Massimo Introvigne
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Massimo Introvigne (born June 14, 1955, in
Rome , established_title = Founded , established_date = 753 BC , founder = King Romulus ( legendary) , image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg , map_caption ...
) is an Italian
Roman Catholic Roman or Romans most often refers to: * Rome, the capital city of Italy *Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD * Roman people, the people of ancient Rome *'' Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a let ...
sociologist of religion Sociology of religion is the study of the beliefs, practices and organizational forms of religion using the tools and methods of the discipline of sociology. This objective investigation may include the use both of quantitative methods (surveys, ...
Jason Horowitz
"A Clash of Worldviews as Pope Meets Putin"
''The New York Times'', July 4, 2019.
and
intellectual property Intellectual property (IP) is a category of property that includes intangible creations of the human intellect. There are many types of intellectual property, and some countries recognize more than others. The best-known types are patents, co ...
attorney. He is a founder and the managing director of the Center for Studies on New Religions ( CESNUR), a
Turin Turin ( , Piedmontese language, Piedmontese: ; it, Torino ) is a city and an important business and cultural centre in Northern Italy. It is the capital city of Piedmont and of the Metropolitan City of Turin, and was the first Italian capital ...
-based organization which has been described as "the highest profile lobbying and information group for controversial religions".


Life and work

Introvigne was born in Rome on June 14, 1955. Introvigne earned a B.A. in Philosophy from Rome's Gregorian University in 1975, and in 1979 his Dr.Jur. from University of Turin. He worked from the law firm Jacobacci e Associati as an intellectual property attorney, specialized in
domain names A domain name is a string that identifies a realm of administrative autonomy, authority or control within the Internet. Domain names are often used to identify services provided through the Internet, such as websites, email services and more. ...
. In 1972, he joined conservative Catholic group Alleanza Cattolica. From 2008 to 2016 he has served as vice-president of the group. In 1988 he co-founded the CESNUR and has since served as the group director.Liaisons Dangereuses Des Universités Lyonnaises
, L'Humanité, June 27, 2001 by Serge Garde
Beginning in 2012, Introvigne was listed as a "invited professor of sociology of religious movements" at the Salesian Pontifical University in Turin. In 2012, Introvigne was appointed chairperson of the newly-formed Observatory of Religious Liberty of the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Beginning in 2018, Introvigne was editor-in-chief of the daily magazine on religion and
human rights in China Human rights in mainland China are periodically reviewed by the United Nations Human Rights Committee (UNHRC), on which the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), government of the People's Republic of China (PRC) and various foreign governments and ...
, '' Bitter Winter'', which is published by CESNUR. Introvigne is a proponent of the theory of religious economy developed by Rodney Stark.


