José Joaquim de Campos da Costa de Medeiros e Albuquerque (4 September 1867 – 9 June 1934) was a Brazilian poet, politician, teacher, journalist, short story writer, civil servant, essayist, orator, novelist and dramatist. He is famous for writing the lyrics of the

Brazilian Republic Anthem The Brazilian Republic Anthem, also known as the Anthem of the Proclamation of the Republic ( Portuguese: ''Hino da Proclamação da República''), is a Brazilian song commemorating the Proclamation of the Republic in 15 November 1889. It was com ...

in 1890. He founded and occupied the 22nd chair of the

Brazilian Academy of Letters The Academia Brasileira de Letras (ABL) ( English: ''Brazilian Academy of Letters'') is a Brazilian literary non-profit society established at the end of the 19th century. The first president, Machado de Assis, declared its foundation on Tue ...

from 1897 until his death in 1934. He was also the President of the Academy in 1923.

Life

Albuquerque was born in 1867 in

Recife That it may shine on all ( Matthew 5:15) , image_map = Brazil Pernambuco Recife location map.svg , mapsize = 250px , map_caption = Location in the state of Pernambuco , pushpin_map = Brazil#South A ...

, Pernambuco, the son of Dr. José Joaquim de Campos de Medeiros e Albuquerque. Initially homeschooled by his mother, he studied at the

Colégio Pedro II Colégio Pedro II is a traditional federal public school, located in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is the third oldest active college in the country, after Ginásio Pernambucano and Atheneu Norte-Riograndense. The school was created ...

and later in Lisbon. Returning to Brazil, he studied natural history with

Émil Goeldi Émil August Goeldi (var. Göldi, Portuguese var. Emílio Augusto Goeldi) (28 August 1859 – 5 July 1917 in Bern), was a Swiss-Brazilian naturalist and zoologist. He was the father of Oswaldo Goeldi, a noted Brazilian engraver and illustra ...

and was tutored by

Sílvio Romero Sílvio Vasconcelos da Silveira Ramos Romero (April 21, 1851 – June 18, 1914) was a Brazilian " Condorist" poet, essayist, literary critic, professor, journalist, historian and politician. He founded and occupied the 17th chair of the Brazilian ...

. He initially worked as a primary teacher, getting in contact with famous writers such as

Francisco de Paula Ney Francisco de Paula Ney (February 2, 1858 – November 13, 1897) was a Brazilian poet and journalist. A pre-eminent figure of the bohemian Rio de Janeiro of the '' Belle Époque'', he was a friend of Coelho Neto, Aluísio Azevedo and Olavo Bila ...

and

Pardal Mallet João Carlos de Medeiros Pardal Mallet (December 9, 1864 – November 24, 1894) was a Brazilian journalist and novelist. He is the patron of the 30th chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters. Life Mallet was born in the city of Bagé, in Rio G ...

. In 1889 he published his first poetry books: ''Pecados'' and ''Canções da Decadência'', of strong Symbolist influence. In 1888 he worked for the newspaper ''Novidades'' alongside Alcindo Guanabara, defending

Abolitionist Abolitionism, or the abolitionist movement, is the movement to end slavery. In Western Europe and the Americas, abolitionism was a historic movement that sought to end the Atlantic slave trade and liberate the enslaved people. The British ...

ideals. With the proclamation of the Republic in Brazil, he was nominated a secretary by Aristides Lobo and a minister by Benjamin Constant Botelho de Magalhães. From 1890 onwards he became a teacher for the Escola Nacional de Belas Artes and wrote the lyrics of the

. He was a convicted atheist for most of his life, but he converted to

catholicism The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...

later in life. During his last years of life, he would write for many newspapers, using pen names such as Armando Quevedo, Atasius Noll, J. dos Santos, Max and Rifiúfio Singapura. He died in 1934.

Works

Poetry

* ''Pecados'' (1889) * ''Canções da Decadência'' (1889) * ''Poesias 1893—1901'' (1904) * ''Fim'' (1922) * ''Poemas Sem Versos'' (1924) * ''Quando Eu Falava de Amor'' (1933)

Short stories

* ''Um Homem Prático'' (1898) * ''Mãe Tapuia'' (1900) * ''Contos Escolhidos'' (1907) * ''O Assassinato do General'' (1926) * ''O Umbigo de Adão'' (1932) * ''Se Eu Fosse Sherlock Holmes'' (1932) * ''Segredo Conjugal'' (co-authorship – 1934) * ''Surpresas'' (1934)

Novels

* ''Marta'' (1920) * ''Mistério'' (co-authorship – 1921) * ''Laura'' (1933)

Theatre plays

* ''O Escândalo'' (1910) * ''Teatro Meu... E dos Outros'' (1923)

Essays and conferences

* ''Em Voz Alta'' (1909) * ''O Silêncio É de Ouro'' (1912) * ''Pontos de Vista'' (1913) * ''Literatura Alheia'' (1914) * ''Páginas de Crítica'' (1920) * ''O Hipnotismo'' (1921) * ''Graves e Fúteis'' (1922) * ''Homens e Coisas da Academia'' (1934) * ''A Obra de

Júlio Dantas Júlio Dantas, GCC (1876 – 1962) was a Portuguese doctor, poet, journalist, politician, diplomat and dramatist. He was born in Lagos and was a prolific writer; he cultivated various literary genres, from poetry to novels and journalis ...

'' (n.d.)

Memoirs and travel accounts

* ''Por Alheias Terras...'' (1931) * ''Minha Vida: Da Infância à Mocidade (1867—1893)'' (1933) * ''Minha Vida: Da Mocidade à Velhice (1893—1934)'' (1934)

References

External links