Lutatia (gens)
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The gens Lutatia, occasionally written Luctatia, was a
plebeian In ancient Rome, the plebeians (also called plebs) were the general body of free Roman citizens who were not patricians, as determined by the census, or in other words " commoners". Both classes were hereditary. Etymology The precise origins of ...
family of ancient Rome. The first of the
gens In ancient Rome, a gens ( or , ; plural: ''gentes'' ) was a family consisting of individuals who shared the same Roman naming conventions#Nomen, nomen and who claimed descent from a common ancestor. A branch of a gens was called a ''stirps'' (p ...
to obtain the consulship was Gaius Lutatius Catulus in 242 BC, the final year of the
First Punic War The First Punic War (264–241 BC) was the first of three wars fought between Rome and Carthage, the two main powers of the western Mediterranean in the early 3rd century BC. For 23 years, in the longest continuous conflict and grea ...
.
Orosius Paulus Orosius (; born 375/385 – 420 AD), less often Paul Orosius in English, was a Roman priest, historian and theologian, and a student of Augustine of Hippo. It is possible that he was born in '' Bracara Augusta'' (now Braga, Portugal), t ...
mentions their burial place, the , which lay beyond the Tiber.


Praenomina

The chief praenomina used by the Lutatii of the Republic were ''
Gaius Gaius, sometimes spelled ''Gajus'', Kaius, Cajus, Caius, was a common Latin praenomen; see Gaius (praenomen). People *Gaius (jurist) (), Roman jurist *Gaius Acilius *Gaius Antonius *Gaius Antonius Hybrida *Gaius Asinius Gallus *Gaius Asinius Pol ...
'' and ''
Quintus Quintus is a male given name derived from '' Quintus'', a common Latin forename (''praenomen'') found in the culture of ancient Rome. Quintus derives from Latin word ''quintus'', meaning "fifth". Quintus is an English masculine given name and ...
'', from which they rarely deviated; but there are also instances of '' Gnaeus'' and ''
Marcus Marcus, Markus, Márkus or Mărcuș may refer to: * Marcus (name), a masculine given name * Marcus (praenomen), a Roman personal name Places * Marcus, a main belt asteroid, also known as (369088) Marcus 2008 GG44 * Mărcuş, a village in Dobârl ...
'', which were probably given to younger children.


Branches and cognomina

The surnames of the Lutatii under the
Republic A republic () is a "state in which power rests with the people or their representatives; specifically a state without a monarchy" and also a "government, or system of government, of such a state." Previously, especially in the 17th and 18th c ...
were ''Catulus, Cerco'', and ''Pinthia'', of which only the second is found on Roman coins. * ''Catulus'', borne by the most famous family of the Lutatii, is probably derived from the same root as , which originally described someone shrewd, wise, or cautious (). An alternative explanation would translate the surname as "puppy, whelp" or "cub". * ''Cerco'', borne by some of the Catuli, refers to a tail.


Members


Catuli et Cercones

* Gaius Lutatius, grandfather of the consuls of 242 and 241 BC. * Gaius Lutatius C. f., father of the consuls. * Gaius Lutatius C. f. C. n. Catulus, consul in 242 BC, he had command of the Roman fleet at the Battle of the Aegates, and defeated the
Carthaginian The term Carthaginian ( la, Carthaginiensis ) usually refers to a citizen of Ancient Carthage. It can also refer to: * Carthaginian (ship), a three-masted schooner built in 1921 * Insurgent privateers; nineteenth-century South American privateers, ...
fleet under Hanno II the Great, after which Carthage agreed to negotiate an end to the war. Fasti Capitolini. * Quintus Lutatius C. f. C. n. Cerco, consul in 241 BC, helped negotiate the terms of the treaty with Carthage. Soon afterward, there was a revolt at Falerii; Lutatius and his colleague defeated them and triumphed. He was censor in 236, but died during his year of office. * Gaius Lutatius C. f. C. n. Catulus, consul in 220 BC. * Quintus Lutatius Catulus or Cerco, '' triumvir monetalis'' between 206 and 200 BC. * Gnaeus Lutatius Cerco, one of the ambassadors sent to Alexandria in 173 BC. * Gnaeus Lutatius Cn. f. (Cerco), a senator BC. * Quintus Lutatius Cerco, a quaestor in 109 or 108 BC. He minted coins celebrating the Battle of the Aegates during his magistracy. * Quintus Lutatius Q. f. Catulus, an orator, poet, and writer of prose. He was consul in 102 BC, with Gaius Marius as his colleague. They fought against the Cimbri and
Teutones The Teutons ( la, Teutones, , grc, Τεύτονες) were an ancient northern European tribe mentioned by Roman authors. The Teutons are best known for their participation, together with the Cimbri and other groups, in the Cimbrian War with th ...
. Later, during the civil war between Marius and
Sulla Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix (; 138–78 BC), commonly known as Sulla, was a Roman general and statesman. He won the first large-scale civil war in Roman history and became the first man of the Republic to seize power through force. Sulla had ...
, Catulus took his own life rather than face the partisans of his former colleague. His wife was Servilia. * Quintus Lutatius Q. f. Q. n. Catulus Capitolinus, consul in 78 BC, and censor in 65. A prominent senator, Catulus supported Sulla during the civil wars. He married a sister of Quintus Hortensius, the orator, who in turn married a sister of Lutatius. * Lutatia Q. f. Q. n., the wife of the orator Hortensius. Her daughter, Hortensia, inherited her father's rhetorical skills.


