''Sparganothis pilleriana'', also known as the vine leafroller tortrix, is a

moth Moths are a paraphyletic group of insects that includes all members of the order Lepidoptera that are not butterflies, with moths making up the vast majority of the order. There are thought to be approximately 160,000 species of moth, many of w ...

of the family Tortricidae found in the

Palearctic realm The Palearctic or Palaearctic is the largest of the eight biogeographic realms of the Earth. It stretches across all of Eurasia north of the foothills of the Himalayas, and North Africa. The realm consists of several bioregions: the Euro-Sibe ...

. It was first described by the Austrian

lepidopterists Lepidopterology ()) is a branch of entomology concerning the scientific study of moths and the three superfamilies of butterflies. Someone who studies in this field is a lepidopterist or, archaically, an aurelian. Origins Post-Renaissance, the ...

Michael Denis Johann Nepomuk Cosmas Michael Denis, also: ''Sined the Bard'', (27 September 1729 – 29 September 1800) was an Austrian Catholic priest and Jesuit, who is best known as a poet, bibliographer, and lepidopterist. Life Denis was born at Schärding ...

and

Ignaz Schiffermüller Ignaz Schiffermüller (born 2 October 1727 in Hellmonsödt; died 21 June 1806 in Linz) was an Austrian naturalist mainly interested in Lepidoptera. Schiffermüller was a teacher at the Theresianum College in Vienna. His collection was presented ...

in 1775.

Description

The

wingspan The wingspan (or just span) of a bird or an airplane is the distance from one wingtip to the other wingtip. For example, the Boeing 777–200 has a wingspan of , and a wandering albatross (''Diomedea exulans'') caught in 1965 had a wingspan of ...

of female is 17–22 mm. and the male 15–20 mm. The long labial palps help distinguish this species from other tortrix moths. The moth flies in one generation from July to August.

Life cycle

Eggs are laid on the foodplant in batches of forty to sixty in July and August. Initially emerald-green, they change to greenish-yellow and later yellow. The eggs hatch in September and the larvae overwinter and continue to feed until May and June. They have a black head and prothoracic plate, with a pale green to greyish green body and a narrow darker green dorsal line. Feeding is within folded and spun leaves of various herbaceous plants and pupation occurs inside the rolled leaves.

Foodplants

''Sparganothis pilleriana'' larvae are

polyphagous Feeding is the process by which organisms, typically animals, obtain food. Terminology often uses either the suffixes -vore, -vory, or -vorous from Latin ''vorare'', meaning "to devour", or -phage, -phagy, or -phagous from Greek φαγε ...

and recorded foodplants include field wormwood (''

Artemisia campestris ''Artemisia campestris'' is a common and widespread species of plants in the sunflower family, Asteraceae. It is native to a wide region of Eurasia and North America. Common names include field wormwood, beach wormwood, northern wormwood, Breckl ...

''), knapweeds ('' Centaurea'' species), '' Clematis'' species, burning bush ('' Dictamnus albus''), dyer's greenweed (''

Genista tinctoria ''Genista tinctoria'', the dyer's greenweed or dyer's broom, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae. Its other common names include dyer's whin, waxen woad and waxen wood. The Latin specific epithet ''tinctoria'' means "used as a ...

''), hop ('' Humulus''), ''Iris'' species, common sea-lavender ('' Limonium vulgare''), honeysuckle ('' Lonicera'' species), '' Lysimachia'' species, apple (''

Malus ''Malus'' ( or ) is a genus of about 30–55 species of small deciduous trees or shrubs in the family Rosaceae, including the domesticated orchard apple, crab apples, wild apples, and rainberries. The genus is native to the temperate zone of th ...

'' species), marjoram ('' Origanum'' species), bog asphodel (''

Narthecium ossifragum ''Narthecium ossifragum'', commonly known as bog asphodel, Lancashire asphodel or bastard asphodel, is a species of flowering plant in the family Nartheciaceae. It is native to Western Europe, found on wet, boggy moorlands up to about in eleva ...

''), Turkish pine (''

Pinus brutia ''Pinus brutia'', commonly known as the Turkish pine, is a species of pine native to the eastern Mediterranean region. The bulk of its range is in Turkey. Turkish pine is also known by several other common names: Calabrian pine (from a naturalis ...

''), stone pine ('' Pinus pinea''), plantain ('' Plantago'' species), Solomon's seal ('' Polygonatum'' species), pear (''

Pyrus Pears are fruits produced and consumed around the world, growing on a tree and harvested in the Northern Hemisphere in late summer into October. The pear tree and shrub are a species of genus ''Pyrus'' , in the family Rosaceae, bearing the po ...

'' species), burnet rose ('' Rosa spinosissima''), bramble (''

Rubus ''Rubus'' is a large and diverse genus of flowering plants in the rose family, Rosaceae, subfamily Rosoideae, with over 1,350 species. Raspberries, blackberries, and dewberries are common, widely distributed members of the genus. Most of these ...

'' species), sage (''

Salvia officinalis ''Salvia officinalis'', the common sage or just sage, is a perennial, evergreen subshrub, with woody stems, grayish leaves, and blue to purplish flowers. It is a member of the mint family Lamiaceae and native to the Mediterranean region, thoug ...

''), stonecrop ('' Sedum'' species), woundworts ('' Stachys'' species), ''

Tanacetum corymbosum ''Tanacetum corymbosum'' is a species of flowering plant belonging to the family Asteraceae. Its native range is Europe to Western Siberia Western Siberia or West Siberia (russian: Западная Сибирь, Zapadnaya Sibir'; kk, Бат ...

'', woodsage (''

Teucrium scorodonia ''Teucrium scorodonia'', common name the woodland germander or wood sage, is a species of flowering plant in the genus ''Teucrium'' of the family Lamiaceae. It is native to Western Europe and Tunisia, but cultivated in many places as an ornamenta ...

''), white swallow-wort (''

Vincetoxicum hirundinaria ''Vincetoxicum hirundinaria'', commonly named white swallow-wort, is a long-lived herbaceous perennial of the genus ''Vincetoxicum'' in the family Apocynaceae. Etymology The generic name ''Vincetoxicum'', in Latin meaning ‘conqueror of poison� ...

'') and common grape vine (''

Vitis vinifera ''Vitis vinifera'', the common grape vine, is a species of flowering plant, native to the Mediterranean region, Central Europe, and southwestern Asia, from Morocco and Portugal north to southern Germany and east to northern Iran. There are curre ...

'').

As a pest

The larvae can cause occasional and serious damage to grapevines. Chemical control is inefficient because the larva feed within a folded and spun leaf. Research in France has found that using a sex pheromone to disrupt mating was successful in reducing larvae numbers and was more

environmentally friendly Environment friendly processes, or environmental-friendly processes (also referred to as eco-friendly, nature-friendly, and green), are sustainability and marketing terms referring to goods and services, laws, guidelines and policies that clai ...

References

External links

tortricidae.com

waarneming.nl

''Sparganothis pilleriana'' at Eurasian Tortricidae
{{Taxonbar, from=Q1259351 pilleriana Moths described in 1775 Moths of Asia Moths of North America Palearctic Lepidoptera Tortricidae of Europe Taxa named by Michael Denis Taxa named by Ignaz Schiffermüller