 – 1920) was a Russian-French writer, journalist and political activist. Critics studying ''The Protocols of ...
. This account became generally accepted following the publication of
Norman Cohn Norman Rufus Colin Cohn FBA (12 January 1915 – 31 July 2007) was a British academic, historian and writer who spent 14 years as a professorial fellow and as Astor-Wolfson Professor at the University of Sussex. Life Cohn was born in London, to ...
's ''
Warrant for Genocide ''Warrant for Genocide: The Myth of the Jewish World-Conspiracy and the Protocols of the Elders of Zion'', by Norman Cohn, is a critical work about ''The Protocols of the Elders of Zion''. This scholarly book explores the history, origin, and wo ...
'' in 1966, which added many details to it. Hagemeister's research into the origins of the ''Protocols'' led him to discount both the French origin of the document and the involvement of the Russian secret police. He discovered that the chief witness for the prosecution at the Berne trial had demanded a large sum of money in advance and that the plaintiffs themselves considered him highly suspect. His historical research supports the textual analysis of Cesare G. De Michelis, who concluded that the forgery was originally written in Russian in 1902–3 by unknown person(s). Among the experts who have accepted Hagemeister's theory is
Richard S. Levy Richard Simon Levy (May 10, 1940 – June 23, 2021) was a professor of Modern German History at the University of Illinois at Chicago from 1971 until his retirement in 2019. He is most noted for his contributions to history in debunking several anti ...
, who called him "the leading authority on this subject".


Publications

*''Die Protokolle der Weisen von Zion’ - eine Anti-Utopie oder der Große Plan in der Geschichte?'' (''‘The Protocols of the Elders of Zion’ - an anti-Utopia or the Great Plan in History’''), *''Vladimir Solov’ev and Sergej Nilus: Apocalypticism and Judeophobia,'' *''The Protocols of the Elders of Zion and the Myth of a Jewish Conspiracy in Post-Soviet Russia,'' *''The Protocols of the Elders of Zion: Between History and Fiction,'' *''Anti-Semitism, Occultism, and Theories of Conspiracy in Contemporary Russia – The Case of Ilya Glazunov,'' *''Die Eroberung des Raums und die Beherrschung der Zeit: Utopische, apokalyptische und magisch-okkulte Elemente in den Zukunftsentwürfen der Sowjetzeit'' (''‘The Conquest of Space and the Mastery of Time: Utopian, Apocalyptic and Magical-Occult Elements in the Future Designs of the Soviet Era’''), *''The Protocols of the Elders of Zion and the Myth of a Jewish Conspiracy in Post-Soviet Russia'', *''Russian Émigrés in the Bern Trial of the “Protocols of the Elders of Zion” (1933-1935),'' *''The Protocols of the Elders of Zion in Court. The Bern Trials, 1933-1937,'' *''The Conquest of Space and the Bliss of the Atoms – Konstantin Tsiolkovskii,'' *''Konstantin Tsiolkovskii and the Occult Roots of Soviet Space Travel,'' *''“The Antichrist as an Imminent Political Possibility”. Sergei Nilus and the Apocalyptical Reading of The Protocols of the Elders of Zion,'' *''The American Connection. Leslie Fry and the Protocols of the Elders of Zion,'' *''The Protocols of the Elders of Zion – a Forgery?'' *''The Perennial Conspiracy Theory: Reflections on the History of the Protocols of the Elders of Zion,"" *(Together with
Boris Groys Boris Efimovich Groys (born 19 March 1947) is an art critic, media theorist, and philosopher. He is currently a global distinguished professor of Russian and Slavic studies at New York University and senior research fellow at the Karlsruhe Univer ...
, as editor) ''Die Neue Menschheit. Biopolitische Utopien in Rußland zu Beginn des zwanzigsten Jahrhunderts'' (''The New Humankind. Biopolitical Utopias in Russia at the Beginning of the Twentieth Century''). *(Together with Birgit Menzel and Bernice Rosenthal, as editor) ''The New Age of Russia. Occult and Esoteric Dimensions''. *(Together with Eva Horn, as editor) ''Die Fiktion von der jüdischen Weltverschwörung. Zu Text und Kontext der „Protokolle der Weisen von Zion“'' (''The Fiction of the Jewish World-Conspiracy. Text and Context of the „Protocols of the Elders of Zion“'').


References


External links


Faculty Page at Ruhr-Universität BochumMichael Hagemeister
Academia.edu Academia.edu is a for-profit open repository of academic articles free to read by visitors. Uploading and downloading is restricted to registered users. Additional features are accessible only as a paid subscription. Since 2016 various social ...

Faculty page, University of Basel
*
Michael Hagemeister: ''The Protocols of the Elders of Zion: Between History and Fiction'' (2008)
* Michael Hagemeiste
In Search of Testimony about the Origins of the Protocols of the Elders of Zion: A Handwritten Edition that Disappeared from the Lenin Library (in Russian)
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hagemeister, Michael 1951 births Living people People from Ellwangen Protocols of the Elders of Zion 20th-century German historians Academic staff of the Humboldt University of Berlin Academic staff of the University of Marburg Academic staff of European University Viadrina Academic staff of the University of Innsbruck German male non-fiction writers 21st-century German historians