Others

* Marcus Lutatius Pinthia, an
eques Eques, ''horseman'' or ''rider'' in Latin, may refer to: * Equites, a member of the Roman Equestrian order * the Latin word for a knight A knight is a person granted an honorary title of knighthood by a head of state (including the Pope) or ...
who lived in the middle part of the second century BC. * Lutatius, the author of a history titled ''Communis Historia'', sometimes attributed to Gaius Lutatius Catulus, but probably by another Lutatius, since Cicero does not mention it among Catulus' works. * Lutatius Daphnis, a grammarian, originally purchased as a slave by Quintus Lutatius Catulus, but afterward manumitted. * Quintus Lutatius Diodorus, became a
Roman citizen Citizenship in ancient Rome (Latin: ''civitas'') was a privileged political and legal status afforded to free individuals with respect to laws, property, and governance. Citizenship in Ancient Rome was complex and based upon many different laws, t ...
under Sulla, at the behest of Quintus Lutatius Catulus. He settled at
Lilybaeum Marsala (, local ; la, Lilybaeum) is an Italian town located in the Province of Trapani in the westernmost part of Sicily. Marsala is the most populated town in its province and the fifth in Sicily. The town is famous for the docking of Giuse ...
, where he was victimized by Verres.Cicero, ''In Verrem'', iv. 17. * Lutatius, a scholiast on Statius.


