Lyssomaninae is a

subfamily In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end subfamily botanical names with "-oideae", and zoologi ...

jumping spider Jumping spiders are a group of spiders that constitute the family (biology), family Salticidae. As of 2019, this family contained over 600 described genera and over 6,000 described species, making it the largest family of spiders at 13% of all sp ...

s. It includes four genera, three from the

New World The term ''New World'' is often used to mean the majority of Earth's Western Hemisphere, specifically the Americas."America." ''The Oxford Companion to the English Language'' (). McArthur, Tom, ed., 1992. New York: Oxford University Press, p. 3 ...

Description

Members of the subfamily Lyssomaninae are mostly green or yellow, and have long legs compared to other salticids. The anterior lateral eyes form a second row behind the anterior median eyes. The male

palpal bulb The two palpal bulbs – also known as palpal organs and genital bulbs – are the copulatory organs of a male spider. They are borne on the last segment of the pedipalps (the front "limbs" of a spider), giving the spider an appearance often descr ...

has a membraneous conductor.

Taxonomy

The subfamily Lyssomaninae, as described in 1976 by

María Elena Galiano María Elena Galiano (1928 – October 30, 2000) was an Argentine arachnologist. She was one of the leading taxonomists of Neotropical jumping spiders. Galiano worked at the Bernardino Rivadavia Natural Sciences Museum in Buenos Aires. She died in ...

and in 1980 by Wanless, was agreed by both authors not to be

monophyletic In cladistics for a group of organisms, monophyly is the condition of being a clade—that is, a group of taxa composed only of a common ancestor (or more precisely an ancestral population) and all of its lineal descendants. Monophyletic gro ...

, and to consist of three groups. It was formally divided into three subfamilies, Onomastinae, Asemoneinae and Lyssomaninae ''s.s.'', by

Wayne Maddison Wayne Paul Maddison , is a professor and Canada Research Chair at the departments of zoology and botany at the University of British Columbia, and the Director of the Spencer Entomological Collection at the Beaty Biodiversity Museum. His research ...

in 2015. He included only two genera, '' Chinoscopus'' and '' Lyssomanes'', although noting that ''Lyssomanes'' might be paraphyletic. Molecular data strongly supported the

monophyly In cladistics for a group of organisms, monophyly is the condition of being a clade—that is, a group of taxa composed only of a common ancestor (or more precisely an ancestral population) and all of its lineal descendants. Monophyletic grou ...

of the group defined in this way. In 2016, Maddison described a new genus, ''

Sumakuru ''Sumakuru'' is a genus of jumping spiders in the subfamily Lyssomaninae. It was first described in 2016 by Wayne Maddison. Both males and females are very small compared with other species in Lyssomaninae Lyssomaninae is a subfamily of jumpi ...

'', which he placed in Lyssomaninae. Maddison originally kept the genus '' Hindumanes'' in the subfamily Asemoneinae, where it had been placed previously; it had not been included in

molecular phylogenetic Molecular phylogenetics () is the branch of phylogeny that analyzes genetic, hereditary molecular differences, predominantly in DNA sequences, to gain information on an organism's evolutionary relationships. From these analyses, it is possible to ...

studies. In 2017, ''Hindumanes'', whose

type species In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen ...

was originally placed in ''Lyssomanes'', was moved to Lyssomaninae, on the basis of the similarity of the male

Genera

, four genera have been placed in the subfamily Lyssomaninae: * '' Chinoscopus'' Simon, 1901 — South America * '' Hindumanes'' Logunov, 2004 — India * '' Lyssomanes'' Hentz, 1845 — Florida to South America * ''

'' Maddison, 2016 — Colombia, Ecuador

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q101166 Salticidae Spider subfamilies