Makiivka ( uk, Макіївка, Makíyivka, ; russian: Макеевка, Makeyevka, ), formerly Dmytriivsk, is an industrial city in

Donetsk Oblast The Donetsk Oblast ( ukr, Донецька область, Donetska oblast, ), also referred to as Donechchyna ( ukr, Донеччина, links=no), is an oblast of eastern Ukraine. It is Ukraine's most populous province, with around 4.1 mill ...

in eastern

Ukraine Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian inva ...

. Located from the capital

Donetsk Donetsk ( , ; uk, Донецьк, translit=Donets'k ; russian: Донецк ), formerly known as Aleksandrovka, Yuzivka (or Hughesovka), Stalin and Stalino (see also: cities' alternative names), is an industrial city in eastern Ukraine loc ...

, the two cities are practically a

conurbation A conurbation is a region comprising a number of metropolises, cities, large towns, and other urban areas which through population growth and physical expansion, have merged to form one continuous urban or industrially developed area. In most cas ...

. Makiivka is a leading metallurgical and coal-mining centre of the Donets Basin, with

heavy industry Heavy industry is an industry that involves one or more characteristics such as large and heavy products; large and heavy equipment and facilities (such as heavy equipment, large machine tools, huge buildings and large-scale infrastructure); o ...

and coking plants supporting the local

steel Steel is an alloy made up of iron with added carbon to improve its strength and fracture resistance compared to other forms of iron. Many other elements may be present or added. Stainless steels that are corrosion- and oxidation-resistan ...

and

coal Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock, formed as rock strata called coal seams. Coal is mostly carbon with variable amounts of other elements, chiefly hydrogen, sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen. Coal is formed when ...

industries. While internationally recognized as part of Ukraine, the city has been under the de facto administration of the

Donetsk People's Republic The Donetsk People's Republic ( rus, Донецкая Народная Республика, Donetskaya Narodnaya Respublika, dɐˈnʲetskəjə nɐˈrodnəjə rʲɪˈspublʲɪkə; abbreviated as DPR or DNR, rus, ДНР) is a disputed en ...

since its capture by pro-Russian forces in

2014 File:2014 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Stocking up supplies and personal protective equipment (PPE) for the Western African Ebola virus epidemic; Citizens examining the ruins after the Chibok schoolgirls kidnapping; Bundles of wa ...

. It has a population of .

Subdivisions and local government

Makiivka comprises a total of 5

raion A raion (also spelt rayon) is a type of administrative unit of several post-Soviet states. The term is used for both a type of subnational entity and a division of a city. The word is from the French (meaning 'honeycomb, department'), and is c ...

s (

district A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivision ...

s): *Hirnyk ( uk, Гірницький район) — 107,835 inhabitants *Kirov ( uk, Кіровський район) — 52,768 inhabitants *Soviet ( uk, Радянський район — 53,007 inhabitants *Center-City ( uk, Центрально-Міський район) — 94,93 inhabitants *Red Guard ( uk, Червоногвардійський район) — 81,042 inhabitants The city

municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality'' may also mean the ...

of Makiivka includes also the following

urban-type settlement Urban-type settlementrussian: посёлок городско́го ти́па, translit=posyolok gorodskogo tipa, abbreviated: russian: п.г.т., translit=p.g.t.; ua, селище міського типу, translit=selyshche mis'koho typu, ab ...

s (Ukrainian spellings are followed by Russian ones in parenthesis): The mayor of the city is Oleksandr Maltsev ( uk, Мальцев Олександр Миколайович) who was born in Makiivka in 1956.

Demographics

As of the

2001 Ukrainian census The Ukrainian Census of 2001 is to date the only census of the population of independent Ukraine. It was conducted by the State Statistics Committee of Ukraine on 5 December 2001, twelve years after the last Soviet Union census in 1989.

: ;Ethnicity * Russians: 50.8% * Ukrainians: 45% * Tatars: 1.1% * Georgians: 0.3% * Greeks: 0.3%

History

For a long time Makiivka was thought to have been established in 1777, but recent research shows that it has been mentioned in historical records since approx. 1696. The first mine was opened in 1875. In 1899 metallurgical settlement was founded nearby called Dmytrievsk, named after Dmitry Ilovaisky, son of count Ilovaysky - the landlord of the region. Makiivka was only a small village when it was combined with nearby Dmytriivsk. Dmytriivsk subsequently developed as one of the largest coal-mining and industrial centres of the Donets Basin coalfield. In 1931, Dmytriivsk-Makiyivka was renamed Makiivka. During

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the World War II by country, vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great power ...

