Perahu Mayang or simply mayang is a type of fishing boat from

Java Java (; id, Jawa, ; jv, ꦗꦮ; su, ) is one of the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia. It is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the south and the Java Sea to the north. With a population of 151.6 million people, Java is the world's mos ...

Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...

. This type of boat is used mainly for fishing and trading. Historically, this indigenous vessel is also favored by European skippers and private merchants for trading in

East Indies The East Indies (or simply the Indies), is a term used in historical narratives of the Age of Discovery. The Indies refers to various lands in the East or the Eastern hemisphere, particularly the islands and mainlands found in and around ...

: 50% of them were using mayang and pencalang. It is mostly used in northern coast of Java. The major production site is in

Rembang Rembang Regency ( id, Kabupaten Rembang) is a regency ( id, kabupaten) on the extreme northeast coast of Central Java Province, on the island of Java (bordering on the Java Sea) in Indonesia. The regency covers an area of 1,035.70 km2 on Java ...

, Central Java.

Etymology

The name mayang comes from ''payang'' (a type of seine) used by local fishermen. Thus the name can be translated as "using ''payang''".

Description

Major portion of the mayang hull is built using teak wood. The hull shape is broad, flat-bottomed with a pronounced bow and stern. It is deckless, but may have a covered "house" in the middle of the boat. Mayang are also built with a watertight bulkhead. In the 18th century, a Mayang is described as having a crew of 6 or 9 and is 12.2 to 15 metres long; with a 7.24 tonne burthen. A boat from 1850 had a beam of 3 m, a length of 12 m, and a depth of 1 m. There were at least 9 compartments for storing fish (called ''petak''), three of them in front of the mast, separated from each other by bulkheads. The planks are all fixed by treenails (''pasak'') into the bulkheads.Horridge, Adrian (2015). ''Perahu Layar Tradisional Nusantara''. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Ombak. An Indonesian translation of Horridge, Adrian (1985). ''The Prahu: Traditional Sailing Boat of Indonesia, second edition''. Oxford: Oxford University Press. A Mayang has 1 mast with 1 sail of

tanja Tanja ( sr, Тања) is a feminine given name. It may refer to: Mononyms *''Tanja'' (born 1983), Russian-Estonian singer, also known as Tanja Mihhailova Given name *Tanja Andrejeva (born 1978), Macedonian handball player * Tanja Bogosavljevi� ...

lateen A lateen (from French ''latine'', meaning "Latin") or latin-rig is a triangular sail set on a long yard mounted at an angle on the mast, and running in a fore-and-aft direction. The settee can be considered to be an associated type of the same ...

, or crab claw type, with the tanja being the most common. It is steered using 1 axial rudder or 2 quarter (side) rudders. For defense, the mayang has no

cannon A cannon is a large- caliber gun classified as a type of artillery, which usually launches a projectile using explosive chemical propellant. Gunpowder ("black powder") was the primary propellant before the invention of smokeless powder ...

, but has 1 swivel gun and 2 snaphaunces. Modern mayang are also equipped with an engine, and some of them also had a

keel The keel is the bottom-most longitudinal structural element on a vessel. On some sailboats, it may have a hydrodynamic and counterbalancing purpose, as well. As the laying down of the keel is the initial step in the construction of a ship, in Br ...

. A modern mayang is about 10–15 m long, 2–3 m breadth, with 0.5–0.9 m high hull. Mast height is 8–9 m, with sail area about 14x16 m2. ''Linggi'' (the foremost part of the frame) is about 2.1 m high, about 1.2 m in width and adorned with traditional motifs like flower, horse head, wayang figure and writings in bright colors. Its striking feature is the high mast with very long ''pembawon'' (the topmost

bamboo Bamboos are a diverse group of evergreen perennial flowering plants making up the subfamily Bambusoideae of the grass family Poaceae. Giant bamboos are the largest members of the grass family. The origin of the word "bamboo" is uncertain, ...

spar used to tie the sail, in case with tanja type sail). To furl the sail, the lower spar/boom called ''penggiling'' is used. Mayang has shallow draft which makes it suitable to go to shore and rivers. The large sail propel the boat with relatively high speed, when the wind is unavailable row or paddle can be used instead.Dinas Komunikasi, Informatika dan Statistik Pemprov DKI Jakarta (2017). ''Mayang, Perahu.'' The shape of the boat varied depending on location. In

Madura Madura Island is an Indonesian island off the northeastern coast of Java. The island comprises an area of approximately (administratively 5,379.33 km2 including various smaller islands to the east, southeast and north that are administrati ...

, the mayang is an introduced boat. It is quite similar in construction technique to a ''perahu jaring'' but beamier and having a horn-like pole which is carried beyond the sides of the boat to the stern to support the net. Mayang from madura have a small bow, while the ones from East Java have a large brightly colored flat bow. Madurese mayang used the Madurese lete sail. East Javan mayang adopted the Madurese sail, with a tall mast, sail supporting ropes, the other mayang rigging is maintained. In western coast of Java, a mayang's bow tend to be smaller. In Rembang the boat has 2 vertical poles behind the stempost and is dubbed as a ''konting''.

Gallery

File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Een vissersprauw met grote fuik zoals die gebruikt wordt in het gebied van de Duizend eilanden in de Baai van Batavia TMnr 60010661.jpg, Mayang with a large fishing trap in the Thousand islands, bay of Batavia. File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Een Besoekische vissersprauw voor de kust van Oost-Java TMnr 60009813.jpg, Mayang from Besuki, east Java File:In de bocht van Anjer een prauw met posthouder, NG-1985-7-2-59.jpg, Two mayang in

Anyer Anyer, also known as Anjer or Angier, is a coastal town in Banten, formerly West Java, Indonesia, west of Jakarta and south of Merak. A significant coastal town late 18th-century, Anyer faces the Sunda Strait. History The town was a considerab ...

beach, by Jan Brandes, 1779. File:De prauw van de posthouder, NG-1985-7-2-60.jpg, Jan Brandes' detailed sketch of an open Mayang, 1808.

Etymology

Description

Gallery

See also

References

Further reading