''Marrubium'' (horehound or hoarhound) is a genus of

flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vessel') and ('seed'), and refers to those plants th ...

s in the family Lamiaceae, native to temperate regions of Europe, North Africa, and Asia as far east as the

Xinjiang Xinjiang, SASM/GNC: ''Xinjang''; zh, c=, p=Xīnjiāng; formerly romanized as Sinkiang (, ), officially the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (XUAR), is an autonomous region of the People's Republic of China (PRC), located in the northwest ...

region of western China. A few species are also naturalized in North and South America.Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
/ref> ;Species *'' Marrubium alyssoides'' Pomel – Algeria, Morocco *'' Marrubium alysson'' L. – Mediterranean from Spain + Morocco to Palestine *'' Marrubium anisodon'' K.Koch – Greece, Albania, Crimea, southwest Asia from Turkey to Kashmir *'' Marrubium aschersonii'' Magnus – Tunisia *'' Marrubium astracanicum'' Jacq. – Caucasus, Iran, Iraq, Turkey *'' Marrubium atlanticum'' Batt. – Morocco *'' Marrubium ayardii'' Maire – Morocco * ''Marrubium'' × ''bastetanum'' Coincy – Spain ''(M. supinum × M. vulgare)'' *'' Marrubium bourgaei'' Boiss. – Turkey *'' Marrubium catariifolium'' Desr. – Caucasus, Turkey *'' Marrubium cephalanthum'' Boiss. & Noë – Turkey *'' Marrubium cordatum'' Nábelek – Iran, Iraq, Turkey *'' Marrubium crassidens'' Boiss. – Iran, Iraq *'' Marrubium cuneatum'' Banks & Sol. – Iran, Iraq, Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine *'' Marrubium cylleneum'' Boiss. & Heldr. – Greece *'' Marrubium depauperatum'' Boiss. & Balansa – Turkey *'' Marrubium duabense'' Murata – Iran, Afghanistan *'' Marrubium echinatum'' Ball – Morocco *'' Marrubium eriocephalum'' Seybold – Iraq *'' Marrubium fontianum'' Maire – Rif in northern Morocco *'' Marrubium friwaldskyanum'' Boiss. – Bulgaria *'' Marrubium glechomifolium'' Freyn & Conrath – Caucasus *'' Marrubium globosum'' Montbret & Aucher ex Benth. – Turkey, Syria, Lebanon *'' Marrubium heterocladum'' Emb. & Maire – Rif in northern Morocco *'' Marrubium heterodon'' (Benth.) Boiss. & Balansa – Turkey *'' Marrubium hierapolitanum'' Mouterde – Syria * ''Marrubium'' × ''humbertii'' Emb. & Maire – Morocco ''(M. ayardii × M. multibracteatum)'' *'' Marrubium incanum'' Desr. – Italy (including Sicily + Sardinia), Greece, Albania, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria *'' Marrubium leonuroides'' Desr. – Caucasus,

Crimea Crimea, crh, Къырым, Qırım, grc, Κιμμερία / Ταυρική, translit=Kimmería / Taurikḗ ( ) is a peninsula in Ukraine, on the northern coast of the Black Sea, that has been occupied by Russia since 2014. It has a pop ...

*'' Marrubium litardierei'' Marmey – Morocco *'' Marrubium lutescens'' Boiss. & Heldr. – Turkey *'' Marrubium multibracteatum'' Humbert & Maire – Morocco * ''Marrubium'' × ''paniculatum'' Desr. – Austria, Czech Republic, Yugoslavia ''(M. peregrinum × M. vulgare)'' *'' Marrubium parviflorum'' Fisch. & C.A.Mey. – Turkey, Iran, Caucasus *'' Marrubium peregrinum'' L. – central + Eastern Europe, Turkey, Caucasus *'' Marrubium persicum'' C.A.Mey – Turkey, Iran, Caucasus *'' Marrubium pestalozzae'' Boiss. – Greece, Bulgaria, Romania, Moldova, Ukraine, Crimea *'' Marrubium plumosum'' C.A.Mey. – Caucasus *'' Marrubium procerum'' Bunge – Iran *'' Marrubium propinquum'' Fisch. & C.A.Mey. – Iran, Caucasus *'' Marrubium rotundifolia'' Boiss. – Turkey *'' Marrubium sivasense'' Aytaç, Akgül & Ekici – Turkey *'' Marrubium supinum'' L. – Spain, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia *'' Marrubium thessalum'' Boiss. & Heldr. – Albania, Greece *'' Marrubium trachyticum'' Boiss. – Turkey *'' Marrubium vanense'' Hub.-Mor. – Turkey *'' Marrubium velutinum'' Sm. – Greece *'' Marrubium vulcanicum'' Hub.-Mor. – Turkey *''

Marrubium vulgare ''Marrubium vulgare'' (white horehound or common horehound) is a flowering plant in the mint family (Lamiaceae), native to Europe, northern Africa, and southwestern and central Asia. It is also widely naturalized in many places, including most of ...

'' L. – White horehound or common horehound – widespread from Denmark + Azores + Canary Islands east to Xingiang; naturalized in New Zealand, New Caledonia,

Hawaii Hawaii ( ; haw, Hawaii or ) is a state in the Western United States, located in the Pacific Ocean about from the U.S. mainland. It is the only U.S. state outside North America, the only state that is an archipelago, and the only state ...

Easter Island Easter Island ( rap, Rapa Nui; es, Isla de Pascua) is an island and special territory of Chile in the southeastern Pacific Ocean, at the southeasternmost point of the Polynesian Triangle in Oceania. The island is most famous for its ne ...

, North + South America The genus name ''Marrubium'' derives from the

Latin Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the ...

word ''marrubii'', meaning horehound. The French Talmudic exegete,

Rashi Shlomo Yitzchaki ( he, רבי שלמה יצחקי; la, Salomon Isaacides; french: Salomon de Troyes, 22 February 1040 – 13 July 1105), today generally known by the acronym Rashi (see below), was a medieval French rabbi and author of a compre ...

, thinks that this herb may have been used as one of the bitter herbs on the night of

Passover Passover, also called Pesach (; ), is a major Jewish holiday that celebrates the Biblical story of the Israelites escape from slavery in Egypt, which occurs on the 15th day of the Hebrew month of Nisan, the first month of Aviv, or spring. ...

.''Sefer Targum Ha-La'az'' (ed. Yisroel Gukovitzky), London 1992, p. 68 (entry no. 1000e) The common English name horehound is of unknown origin, but with the first part 'hore' derived from "hoary", "hairy". The species formerly classified as ''Marrubium nigrum'' (Black Horehound) is now placed in the genus '' Ballota''. ''Marrubium'' species are used as food plants by the

larva A larva (; plural larvae ) is a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into adults. Animals with indirect development such as insects, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase of their life cycle. ...

e of some Lepidoptera species including ''

Coleophora lineolea ''Coleophora lineolea'' is a moth of the family Coleophoridae. It is found in most of Europe. The wingspan is . Adults have yellowish ochre veins. They are on wing from late June to August. The larvae feed on Labiates including black horehoun ...

''.

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q159392 Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus Lamiaceae genera