, the town was under

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) **Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Ge ...

occupation from 22 October 1941 until 6 September 1943. During the

Russo-Ukrainian War The Russo-Ukrainian War; uk, російсько-українська війна, rosiisko-ukrainska viina. has been ongoing between Russia (alongside Russian separatists in Ukraine) and Ukraine since February 2014. Following Ukraine's Rev ...

the city town hall was taken over by pro-Russian separatists on 13 April 2014. Since then, Makiivka has been controlled by the self-proclaimed

Jews in Makiivka

In 1939, the

Jewish Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The ...

population of Makiivka was 8,000. In the Operational Situation Report (USSR No. 177) of

Nazi German Nazi Germany (lit. "National Socialist State"), ' (lit. "Nazi State") for short; also ' (lit. "National Socialist Germany") (officially known as the German Reich from 1933 until 1943, and the Greater German Reich from 1943 to 1945) was ...

Chief of the Security Police dated from March 6, 1942, it is stated that as a result of the measures carried out by

Einsatzkommando During World War II, the Nazi German ' were a sub-group of the ' (mobile killing squads) – up to 3,000 men total – usually composed of 500–1,000 functionaries of the SS and Gestapo, whose mission was to exterminate Jews, Polish intellect ...

6, both the

Horlivka Horlivka ( , ; uk, Го́рлівка ), or Gorlovka (russian: link=no, Горловка ), is a city of regional significance in Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine. In 2001, the city's population was 292,000, and it was estimated as Economic activi ...

and Makiivka districts had been made "free of Jews".

Nazis Nazism ( ; german: Nazismus), the common name in English for National Socialism (german: Nationalsozialismus, ), is the far-right totalitarian political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in N ...

and Ukrainian collaborators executed a total of 493 people here, among them 80 political agitators, 44 saboteurs and looters, and 369

Jews Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The ...

. In September 2006, the first synagogue has been consecrated in Makiivka after almost 70 years. The house at 51 Lva Tolstogo street serves not only a synagogue, but also a community center for a

community of Makiivka containing 2,000 members. The chief rabbi of Makiivka is Eliyahu Kremer. Makiivka Jewish community chairman is Alexander-Mikhoel Katz.

Economy and transport

Industry

The Soviet Union 1947 CPA 1222 stamp (Kirov foundry

There are many coal mines in and around the city. Makiivka's modern industries include one of the largest integrated

iron Iron () is a chemical element with symbol Fe (from la, ferrum) and atomic number 26. It is a metal that belongs to the first transition series and group 8 of the periodic table. It is, by mass, the most common element on Earth, right in ...

and

works in

. There are also other

metalworking Metalworking is the process of shaping and reshaping metals to create useful objects, parts, assemblies, and large scale structures. As a term it covers a wide and diverse range of processes, skills, and tools for producing objects on every scale ...

and coke-chemical plants and factories for pneumatic machinery,

shoemaking Shoemaking is the process of making footwear. Originally, shoes were made one at a time by hand, often by groups of shoemakers, or cobblers (also known as '' cordwainers''). In the 18th century, dozens or even hundreds of masters, journeymen ...

, and food processing. The city is rather dispersed, with numerous residential communities surrounding individual industrial plants over an extensive area. It is gradually extending to form a single metropolitan area with the nearby city of

, which lies just a few miles to the southwest. Makiivka is home to the

Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture ( uk, Донбаська національна академія будівництва і архітектури; abbreviated ДонНАБА) is one of the largest engineering univers ...

. The largest enterprises in Makiivka are: State enterprise "Makeyevugol" - open joint-stock company "Makeyevsky Metallurgical Works" - open joint-stock company, "Yasinovsky Coke-chemical Plant", and the limited company "Makeyevcoke". There are also many machine-building enterprises within the city, with the most significant being: open joint-stock company "Granit", open joint-stock company "Stroymash", and the closed joint-stock company "Makeyevsky Mine's Automatic Machinery plant".

Makiivka metallurgical plant

The Makiivka metallurgical plant produced 1.029 million tons of

and 825,000 tons of

pig iron Pig iron, also known as crude iron, is an intermediate product of the iron industry in the production of steel which is obtained by smelting iron ore in a blast furnace. Pig iron has a high carbon content, typically 3.8–4.7%, along with ...

in 2005. It increased production of rolled steel 1.56-fold to over 700,000 tons in the January–July period of 2006, compared with the corresponding period of last year. It aims to increase its sales revenues to ₴1.265 billion in 2006. The Nucor company (

United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country Continental United States, primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 U.S. state, states, a Washington, D.C., ...

