Lummelunda (sometimes referred to as Lummelunda and Etebols) is a populated area, a

socken Socken is the name used for a part of a county in Sweden. In Denmark similar areas are known as ''sogn'', in Norway ''sokn'' or ''sogn'' and in Finland ''pitäjä'' ''(socken)''. A socken is a country-side area that was formed around a church, ...

(not to be confused with

parish A parish is a territorial entity in many Christian denominations, constituting a division within a diocese. A parish is under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of a priest, often termed a parish priest, who might be assisted by one or ...

), on the Swedish island of

Gotland Gotland (, ; ''Gutland'' in Gutnish), also historically spelled Gottland or Gothland (), is Sweden's largest island. It is also a province, county, municipality, and diocese. The province includes the islands of Fårö and Gotska Sandön to ...

. It comprises the same area as the administrative Lummelunda District, established on 1January 2016. Lummelunda is most noted for the Lummelunda Cave, one of the longest caves in Sweden, and the mill with the largest

water wheel A water wheel is a machine for converting the energy of flowing or falling water into useful forms of power, often in a watermill. A water wheel consists of a wheel (usually constructed from wood or metal), with a number of blades or buckets ...

in northern Europe.

Geography

Lummelunda is on the northwest coast of Gotland with the Lummelunda stream to the south, approximately north of Visby. The land is mainly plains with high and steep, forested cliffs to the north. Lummeluda is a farming district. On the Lummelunda coast next to the local

hostel A hostel is a form of low-cost, short-term shared sociable lodging where guests can rent a bed, usually a bunk bed in a dormitory, with shared use of a lounge and sometimes a kitchen. Rooms can be mixed or single-sex and have private or share ...

is Nyhamn harbor and

fishing village A fishing village is a village, usually located near a fishing ground, with an economy based on catching fish and harvesting seafood. The continents and islands around the world have coastlines totalling around 356,000 kilometres (221,000 ...

, dating back to the 17th centurtry. One of Sweden's longest caves, the Lummelunda Cave, is situated at Lummelunda. The cave is part of a

nature reserve A nature reserve (also known as a wildlife refuge, wildlife sanctuary, biosphere reserve or bioreserve, natural or nature preserve, or nature conservation area) is a protected area of importance for flora, fauna, or features of geological o ...

with the same name as the cave, ''Lummelundagrottan''. The reserve, established in 1989, is and includes the cave and the ground above it. The Lummelunda Church is

medieval In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries, similar to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire a ...

. , Lummelunda Church belongs to Stenkyrka

in Norra Gotlands

pastorat The Church of Sweden ( sv, Svenska kyrkan) is an Evangelical Lutheran national church in Sweden. A former state church, headquartered in Uppsala, with around 5.6 million members at year end 2021, it is the largest Christian denomination in Swede ...

, along with the churches in

Stenkyrka Stenkyrka is a populated area, a socken (not to be confused with parish), on the Swedish island of Gotland. It comprises the same area as the administrative Stenkyrka District, established on 1January 2016. Geography Stenkyrka in the northw ...

, Martebo and Tingstäde. One of the

asteroid An asteroid is a minor planet of the inner Solar System. Sizes and shapes of asteroids vary significantly, ranging from 1-meter rocks to a dwarf planet almost 1000 km in diameter; they are rocky, metallic or icy bodies with no atmosphere. ...

s in the

asteroid belt The asteroid belt is a torus-shaped region in the Solar System, located roughly between the orbits of the planets Jupiter and Mars. It contains a great many solid, irregularly shaped bodies, of many sizes, but much smaller than planets, c ...

, 10132 Lummelunda, is named after this settlement.

History

The name is probably from the vicarage, in 1350 known as ''Lomalunda''. The meaning of the first part of the name is unknown, the second part ''lund'' means "grove", can have been intended for a sacred grove. A couple of graves from the

Stone Age The Stone Age was a broad prehistoric period during which stone was widely used to make tools with an edge, a point, or a percussion surface. The period lasted for roughly 3.4 million years, and ended between 4,000 BC and 2,000 BC, with ...

has been found at Lummelunda, as well as fifteen grave fields from the

Iron Age The Iron Age is the final epoch of the three-age division of the prehistory and protohistory of humanity. It was preceded by the Stone Age ( Paleolithic, Mesolithic, Neolithic) and the Bronze Age ( Chalcolithic). The concept has been mostly ...

and ground grooves on both boulders and slabs. During the use of the Swedish

allotment system The allotment system ( sv, indelningsverket; fi, ruotujakolaitos) was a system used in Sweden for keeping a trained army at all times. This system came into use in around 1640, and was replaced by the modern Swedish Armed Forces conscription s ...

, the

boatswain A boatswain ( , ), bo's'n, bos'n, or bosun, also known as a deck boss, or a qualified member of the deck department, is the most senior rate of the deck department and is responsible for the components of a ship's hull. The boatswain supervis ...

s of Lummelunda were part of the 1st Gotlandic Boatswain Company.

Mills

The water in the Lummelunda stream has been used for industry since the

Middle Ages In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries, similar to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire ...

. Three mills are named, the Topmost (''Översta kvarn''), the Middle (''Mellersta kvarn'') and the Lowest (''Nedersta kvarn''). The

s were used for grinding grains, saw mills and textile mills for manufacturing wadmal. The height of the industry at Lummelunda was during the 17th century, when

ironworks An ironworks or iron works is an industrial plant where iron is smelted and where heavy iron and steel products are made. The term is both singular and plural, i.e. the singular of ''ironworks'' is ''ironworks''. Ironworks succeeded bloomer ...

at the stream processed iron ore shipped from Utö in the Stockholm archipelago. , only the Topmost Mill remains. It has the largest water wheel in northern Europe. The adjacent Lummelund Manor was built in the 1805.

References

External links

Objects from Lummelunda at the Digital Museum
by Nordic Museum {{Authority control Populated places in Gotland County