Mandal, Norway

Mandal is a town in Lindesnes municipality in Agder county, Norway. Mandal is the fourth largest town in Agder as well as the administrative centre of Lindesnes municipality. It is located at the mouth of the river Mandalselva at the southern end of the Mandalen valley. The town has a population (2019) of 11,053 and a population density of . In Norway, Mandal is considered a which can be translated as either a "town" or "city" in English.

The town lies along the European route E39 highway, about southwest of the town of Kristiansand and about southeast of the town of Flekkefjord. Mandal has a few suburban villages lying just outside its borders such as Ime immediately to the east and Sånum to the southwest. The village of Krossen lies about to the north, along the Mandalselva river.

History

The area in which today's town of Mandal is located was not developed during the Middle Ages. During the 1300s, a trading post called ''Vester-Risør'' grew up along the Skogsfjorden, just west of the present-day town. The town began when King Eric of Pomerania gave the town the right to trade salmon. By the 1500s, Vesterrisør was a bustling port and trading centre, making it one of the oldest in Agder. In 1632, the trading post was given ladested rights, which included special trading privileges. During the mid-1600s, the name of the town was changed to Mandal. Salmon fishing and the timber industry pushed the town's growth even more during the 1700s. In 1779, the town's ladested status was formalized in the law. Mandal Church was completed in 1821 after the old church burned down in the town's fire of 1810.

On 1 January 1838, the small ladested was granted self-governing rights under the new formannskapsdistrikt law. In 1921, Mandal was designated as a kjøpstad, giving it full town status under the law. During the 1960s, there were many municipal mergers across Norway due to the work of the Schei Committee. On 1 January 1964, the town of Mandal (population: 5,446) was merged with the neighboring municipality of Halse og Harkmark (population: 3,676) and most of the municipality of Holum (population: 1,127) to form a new, larger municipality of Mandal. Today, the town is also a tourist destination, especially due to its Sjøsanden beach.

Name

The town is named after the valley (and river) in which it is located: Mandalen. The name ''Mandal'' which comes from the Old Norse name . The first element is the genitive case of the river name (now Mandalselva) and the last element is which means "valley" or "dale".

Prior to 1653, the town was named ''Vesterrisør'' (meaning "western Risør"). The name was originally referring to the island ''Risøya'' outside the town, and the first element was added in the 16th century to distinguish it from the town of ''Østerrisør'' (meaning "eastern Risør"), which is now simply called ''Risør''.

Notable people

Media gallery

Mandal Strasse.jpg, View of part of the town center
Vestnes sett fra Buråstoppen, Mandal (2009).JPG, View of the Vestnes area of Mandal
Mandal bridge.jpg, View of the bridge in Mandal
Mandal sentrum sett fra Hobdetoppen.jpg, View of the town centre and beach area
Mandal kirke2.JPG, View of the Mandal Church

See also

*List of towns and cities in Norway

References

{{Authority control

Populated places in Agder
Cities and towns in Norway

Port cities and towns of the North Sea
Port cities and towns in Norway
1632 establishments in Norway