) intends to sign a contract with the Makiivka metallurgical plant on delivery of

to the company's enterprises in the

Transport

Makiivka is crossed by several railway lines: one is the ''Yasynuvata-Krynichna'' line (russian: Ясиноватая-Криничная), and the other is the ''Mospyno-Makiivka freight'' line (russian: Моспино — Макеевка грузовая). The city also contained a

tram A tram (called a streetcar or trolley in North America) is a rail vehicle that travels on tramway tracks on public urban streets; some include segments on segregated right-of-way. The tramlines or networks operated as public transport ...

line (since 1925, but there are no tram routes now since 2006) and a

trolleybus A trolleybus (also known as trolley bus, trolley coach, trackless trolley, trackless tramin the 1910s and 1920sJoyce, J.; King, J. S.; and Newman, A. G. (1986). ''British Trolleybus Systems'', pp. 9, 12. London: Ian Allan Publishing. .or trol ...

system (from 1969). Trolley buses have 4 routes: ; 2 : City center - Main railway station Makeyevka-Passazhirskaja (Makeyevka Passenger) ; 3 : City center - Bazhanova settlement ; 4 : City center - Daki ; 5 : City center - Gornostayevskaya street. There are plans to connect trolleybus networks of Donetsk and Makeyevka with direct intercity line to March 2013. The city has a main passenger station Makiyivka-Pasazhirska, a railway junction Khanzhonkovo (situated in the settlement where Aleksandr Khanzhonkov was born), and minor railway stations: Krynichna, Monakhovo, Makeevka-Gruzovaya as well as a number of railway bays.

Culture

Religion

On the territory of Makiivka there are 22 churches, 73 religious organisations, and a women's monastery. The city's inhabitants follow different religions, including: *

Ukrainian Orthodox Church - Moscow Patriarchate The Ukrainian Orthodox Church ( uk, Українська православна церква, Ukrainska pravoslavna tserkva; russian: Украинская православная церковь, Ukrainskaya pravoslavnaya tserkov', UOC), common ...

— 23

communities A community is a social unit (a group of living things) with commonality such as place, norms, religion, values, customs, or identity. Communities may share a sense of place situated in a given geographical area (e.g. a country, village, to ...

; * Ukrainian Orthodox Church - Kyiv Patriarchate — 3 communities; *

Armenian Apostolic Church , native_name_lang = hy , icon = Armenian Apostolic Church logo.svg , icon_width = 100px , icon_alt = , image = Էջմիածնի_Մայր_Տաճար.jpg , imagewidth = 250px , a ...

— 1 community; *

Roman-Catholic Church The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...

— 1 community; *

Islam Islam (; ar, ۘالِإسلَام, , ) is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centred primarily around the Quran, a religious text considered by Muslims to be the direct word of God (or '' Allah'') as it was revealed to Muhammad, the ...

— 2 communities; *

Jew Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""T ...

ish — 1 community; *

Krishna Krishna (; sa, कृष्ण ) is a major deity in Hinduism. He is worshipped as the eighth avatar of Vishnu and also as the Supreme god in his own right. He is the god of protection, compassion, tenderness, and love; and is on ...

— 1 community; *

Protestant Protestantism is a Christian denomination, branch of Christianity that follows the theological tenets of the Reformation, Protestant Reformation, a movement that began seeking to reform the Catholic Church from within in the 16th century agai ...

confessions — 41 communities.

Sport

Today, Makiivka has a total of 5 sport stadiums, 4 swimming pools, 90 sport gyms, 15

football Football is a family of team sports that involve, to varying degrees, kicking a ball to score a goal. Unqualified, the word ''football'' normally means the form of football that is the most popular where the word is used. Sports commonly ...

fields, 5 children's sport schools, and 36 fitness rooms. There is also a sport school for physically disabled people. Within the city, 35 different forms of sport are played, and there are a total of 35 sport organisations. There are also many campuses of the

oblast An oblast (; ; Cyrillic (in most languages, including Russian and Ukrainian): , Bulgarian: ) is a type of administrative division of Belarus, Bulgaria, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Ukraine, as well as the Soviet Union and the Kingdo ...

's sport schools in Makiivka, including schools for:

kickboxing Kickboxing is a combat sport focused on kicking and punching. The combat takes place in a boxing ring, normally with boxing gloves, mouthguards, shorts, and bare feet to favour the use of kicks. Kickboxing is practiced for self-defense, general ...

volleyball Volleyball is a team sport in which two teams of six players are separated by a net. Each team tries to score points by grounding a ball on the other team's court under organized rules. It has been a part of the official program of the Sum ...

