The M-Squared Breese is a large family of

high-wing A monoplane is a fixed-wing aircraft configuration with a single mainplane, in contrast to a biplane or other types of multiplanes, which have multiple planes. A monoplane has inherently the highest efficiency and lowest drag of any wing co ...

tricycle gear Tricycle gear is a type of aircraft undercarriage, or ''landing gear'', arranged in a tricycle fashion. The tricycle arrangement has a single nose wheel in the front, and two or more main wheels slightly aft of the center of gravity. Tricycle ...

, ultralight aircraft produced by M-Squared Aircraft of St. Elmo, Alabama in kit form, for amateur construction.Cliche, Andre: ''Ultralight Aircraft Shopper's Guide'' 8th Edition, page B-104. Cybair Limited Publishing, 2001. Purdy, Don: ''AeroCrafter - Homebuilt Aircraft Sourcebook'', page 206. BAI Communications. Downey, Julia: ''2001 Kit Aircraft Directory'', Kitplanes, Volume 17, Number 12, December 2000, page 61-62. Kitplanes Acquisition Company. ISSN 0891-1851Downey, Julia: ''2002 Kit Aircraft Directory'', Kitplanes, Volume 18, Number 12, December 2001, page 53-54. Kitplanes Acquisition Company. ISSN 0891-1851Downey, Julia: ''2005 Kit Aircraft Directory'', Kitplanes, Volume 21, Number 12, December 2004, page 70. Belvoir Publications. ISSN 0891-1851Downey, Julia: ''2008 Kit Aircraft Directory'', Kitplanes, Volume 24, Number 12, December 2007, page 61-62. Primedia Publications. ISSN 0891-1851Vandermeullen, Richard: ''2012 Kit Aircraft Buyer's Guide'', Kitplanes, Volume 28, Number 12, December 2011, page 60-61. Belvoir Publications. ISSN 0891-1851

Design and development

The M-Squared line of aircraft was started in 1996 when a former

Quicksilver Manufacturing Quicksilver Aircraft is an American manufacturer of ultralight and light aircraft A light aircraft is an aircraft that has a maximum gross takeoff weight of or less.Crane, Dale: ''Dictionary of Aeronautical Terms, third edition'', page 308 ...

employee, Paul Mather, decided to offer retrofit kits to convert the Quicksilver II from cable-braced wings to a strut-braced configuration with

jury strut In aeronautics, bracing comprises additional structural members which stiffen the functional airframe to give it rigidity and strength under load. Bracing may be applied both internally and externally, and may take the form of strut, which act in ...

s. The kits proved popular and Mather expanded to market complete aircraft based on the basic Quicksilver layout. The first two aircraft in the series were the two-seat double surface wing Sport 1000 and the two-seat single surface wing Sprint 1000. The series all share similar construction featuring a bolted

aluminium Aluminium (aluminum in American and Canadian English) is a chemical element with the symbol Al and atomic number 13. Aluminium has a density lower than those of other common metals, at approximately one third that of steel. I ...

tube structure with the flying surfaces covered in pre-sewn

Dacron Polyethylene terephthalate (or poly(ethylene terephthalate), PET, PETE, or the obsolete PETP or PET-P), is the most common thermoplastic polymer resin of the polyester family and is used in fibres for clothing, containers for liquids and foo ...

sailcloth envelopes. All models are open-cockpit, but some have optional streamlined pods available. All models use tricycle landing gear and steerable nosewheels. The Breese 2 DS and SS have been accepted by the US

Federal Aviation Administration The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is the largest transportation agency of the U.S. government and regulates all aspects of civil aviation in the country as well as over surrounding international waters. Its powers include air traffic ...

as approved special light-sport aircraft.Tacke, Willi; Marino Boric; et al: ''World Directory of Light Aviation 2015-16'', page 67. Flying Pages Europe SARL, 2015.

Variants

;Sport 1000 :Two seats in

side-by-side configuration Tandem, or in tandem, is an arrangement in which a team of machines, animals or people are lined up one behind another, all facing in the same direction. The original use of the term in English was in ''tandem harness'', which is used for two ...

