''Magnolia iltisiana'' is a species of

plant Plants are predominantly photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plantae. Historically, the plant kingdom encompassed all living things that were not animals, and included algae and fungi; however, all current definitions of Plantae exclud ...

in the family

Magnoliaceae The Magnoliaceae () are a flowering plant family, the magnolia family, in the order Magnoliales. It consists of two genera: ''Magnolia'' and ''Liriodendron'' (tulip trees). Unlike most angiosperms, whose flower parts are in whorls (rings), the ...

. It is

endemic Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsew ...

Mexico Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...

. Common names include ahuatoso and yoloxochitl.

Description

''Magnolia iltisiana'' is a large evergreen tree. It grows up to 40 meters high. with a trunk up to 60–150 cm in diameter.

Range and habitat

''Magnolia iltisiana'' is known from a few localities in the

Sierra de Manantlán Sierra (Spanish for "mountain range" and " saw", from Latin '' serra'') may refer to the following: Places Mountains and mountain ranges * Sierra de Juárez, a mountain range in Baja California, Mexico * Sierra de las Nieves, a mountain rang ...

and Sierra de Cacoma in

Jalisco Jalisco (, , ; Nahuatl: Xalixco), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Jalisco ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Jalisco ; Nahuatl: Tlahtohcayotl Xalixco), is one of the 31 states which, along with Mexico City, comprise the 32 Federal En ...

state, and near

Morelia Morelia (; from 1545 to 1828 known as Valladolid) is a city and municipal seat of the municipality of Morelia in the north-central part of the state of Michoacán in central Mexico. The city is in the Guayangareo Valley and is the capital and larg ...

Michoacán Michoacán, formally Michoacán de Ocampo (; Purépecha: ), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Michoacán de Ocampo ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Michoacán de Ocampo), is one of the 32 states which comprise the Federal Entities of ...

, between 800 and 2,400 meters elevation. In the Manantlán and Cacoma sierras, it grows in moist to very humid montane cloud forests, mostly in ravines and on drier south-facing steep slopes exposed to wind action. It is a canopy tree, and often found in association with oaks (''Quercus'' spp.) and ''

Acer binzayedii ''Acer binzayedii'', commonly known as ''algodoncillo'', is a species of flowering plant in the genus '' Acer''. It is endemic to Jalisco State in western Mexico. It has a limited range, and is considered Critically Endangered. Description ''A ...

''. The species has an

area of occupancy Area is the quantity that expresses the extent of a region on the plane or on a curved surface. The area of a plane region or ''plane area'' refers to the area of a shape or planar lamina, while '' surface area'' refers to the area of an open s ...

(AOO) of less than 500 km².Vázquez-García, José & Muñiz-Castro, Miguel Angel & Dahua-Machoa, Alex & Osorio-Muñoz, Edson & Hernández-Vera, Gerardo & Ortega-Peña, Alondra Salome & Jacobo-Pereira, César & Romo Campos, Rosa & Roman, Noelia & Shalisko, Viacheslav. (2020). "How to Save Endangered Magnolias?" in ''Population Biology to Conservation Action: The Case of Allopatric Radiation in Western Mexico''. 10.5772/intechopen.94346.

Conservation

''Magnolia iltisiana'' has a declining population, and suffers from

habitat loss Habitat destruction (also termed habitat loss and habitat reduction) is the process by which a natural habitat becomes incapable of supporting its native species. The organisms that previously inhabited the site are displaced or dead, thereby ...

, chiefly from logging for timber and forest clearance for cattle pasture. Its conservation status is assessed as Vulnerable. The populations near Morelia in Michoacán are severely fragmented. The populations in the Cacoma and Manantlán sierras are less fragmented, and many are within the

Sierra de Manantlán Biosphere Reserve The Sierra de Manantlán Biosphere Reserve ( es, Reserva de la Biósfera Sierra de Manantlán) (established 1988) is a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve in the states of Colima and Jalisco, Mexico. The reserve is located in the transition of the Nearcti ...

protected area.

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q3927216 iltisiana Endemic flora of Mexico Vulnerable plants Flora of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt Trees of Jalisco Trees of Michoacán Taxonomy articles created by Polbot Cloud forest flora of Mexico