See also

* List of Roman gentes


References


Bibliography

*
Polybius Polybius (; grc-gre, Πολύβιος, ; ) was a Greek historian of the Hellenistic period. He is noted for his work , which covered the period of 264–146 BC and the Punic Wars in detail. Polybius is important for his analysis of the mixed ...
, '' Historiae'' (The Histories). * Gaius Sallustius Crispus ( Sallust), ''Bellum Catilinae'' (The Conspiracy of Catiline). * Marcus Tullius Cicero, ''
In Catilinam The Catilinarian Orations (; also simply the ''Catilinarians'') are a set of speeches to the Roman Senate given in 63 BC by Marcus Tullius Cicero, one of the year's consuls, accusing a senator, Lucius Sergius Catilina (Catiline), of leading a p ...
, Pro Gaio Rabirio Perduellionis Reo, Epistulae ad Atticum, Pro Balbo, In Verrem, Pro Sestio,
Pro Lege Manilia ''De Imperio Cn. Pompei'' ("On the ''Imperium'' of Gnaeus Pompeius"), also known as ''Pro Lege Manilia'' ("In Favour of the Manilian Law"), was a speech delivered by Cicero in 66 BC before the Roman popular assembly. It was in support of the prop ...
, Pro Plancio,
De Officiis ''De Officiis'' (''On Duties'' or ''On Obligations'') is a political and ethical treatise by the Roman orator, philosopher, and statesman Marcus Tullius Cicero written in 44 BC. The treatise is divided into three books, in which Cicero expounds h ...
''. * Titus Livius ( Livy), ''
Ab Urbe Condita ''Ab urbe condita'' ( 'from the founding of the City'), or ''anno urbis conditae'' (; 'in the year since the city's founding'), abbreviated as AUC or AVC, expresses a date in years since 753 BC, the traditional founding of Rome. It is an exp ...
'' (History of Rome). * Marcus Velleius Paterculus, ''Compendium of Roman History''. * Valerius Maximus, ''
Factorum ac Dictorum Memorabilium ''Factorum ac dictorum memorabilium libri IX'' ("nine books of memorable deeds and sayings", also known as ''De factis dictisque memorabilibus'' or ''Facta et dicta memorabilia'') by Valerius Maximus (c. 20 BC – c. AD 50) was written arou ...
'' (Memorable Facts and Sayings). * Lucius Annaeus Seneca ( Seneca the Younger), '' Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium'' (Moral Letters to Lucilius). * Gaius Plinius Secundus ( Pliny the Elder), '' Naturalis Historia'' (Natural History). * Marcus Fabius Quintilianus (
Quintilian Marcus Fabius Quintilianus (; 35 – 100 AD) was a Roman educator and rhetorician from Hispania, widely referred to in medieval schools of rhetoric and in Renaissance writing. In English translation, he is usually referred to as Quintilia ...
), ''
Institutio Oratoria ''Institutio Oratoria'' (English: Institutes of Oratory) is a twelve-volume textbook on the theory and practice of rhetoric by Roman rhetorician Quintilian. It was published around year 95 AD. The work deals also with the foundational education ...
'' (Institutes of Oratory). * Marcus Valerius Probus, ''In Vergilii Bucolica et Georgica Commentarius'' (Commentary on Vergil's ''Bucolics'' and ''Georgics''). * Publius Cornelius Tacitus, '' Historiae''. *
Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus (), commonly referred to as Suetonius ( ; c. AD 69 – after AD 122), was a Roman historian who wrote during the early Imperial era of the Roman Empire. His most important surviving work is a set of biographies ...
, ''
De Vita Caesarum ''De vita Caesarum'' (Latin; "About the Life of the Caesars"), commonly known as ''The Twelve Caesars'', is a set of twelve biographies of Julius Caesar and the first 11 emperors of the Roman Empire written by Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus. The g ...
'' (Lives of the Caesars, or The Twelve Caesars). *
Lucius Annaeus Florus Three main sets of works are attributed to Florus (a Roman cognomen): ''Virgilius orator an poeta'', an Epitome of Roman History and a collection of 14 short poems (66 lines in all). As to whether these were composed by the same person, or set of ...
, ''Epitome de T. Livio Bellorum Omnium Annorum DCC'' (Epitome of Livy: All the Wars of Seven Hundred Years). * Appianus Alexandrinus ( Appian), ''Bellum Civile'' (The Civil War). * Plutarchus, '' Lives of the Noble Greeks and Romans''. *
Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus (), commonly referred to as Suetonius ( ; c. AD 69 – after AD 122), was a Roman historian who wrote during the early Imperial era of the Roman Empire. His most important surviving work is a set of biographies ...
, ''De Illustribus Grammaticis'' (The Illustrious Grammarians). * Lucius Cassius Dio Cocceianus ( Cassius Dio), ''Roman History''. * Paulus Orosius, ''Historiarum Adversum Paganos'' (History Against the Pagans). * Eutropius, ''Breviarium Historiae Romanae'' (Abridgement of the History of Rome). * Maurus Servius Honoratus, ''Ad Virgilii Aeneidem Commentarii'' (Commentary on Vergil's Aeneid). *
Joannes Zonaras Joannes or John Zonaras ( grc-gre, Ἰωάννης Ζωναρᾶς ; 1070 – 1140) was a Byzantine Greek historian, chronicler and theologian who lived in Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul, Turkey). Under Emperor Alexios I Komnenos he held th ...
, ''Epitome Historiarum'' (Epitome of History). * Joseph Hilarius Eckhel, ''Doctrina Numorum Veterum'' (The Study of Ancient Coins, 1792–1798). * August Wilhelm Ferdinand Krause, ''Vitae et Fragmenta Veterum Historicorum Romanorum'' (Lives and Fragments of Ancient Roman Historians), Ferdinand Dümmler, Berlin (1833). * Johann Caspar von Orelli, ''Onomasticon Tullianum'', Orell Füssli, Zürich (1826–1838). * '' Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', William Smith, ed., Little, Brown and Company, Boston (1849). * Wilhelm Dittenberger, ''Sylloge Inscriptionum Graecarum'' (Collection of Greek Inscriptions, abbreviated ''SIG''), Leipzig (1883). * George Davis Chase, "The Origin of Roman Praenomina", in ''Harvard Studies in Classical Philology'', vol. VIII (1897). * T. Robert S. Broughton, ''The Magistrates of the Roman Republic'', American Philological Association (1952–1986). * Michael Crawford, ''Roman Republican Coinage'', Cambridge University Press (1974, 2001). * Erich S. Gruen, ''The Last Generation of the Roman Republic'', University of California Press (1995). {{refend Roman gentes