, double surface sailcloth wing, based on the Quicksilver MX Sport II. The construction time from the assembly kit is reported as 75 hours. Standard engine is the

Rotax 582 The Rotax 582 is a two-stroke, two-cylinder, rotary intake valve, oil-in-fuel or oil injection pump, liquid-cooled, gear reduction-drive aircraft engine manufactured by BRP-Rotax GmbH & Co. KG. It is for use in non-certified aircraft operating ...

, with the Rotax 912 optional. The now out-of-production

Rotax 618 The Rotax 618 is a two-stroke, two-cylinder, liquid cooled, gear reduction-drive engine that was formerly manufactured by BRP-Rotax GmbH & Co. KG. It was designed for use on ultralight aircraft.Raisner, William: ''LEAF catalog'', pages 6-105. ...

was at one time an optional engine, as well. Other options include streamlined cockpit pod,

wheel pants An aircraft fairing is a structure whose primary function is to produce a smooth outline and reduce drag.Crane, Dale: ''Dictionary of Aeronautical Terms, Third Edition'', page 206. Aviation Supplies & Academics Inc, Newcastle Washington, 1997. ...

and extra fuel tankage. In production. ;Sprint 1000 :Two seats in side-by-side configuration, designed for the US experimental amateur-built category,

two-stroke powerplant, gross weight, single surface sailcloth wing. In production. ;Sprint 1000 FP :Two-seat amphibious floatplane designed for the US experimental amateur-built category,

Rotax 912ULS The Rotax 912 is a horizontally-opposed four-cylinder, naturally aspirated, four-stroke aircraft engine with a reduction gearbox. It features liquid-cooled cylinder heads and air-cooled cylinders. Originally equipped with carburetors, later ...

four-stroke powerplant, gross weight, single surface sailcloth wing, 1650 Full Lotus floats. In production. ;Breese XL :Single-seat aircraft designed for the US

FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles Ultralight aircraft in the United States are much smaller and lighter than ultralight aircraft as defined by all other countries. In the United States, ultralights are described as "ultralight vehicles" and not as aircraft. They are not req ...

category, Hirth F33 two-stroke or the Revolution Rotary 301 powerplant, gross weight, single surface sailcloth wing. In production. M-Squared Breese 2

;Breese 2 SS :Two-seat aircraft designed for the US light-sport aircraft category,

two-stroke powerplant, gross weight, single surface sailcloth wing. In production. M-Squared Breese II

;Breese 2 DS :Two-seat aircraft designed for the US light-sport aircraft category,

two-stroke powerplant, gross weight, double surface sailcloth wing. In production. ;Breese DS :Single-seat aircraft designed for the US experimental amateur-built aircraft category,

Rotax 447 The Rotax 447 is a , inline 2-cylinder, two-stroke aircraft engine, built by BRP-Rotax GmbH & Co. KG of Austria for use in ultralight aircraft.Raisner, William: ''LEAF catlog'', pages 6-105. Leading Edge Airfoils, 1995. Design and development ...

Rotax 503 The Rotax 503 is a , inline 2-cylinder, two-stroke aircraft engine, built by BRP-Rotax GmbH & Co. KG of Austria for use in ultralight aircraft.Raisner, William: ''LEAF catlog'', pages 6-105. Leading Edge Airfoils, 1995. As of 2011 the Rot ...

two-stroke powerplant, gross weight, double surface sailcloth wing. In production.Bayerl, Robby; Martin Berkemeier; et al: ''World Directory of Leisure Aviation 2011-12'', page 64. WDLA UK, Lancaster UK, 2011. ISSN 1368-485X ;Breese SS :Single-seat aircraft designed for the US experimental amateur-built aircraft category,

two-stroke powerplant, gross weight, double surface sailcloth wing. In production. ;Ultra-X :Single-seat aircraft designed for the US experimental amateur-built aircraft category, Rotax 680 two-stroke powerplant, gross weight, double surface sailcloth wing, with a symmetrical airfoil. In production. ;American Tugz :Single-seat aircraft designed for the US experimental amateur-built aircraft category, Rotax 680 two-stroke powerplant, gross weight, single surface sailcloth wing, designed for towing hang gliders aloft. In production.

Specifications (Sport 1000)

References

External links

*{{Official website, http://www.msquaredaircraft.com/ 1990s United States ultralight aircraft Light-sport aircraft