, heavy athletics,

boxing Boxing (also known as "Western boxing" or "pugilism") is a combat sport in which two people, usually wearing protective gloves and other protective equipment such as hand wraps and mouthguards, throw punches at each other for a predetermined ...

, some other forms of

wrestling Wrestling is a series of combat sports involving grappling-type techniques such as clinch fighting, throws and takedowns, joint locks, pins and other grappling holds. Wrestling techniques have been incorporated into martial arts, combat s ...

, and

judo is an unarmed modern Japanese martial art, Olympic sport (since 1964), and the most prominent form of jacket wrestling competed internationally.『日本大百科全書』電子版【柔道】(CD-ROM version of Encyclopedia Nipponica, "Judo") ...

Gallery

File:Vrbgtuyu.jpg, Flowers on the main street of Makiivka File:Makeevka 075.jpg, Makiivka Institute of economy and humanitarian sciences File:Makeevka 082.jpg, City hall File:Makeevka 086.jpg,

Party of Regions The Party of Regions ( uk, Партія регіонів, Partiia rehioniv, ; russian: Партия регионов, Partiya regionov) was a pro-Russian political party in Ukraine formed in late 1997 that then grew to be the biggest party of U ...

headquarters in Makiivka File:Panoramio - V&A Dudush - 3 июня 2010.jpg, Teatralna (Theatre) street File:Vfertg.jpg, Central part of the city File:Федоренко. mnew20.jpg, Steelworkers' Palace of culture in Makiivka File:Makeevka 112.jpg, Pioneers' palace File:Hotel Orion.JPG, Hotel Mayak (Lighthouse in English)

Notable people

* Els Aarne (1917–1995) an Estonian composer and pedagogue. *

Stanislav Aseyev Stanislav Volodymyrovych Aseyev (, also Stanyslav Asieiev, Stanislav Vasin ; born October 1, 1989) is a Ukrainian writer and journalist, founder Justice Initiative Fund. His best known work is the novel ''The Melchior Elephant'' (2016). In May 201 ...

(born 1989) a Ukrainian writer and journalist. *

Volodymyr Bidyovka Vladimir Anatoliyevich Bidyovka (, ; born 7 March 1981) is a politician from the Donbas region, who currently serves as Chairman of the People's Council of the Donetsk People's Republic (DPR) since 2018. Prior to the conflict in the east Ukr ...

(born 1981) a politician from the Donetsk region * Olena Bondarenko (born 1974)

politician * Olha Buslavets (born 1975) a Ukrainian power engineer and civil servant. * Oleg Fisunenko (1930-2003) a Ukrainian geologist, worked on theoretical

stratigraphy Stratigraphy is a branch of geology concerned with the study of rock layers ( strata) and layering (stratification). It is primarily used in the study of sedimentary and layered volcanic rocks. Stratigraphy has three related subfields: lithost ...

and

paleobotany Paleobotany, which is also spelled as palaeobotany, is the branch of botany dealing with the recovery and identification of plant remains from geological contexts, and their use for the biological reconstruction of past environments (paleogeog ...

* Evgeni Gordiets (born 1952) a Soviet surrealist painter. * Mykola Kapusta (born 1938)

Ukrainian Ukrainian may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to Ukraine * Something relating to Ukrainians, an East Slavic people from Eastern Europe * Something relating to demographics of Ukraine in terms of demography and population of Ukraine * So ...

journalist and artist-designer who won 70 prizes on the international cartoon contests * Aleksandr Khanzhonkov (1877–1945) pioneer of Russian cinematograph *

Vitaliy Khomutynnik Vitaliy Yuriyovych Khomutynnik ( uk, Віта́лій Ю́рійович Хомути́ннік, born 4 August 1976) is a Ukrainian oligarch.Multiple sources: * * * He is the current head of the Renaissance Party, a pro-Russia political party. F ...

(born 1976) a Ukrainian businessman and politician *

Leonid Klimov Leonid Mykhailovych Klimov (born March 31, 1953) is a Ukrainian parliamentarian, banker, and politician. He is a member of the Party of Regions in Verkhovna Rada (from November, 2007) and a member of the Committee on National Security and Defen ...

