Marie-Nicolas-Antoine Daveluy (16 March 1818 – 30 March 1866) was a French

missionary A missionary is a member of a religious group which is sent into an area in order to promote its faith or provide services to people, such as education, literacy, social justice, health care, and economic development.Thomas Hale 'On Being a Mi ...

and saint. His feast day is

March 30 Events Pre-1600 * 598 – Balkan Campaign: The Avars lift the siege at the Byzantine stronghold of Tomis. Their leader Bayan I retreats north of the Danube River after the Avaro- Slavic hordes are decimated by the plague. *1282 &ndash ...

, and he is also venerated along with the rest of the 103

Korean martyrs The Korean Martyrs were the victims of religious persecution against Catholics during the nineteenth century in Korea. Between 8,000–10,000 Korean Christians were killed during this period. 103 Catholics were canonized ''en masse'' in May 1984 ...

September 20 Events Pre-1600 *1058 – Agnes of Poitou and Andrew I of Hungary meet to negotiate about the border territory of Burgenland. *1066 – At the Battle of Fulford, Harald Hardrada defeats earls Morcar and Edwin. *1187 – Saladin b ...

Biography

Antoine Daveluy was born 16 March 1818 in Amiens, France. His father was a factory owner, town councilman, and government official. The members of his family were devout Catholics and two of his brothers became priests. He entered the St. Sulpice Seminary in

Issy-les-Moulineaux Issy-les-Moulineaux () is a commune in the southwestern suburban area of Paris, France, lying on the left bank of the river Seine. Its citizens are called ''Isséens'' in French. It is one of Paris' entrances and is located from Notre-Dame Cat ...

himself in October 1834 and was ordained a priest on 18 December 1841. His first assignment was as an assistant priest in Roye. Despite poor health, he joined the

Paris Foreign Missions Society The Society of Foreign Missions of Paris (french: Société des Missions Etrangères de Paris, short M.E.P.) is a Roman Catholic missionary organization. It is not a religious institute, but an organization of secular priests and lay persons de ...

on 4 October 1843. He departed for East Asia on 6 February 1844, intending to serve as a missionary in the

Ryukyu Islands The , also known as the or the , are a chain of Japanese islands that stretch southwest from Kyushu to Taiwan: the Ōsumi, Tokara, Amami, Okinawa, and Sakishima Islands (further divided into the Miyako and Yaeyama Islands), with Yona ...

of Japan. He arrived in

Macau Macau or Macao (; ; ; ), officially the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (MSAR), is a city and special administrative region of China in the western Pearl River Delta by the South China Sea. With a p ...

, where he was persuaded by the newly appointed

apostolic vicar Apostolic may refer to: The Apostles An Apostle meaning one sent on a mission: *The Twelve Apostles of Jesus, or something related to them, such as the Church of the Holy Apostles *Apostolic succession, the doctrine connecting the Christian Chur ...

Korea Korea ( ko, 한국, or , ) is a peninsular region in East Asia. Since 1945, it has been divided at or near the 38th parallel, with North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea) comprising its northern half and South Korea (Republic o ...

, Jean-Joseph-Jean-Baptiste Ferréol, to accompany him there instead. The two were joined by

Andrew Kim Tae-gŏn Andrew Kim Taegon (21 August 1821 – 16 September 1846), also referred to as Andrew Kim in English, was the first Korean-born Catholic priest and is the patron saint of Korean clergy. Life In the late 18th century, Catholicism began to ta ...

, a Korean

seminarian A seminary, school of theology, theological seminary, or divinity school is an educational institution for educating students (sometimes called ''seminarians'') in scripture, theology, generally to prepare them for ordination to serve as clergy, ...

who had been studying for the priesthood in Macau. They first traveled to

Shanghai Shanghai (; , , Standard Mandarin pronunciation: ) is one of the four direct-administered municipalities of the People's Republic of China (PRC). The city is located on the southern estuary of the Yangtze River, with the Huangpu River flowin ...

, where

Bishop A bishop is an ordained clergy member who is entrusted with a position of authority and oversight in a religious institution. In Christianity, bishops are normally responsible for the governance of dioceses. The role or office of bishop is c ...

Ferréol ordained Father Kim on 17 August 1845. The three priests then made a stormy crossing by sea to Korea, arriving in Chungcheong Province in October. Father Daveluy began work as a missionary in Korea, becoming fluent in the

language Language is a structured system of communication. The structure of a language is its grammar and the free components are its vocabulary. Languages are the primary means by which humans communicate, and may be conveyed through a variety of ...

. He wrote a Korean-French dictionary and other books about the Catholic Church and its history in Korean. On 13 November 1855, Pope Pius IX appointed him titular bishop of Akka and coadjutor to Bishop Siméon-François Berneux,Ritzler and Sefrin (1978), p. 71. who had been appointed apostolic vicar in 1854 after the death of Bishop Ferréol in 1853.Ritzler and Sefrin (1968), p. 108. He was consecrated by Bishop Berneux on 25 March 1857. After Bishop Berneux was executed during a campaign by the Korean government against

Christians Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words '' Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρ ...

, Bishop Daveluy became apostolic vicar on 8 March 1866. He was promptly arrested on 11 March. Imprisoned and tortured, he staunchly defended his Catholic faith. Sentenced to death, he asked to be executed on Good Friday 30 March. He was beheaded at a Korean naval base in Galmaemot (갈매못) near present-day Boryeong along with two French priests, Pierre Aumaître and Martin-Luc Huin, and two lay

catechists Catechesis (; from Greek language, Greek: , "instruction by word of mouth", generally "instruction") is basic Christian religious education of children and adults, often from a catechism book. It started as education of Conversion to Christian ...

, Lucas Hwang Sŏk-tu (Bishop Daveluy's personal assistant) and Joseph Chang Chu-gi. All five were canonized on 6 May 1984 along with Father Kim, Bishop Berneux and 96 other

References

Bibliography

''The Lives of the 103 Korean Martyr Saints: Bishop Marie Nicholas Antoine Daveluy (1818-1866)''
Catholic Bishops' Conference of Korea Newsletter No. 47 (Summer 2004). * Remigius Ritzler and Pirminus Sefrin (1968). ''Hierarchia catholica medii et recentioris aevi'', vol. 7. Il Messaggero di S. Antonio, Padua. . * Remigius Ritzler and Pirminus Sefrin (1978). ''Hierarchia catholica medii et recentioris aevi'', vol. 8. Il Messaggero di S. Antonio, Padua. .

Pontifical Society of the Holy Childhoodbr>Bulletin 15
(24 March 2009), p. 11. * Paul Le Gall (1966). ''Mgr Antoine Daveluy: témoin du Christ en Corée, 1818-1866''. Les Auxiliaires du clergé, Saint-Riquier. * Charles Salmon (1883). ''Vie de Mgr Daveluy: évêque d'Acônes, vicaire apostolique de Corée''. Bray et Retaux, Paris.

External links

Archives of the Paris Foreign Missions Society
{{DEFAULTSORT:Daveluy, Antoine 1818 births 1866 deaths Martyred Roman Catholic priests 19th-century French Roman Catholic priests French Roman Catholic saints Korean Roman Catholic saints Paris Foreign Missions Society missionaries Roman Catholic archbishops of Seoul 19th-century Roman Catholic martyrs 19th-century Christian saints 19th-century executions by Korea People executed by Korea by decapitation French people executed abroad Christian martyrs executed by decapitation People from Amiens Executed people from Picardy French expatriates in Korea Roman Catholic missionaries in Korea Roman Catholic bishops of Seoul

Biography

See also

References

Bibliography

External links