Lufeng, alternately

romanized Romanization or romanisation, in linguistics, is the conversion of text from a different writing system to the Roman (Latin) script, or a system for doing so. Methods of romanization include transliteration, for representing written text, and ...

as Lukfung, is a

county-level city A county-level municipality (), county-level city or county city, formerly known as prefecture-controlled city (1949–1970: ; 1970–1983: ), is a county-level administrative division of the People's Republic of China. County-level ...

in the southeast of

Guangdong Guangdong (, ), alternatively romanized as Canton or Kwangtung, is a coastal province in South China on the north shore of the South China Sea. The capital of the province is Guangzhou. With a population of 126.01 million (as of 2020 ...

province, administered as a part of the

prefecture-level city A prefecture-level city () or prefectural city is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China (PRC), ranking below a province and above a county in China's administrative structure. During the Republican era, many of Chi ...

of Shanwei. It lies on the mainland on coast of the

South China Sea The South China Sea is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean. It is bounded in the north by the shores of South China (hence the name), in the west by the Indochinese Peninsula, in the east by the islands of Taiwan and northwestern Ph ...

east of

Hong Kong Hong Kong ( (US) or (UK); , ), officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (abbr. Hong Kong SAR or HKSAR), is a List of cities in China, city and Special administrative regions of China, special ...

History

Under the

Qing The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing,, was a Manchu-led imperial dynasty of China and the last orthodox dynasty in Chinese history. It emerged from the Later Jin dynasty founded by the Jianzhou Jurchens, a Tungusic-speak ...

, the area was known as . Together with neighboring Haifeng and the now separated

Luhe county Luhe County () is a county of eastern Guangdong province, China. It is under the administration of Shanwei City. The majority of Luhe residents come from Hakka ancestry and speak a local dialect rooted in the Hakka language. Local Cuisine Lu ...

now carved out from Lufeng, it formed the short-lived

Hailufeng Soviet The Hailufeng Soviet ( zh, 海陆丰苏维埃, ''i.e.'' Hai engLufeng Soviet) was the first Chinese Soviet territory, established in November 1927, by Peng Pai with Ye Ting's remnant troops from the Nanchang Uprising. After the Little Long Marc ...

in 1927. It was later promoted to

status. The area rose to prominence in the early 21st century as a scene of unrest. Jieshi saw serious inter-village violence over road use in October 2009 and March 2010 and, in September 2011, a series of protests or riots occurred in Wukan Village over allegations of

Communist Party A communist party is a political party that seeks to realize the socio-economic goals of communism. The term ''communist party'' was popularized by the title of '' The Manifesto of the Communist Party'' (1848) by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engel ...

members unfairly selling farmers' land for development. Fresh protests broke out in December, when one of the village leaders died in the

police custody An arrest is the act of apprehending and taking a person into custody (legal protection or control), usually because the person has been suspected of or observed committing a crime. After being taken into custody, the person can be questi ...

. The police blocked the roads leading to the village.

Administration

As of 2005 year's end, the city comprises three urban subdistricts and 17

towns A town is a human settlement. Towns are generally larger than villages and smaller than cities, though the criteria to distinguish between them vary considerably in different parts of the world. Origin and use The word "town" shares an or ...

. These are organised into 47 neighbourhood committees and 280

village committees A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet but smaller than a town (although the word is often used to describe both hamlets and smaller towns), with a population typically ranging from a few hundred t ...

. The city's executive, legislature and

judiciary The judiciary (also known as the judicial system, judicature, judicial branch, judiciative branch, and court or judiciary system) is the system of courts that adjudicates legal disputes/disagreements and interprets, defends, and applies the law ...

are located in the

Donghai Subdistrict Donghai (East Sea) may refer to: China *East China Sea, also known as Donghai from its Chinese name (东海), a marginal sea east of China **East Sea (Chinese literature), one of the Four Seas, a literary name for the boundaries of China *Donghai C ...

(), together with the CPC subbranch and PSB suboffice. Wukan Village, site of the

Wukan protests The Wukan protests (), also known as the Siege of Wukan, was an anti-corruption protest that began in September 2011, and escalated in December 2011 with the expulsion of officials by villagers, the siege of the town by police, and subsequent d� ...

, is also located in the Donghai subdistrict.

Urban subdistricts

* Donghai () * Chengdong () * Hexi ()

Towns

* Jieshi (碣石) *Qiaochong () *Bomei () *Jiazi (Kapchi; Chiatzu) () *Jiadong () * Jiaxi () *Hudong () *Beiyang () *Nantang () *Bawan () *Tanxi () *Da'an () *Jinxiang () *Neihu () *Xinan () *Shangying () *Hedong ()

Demography

Lufeng has a population of 1.7 million,"Beijing: zero tolerance against illegal land-grabs
Asia News. 26 September 2011. the most of them are Han Chinese. More specifically, a considerable percentage of the population belong to the Minnan sub group; the rest are

Teochews The Teochew people or Chaoshan people (rendered Têo-Swa in romanized Teoswa and Chaoshan in Standard Chinese also known as Teo-Swa in mainland China due to a change in place names) is anyone native to the historical Chaoshan region in south ...

Hakka The Hakka (), sometimes also referred to as Hakka Han, or Hakka Chinese, or Hakkas are a Han Chinese subgroup whose ancestral homes are chiefly in the Hakka-speaking provincial areas of Guangdong, Fujian, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Sichuan, Hunan, Zhej ...

and Ming Dynasty Jianghuai military speakers. Therefore, dialects of both

Min Nan Southern Min (), Minnan ( Mandarin pronunciation: ) or Banlam (), is a group of linguistically similar and historically related Sinitic languages that form a branch of Min Chinese spoken in Fujian (especially the Minnan region), most of Taiwan ...

, Teochew and

are spoken, in addition to Mandarin, which is used in official and public life. The Hailufeng dialect, however, only refers to the Hokkien variant.

Climate

Transportation

Lufeng railway station on the

Xiamen–Shenzhen railway The Xiamen–Shenzhen railway, also known as the Xiashen railway, () is a dual-track, electrified, high-speed rail line connecting the major coastal cities of Xiamen in Fujian and Shenzhen in Guangdong. The line has a total length of and form ...

serves the city, though it is located some distance outside the city. Lufeng East and Lufeng South, both on the Shantou–Shanwei high-speed railway, will serve the city in the future.

Notable people

* Wen Yuan-ning, also known as Oon Guan-neng, Chinese professor, writer, and diplomat. *

Wong Yuk-man Raymond Wong Yuk-man (; born 1 October 1951) is a Hong Kong communist, pro-china, author, current affairs commentator and radio host. He is a former member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong (LegCo), representing the geographical constitue ...

, Hong Kong politician *

Charles Heung Charles Heung Wah-keung ( zh, c=向華強) is a Hong Kong actor-turned-film producer and presenter. As founder of Win's Entertainment in the 1980s and China Star Entertainment Group in the 1990s, he has helped established the careers of vario ...

, actor-turned-film producer and presenter * Ada Zhuang, C-pop artist

Notes

References

Citations

Bibliography

* , reprinted 2000. {{authority control County-level cities in Guangdong Shanwei