Introvigne and new religions

Swedish academic Per Faxneld, writing for '' Reading Religion'', described Introvigne as "one of the major names in the study of
new religions A new religious movement (NRM), also known as alternative spirituality or a new religion, is a religious or spiritual group that has modern origins and is peripheral to its society's dominant religious culture. NRMs can be novel in origin or t ...
." Sociologist
Roberto Cipriani Roberto Cipriani (b. Rovato, 1945) is an Italian social scientist. He is professor emeritus of sociology at Roma Tre University. "He has written extensively on popular religion, the sacred and secularization", and is known for his unconventional ...
has called Introvigne "one of the Italian sociologists of religion most well-known abroad, and among the world's leading scholars of new religious movements". In 2001, sociologist Stephen A. Kent described Introvigne as a "persistent critic of any national attempts to identify or curtail so-called '
cult In modern English, ''cult'' is usually a pejorative term for a social group that is defined by its unusual religious, spiritual, or philosophical beliefs and rituals, or its common interest in a particular personality, object, or goal. Thi ...
s'", arguing that, :"In the context, therefore, of the debate over Scientology in France and Germany, CESNUR is a
think-tank A think tank, or policy institute, is a research institute that performs research and advocacy concerning topics such as social policy, political strategy, economics, military, technology, and culture. Most think tanks are non-governmental ...
and lobbying group, attempting to advance Scientology's legitimation goals by influencing European and American governmental policies toward it. It is not a neutral academic association, even less so because on its web page Introvigne intermingles ideological positions within solid research and information. On issues, however, that are key to the religious human rights debates — apostates, brainwashing, undue influence, compromised academic research, ' sect' membership and the potential for harm, critical information exchange on the Internet, etc. — he advocates doctrinaire positions that favour groups like Scientology." In the mid-1990s, Introvigne testified on behalf of Scientologists in a criminal trial in Lyon. After Introvigne was critical of the publication of the 1995 report on cults by the French government, journalists described Introvigne as a "cult apologist", saying he was tied to the Catholic Alliance and
Silvio Berlusconi Silvio Berlusconi ( ; ; born 29 September 1936) is an Italian media tycoon and politician who served as Prime Minister of Italy in four governments from 1994 to 1995, 2001 to 2006 and 2008 to 2011. He was a member of the Chamber of Deputies f ...
's then ruling party. Introvigne responded that his scholarly and political activities were not connected. Introvigne has written on the concept of brainwashing. Gandow refers to what he calls the "APA-Lie" (i.e. the way Introvigne presented the position of the
American Psychological Association The American Psychological Association (APA) is the largest scientific and professional organization of psychologists in the United States, with over 133,000 members, including scientists, educators, clinicians, consultants, and students. It ha ...
on brainwashing) as a scientific scandal. He published an Encyclopedia of Religion in Italy. Journalist and Scientology-critic
Tony Ortega Anthony "Tony" Ortega is an American journalist and editor who is best known for his daily blog about the Church of Scientology called ''The Underground Bunker''. He was executive editor of ''The Raw Story'' from 2013 until 2015. Previously, ...
penned a series of 2018/19 articles criticizing ''The Journal of CESNUR'' as an unreliable "apologist journal".


Popular culture and vampires

Introvigne is also director of CESPOC, the Center for the Study of Popular Culture. He was the Italian director of the Transylvanian Society of Dracula, which included the leading academic scholars in the field of the literary and historical study of the vampire myth.The Board of the Transylvanian Society of Dracula
American Chapter.
In 1997, J. Gordon Melton and Introvigne organized an event at the Westin Hotel in Los Angeles where 1,500 attendees came dressed as
vampire A vampire is a mythical creature that subsists by feeding on the Vitalism, vital essence (generally in the form of blood) of the living. In European folklore, vampires are undead, undead creatures that often visited loved ones and caused mi ...
s for "creative writing contest, Gothic rock music and theatrical performances"."Coffin Break To Vampires Everywhere, Fangs For The Memories", '' The Los Angeles Daily News'' – July 23, 1997. Carol Bidwell.


Bibliography


Books

* ''Le nuove Religioni'', SugarCo (1989), . * ''Il cappello del mago: i nuovi movimenti magici dallo spiritismo al satanismo'', SugarCo (1990), . *''Il ritorno dello gnosticismo '', SugarCo (1993), . * ''Les Mormons'', Brepols (December 30, 1996), . *''The Unification Church (Studies in Contemporary Religions, 2)'', Signature Books (September 1, 2000) . * Rodney Stark and Massimo Introvigne, ''Dio è tornato. Indagine sulla rivincita delle religioni in Occidente'', Piemme (2003), . * Laurence R. Iannaccone and Massimo Introvigne, ''Il Mercato dei Martiri. L'industria del terrorismo suicida'', Lindau (2004), . * ''Satanism: A Social History'', Brill (2016), . * ''The Plymouth Brethren'', Oxford University Press (2018), . * ''Il libro nero della persecuzione religiosa in Cina'', SugarCo (2019), . *''Inside The Church of Almighty God: The Most Persecuted Religious Movement in China'', Oxford University Press (2020),


See also

*
New religious movement A new religious movement (NRM), also known as alternative spirituality or a new religion, is a religious or Spirituality, spiritual group that has modern origins and is peripheral to its society's dominant religious culture. NRMs can be novel in ...
*
Theosophy and visual arts Modern Theosophy has had considerable influence on the work of visual artists, particularly painters. Artists such as Wassily Kandinsky, Piet Mondrian, and Luigi Russolo chose Theosophy as the main ideological and philosophical basis of their wor ...


References


External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Introvigne, Massimo 1955 births Living people Italian Roman Catholics Researchers of new religious movements and cults Writers from Turin 21st-century Italian philosophers Italian sociologists CESNUR Western esotericism scholars Jurists from Turin