(born 1953) a Ukrainian parliamentarian, banker, and politician. * Pavlo Kyrylenko (born 1986) a Ukrainian prosecutor and politician. * Tutta Larsen (born 1974) a

media personality Celebrity is a condition of fame and broad public recognition of a person or group as a result of the attention given to them by mass media. An individual may attain a celebrity status from having great wealth, their participation in sports ...

and TV presenter. * Oleg Minko (1938—2013) a Ukrainian painter and art teacher * Pyotr Ryabtsev (1915–1941)

Soviet The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...

biplane fighter ace, *

Denis Pushilin Denis Vladimirovich Pushilin (russian: Дени́с Влади́мирович Пуши́лин, ; uk, Денис Володимирович Пушилін, Denys Volodymyrovych Pushylin; born 9 May 1981) is a Russian and Ukrainian politician ...

(born 1981) Head of the

Ivan Vasilenko Ivan Dmitrievich Vasilenko (russian: Ива́н Дми́триевич Василе́нко, uk, Іван Дмитрович Василенко; January 20, 1895 – May 26, 1966), was a Soviet writer of children's books. Early years Ivan Dmit ...

(1895–1966) a Russian Soviet author of children's books. * Irina Yarovaya (born 1966) Russian political figure * Vladimir Zakharov (1901–1956) a Soviet and Russian composer and choir conductor. * Yana Zhdanova (born 1988) a Ukrainian feminist and social activist in Femen

Sport

* Mykola Holovko (1937–2004) a Ukrainian football player with 294 club caps * Hennadiy Orbu (born 1970) Ukrainian retired footballer with 270 club caps and 17 for

* Serhiy Popov (born 1971) football player and coach with 388 club caps and 54 for

* Serhiy Romanchuk (born 1982) a Ukrainian strongman and powerlifter. * Mariya Ryemyen (born 1987) a Ukrainian 100 metres runner and team bronze medallist at the

2012 Summer Olympics The 2012 Summer Olympics (officially the Games of the XXX Olympiad and also known as London 2012) was an international multi-sport event held from 27 July to 12 August 2012 in London, England, United Kingdom. The first event, th ...

Ravil Safiullin Ravil Safiullin ( uk, Сафіуллін Равіль Сафович; born February 4, 1955, in Makiivka) was Ukraine's Minister of Youth and Sports. Biography Ravil Safiullin was born in a Tatar family. Prior to his ministerial position, Safi ...

(born 1955) President of the Ukrainian Athletic Federation. *

Olga Savchuk Olga Mykolayivna Savchuk ( uk, Ольга Миколаївна Савчук; born 20 September 1987) is a retired tennis player from Ukraine. Savchuk grew up in the city of Makiyivka in Donetsk province. She resides in Nassau, Bahamas. Her be ...

(born 1987) retired

tennis player, lives in Nassau, Bahamas. * Yevhen Seleznyov (born 1985) football player with over 400 club caps and 58 for

Taras Shelestyuk Taras Oleksandrovych Shelestyuk ( ua, Тарас Олександрович Шелестюк; born 30 November 1985) is a Ukraine, Ukrainian professional boxer signed with Banner Promotions. He is 16–0 with 10 knockouts as a professional and is ...

(born 1985) a welterweight boxer and bronze medallist at the

* Eduard Tsykhmeystruk (born 1973) a former footballer with over 400 club caps and 7 for

* Yury Vlasov (1935–2021) a Russian heavyweight weightlifter, writer and politician; gold medallist at the

1960 It is also known as the "Year of Africa" because of major events—particularly the independence of seventeen African nations—that focused global attention on the continent and intensified feelings of Pan-Africanism. Events January * Ja ...

and silver medallist at the

1964 Summer Olympics The , officially the and commonly known as Tokyo 1964 ( ja, 東京1964), were an international multi-sport event held from 10 to 24 October 1964 in Tokyo, Japan. Tokyo had been awarded the organization of the 1940 Summer Olympics, but this h ...

; Olympic flag bearer for the Soviet Union at both.

In popular culture

* Titanium Man, (created 1965) the

Marvel Comics Marvel Comics is an American comic book publisher and the flagship property of Marvel Entertainment, a divsion of The Walt Disney Company since September 1, 2009. Evolving from Timely Comics in 1939, ''Magazine Management/Atlas Comics'' in ...

supervillain A supervillain or supercriminal is a variant of the villainous stock character that is commonly found in American comic books, usually possessing superhuman abilities. A supervillain is the antithesis of a superhero. Supervillains are of ...

Iron Man Iron Man is a superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character was co-created by writer and editor Stan Lee, developed by scripter Larry Lieber, and designed by artists Don Heck and Jack Kirby. The cha ...

universe called ''Boris Bullski''

Subdivisions and local government

Demographics

History

Jews in Makiivka

Economy and transport

Industry

Makiivka metallurgical plant

Transport

Culture

Religion

Sport

Gallery

Notable people

Sport

In popular culture

References

External links