Lockwood, Greene & Company was an American engineering firm. It was active under various names from 1871 to 2017.

History

Lockwood, Greene & Company

The firm that would become Lockwood, Greene & Company was established in 1871 in Boston as the mechanical engineering practice of Amos D. Lockwood. Lockwood, a native of Rhode Island, was self-trained in mechanical engineering and had extensive experience managing textile manufacturing and construction operations. Extenuating circumstances obligated him to move his residence to Providence in 1873 to manage his manufacturing interests. His office remained in Boston until 1875, when he relocated it to Providence, where he established A. D. Lockwood & Company to manage all of his business interests. His partner was John W. Danielson, his son-in-law, who had at least fifteen years of similar experience. In 1879 Lockwood hired the engineer Stephen Greene, formerly associated with civil engineers Niles B. Schubarth and

David M. Thompson David Marcus Thompson (born 18 July 1950 in Hackney, London) is a British film and television producer, and the editor of several books about film directors. Overview Thompson worked for the BBC from 1978 as a film programmer and documentary ...

. March 1, 1882, a new partnership was organized between Lockwood, Danielson and Greene, known as Lockwood, Greene & Company. Lockwood died January 16, 1884 in Providence. In 1886 Greene moved to Newburyport to be closer to the firm's business interests. In 1889 Danielson retired, selling his interest to Greene. The following January Greene moved the office to Boston, where it would remain. Lockwood, Greene & Company was incorporated January 1, 1901 in Massachusetts. Stephen Greene was the first president, and Frank E. Shedd the first vice president. Stephen Greene died unexpectedly November 7, 1901 at his home in Newton Center, where he had lived since relocating in 1890. His eldest son, Edwin Farnham Greene, was elected president in January, 1902. In 1892 George W. Stevens, former engineer for the

Amoskeag Manufacturing Company The Amoskeag Manufacturing Company was a textile manufacturer which founded Manchester, New Hampshire, United States. From modest beginnings it grew throughout the 19th century into the largest cotton textile plant in the world. At its peak, Amos ...

Manchester, New Hampshire Manchester is a city in Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, United States. It is the most populous city in New Hampshire. At the 2020 census, the city had a population of 115,644. Manchester is, along with Nashua, one of two seats of New Ha ...

, was hired as general superintendent of construction for southern work."Obituary,"
Engineering News
' 38, no. 15 (October 7 1897): 127. When Stevens died in 1897, Joseph Emory Sirrene of Greenville, South Carolina was hired as his replacement the following year. In 1899, when a southern office was established, it was established at Greenville under Sirrene's direction.Samuel B. Lincoln, ''Lockwood Greene: The History of an Engineering Business, 1832-1958'' (Brattleboro: Stephen Greene Press, 1960) The first twenty years of Edwin F. Greene's presidency was a period of major growth of the company. Lockwood, Greene & Company had established its first branch office in 1899, at Greenville, South Carolina, to serve as the firm's southern office. This was followed by a third office in

Chicago (''City in a Garden''); I Will , image_map = , map_caption = Interactive Map of Chicago , coordinates = , coordinates_footnotes = , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name ...

in 1911, and in 1912 the southern office was relocated to

Atlanta Atlanta ( ) is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Georgia. It is the seat of Fulton County, the most populous county in Georgia, but its territory falls in both Fulton and DeKalb counties. With a population of 498,715 ...

and the Boston office was moved into the new First National Bank Annex at 60 State Street, taking three full floors of the new building. In 1913 offices were added in

Montreal Montreal ( ; officially Montréal, ) is the second-most populous city in Canada and most populous city in the Canadian province of Quebec. Founded in 1642 as '' Ville-Marie'', or "City of Mary", it is named after Mount Royal, the triple ...

and New York. In 1919, after the close of

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

, offices were added at

Cleveland Cleveland ( ), officially the City of Cleveland, is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio and the county seat of Cuyahoga County. Located in the northeastern part of the state, it is situated along the southern shore of Lake Erie, across the U.S. ...

Detroit Detroit ( , ; , ) is the largest city in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is also the largest U.S. city on the United States–Canada border, and the seat of government of Wayne County. The City of Detroit had a population of 639,111 at t ...

and

Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), ma ...

, the latter to manage reconstruction work. In 1920, offices were added at

Charlotte Charlotte ( ) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of North Carolina. Located in the Piedmont region, it is the county seat of Mecklenburg County. The population was 874,579 at the 2020 census, making Charlotte the 16th-most populo ...

and

Philadelphia Philadelphia, often called Philly, is the List of municipalities in Pennsylvania#Municipalities, largest city in the Commonwealth (U.S. state), Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, the List of United States cities by population, sixth-largest city i ...

. In 1923, the southern headquarters was moved from Atlanta to

Spartanburg Spartanburg is a city in and the seat of Spartanburg County, South Carolina, United States. The city of Spartanburg has a municipal population of 38,732 as of the 2020 census, making it the 11th-largest city in the state. For a time, the Offi ...

, though the Atlanta office was retained.

Lockwood, Greene & Company Inc.

In 1915, Greene organized a new Lockwood, Greene & Company Inc., with four subsidiary companies: Lockwood, Greene & Company, engineers, for design and construction; Lockwood, Greene & Company, managers, for management of manufacturing facilities owned or leased by the firm; Lockwood, Greene & Company of Canada Ltd. for foreign work; and the Greelock Company, a holding company for mill securities. In 1918 Frank W. Reynolds, an employee since 1885 and head of the drafting room since the 1890s, encouraged the establishment of an architectural department. To lead this, in early 1919 Walter W. Cook was hired. This new department was in charge of exterior design in collaboration with the firm's other engineers.

Lockwood Greene Engineers Inc.

In the 1920s, textile manufacturing revenues declined in New England and elsewhere, leaving the firm in a precarious financial condition. In early 1926, with the company under the control of a creditor's committee, the engineering and management subsidiaries were dissolved, their assets merged with those of the parent company. Edwin F. Green stepped down as president, and Albert L. Scott, chairman of the former engineering subsidiary, succeeded him. Several branch offices were closed. These changes proved to be insufficient, and conditions worsened. By 1928, only the engineering department was generating a profit. As a result of these realities, in 1928 the firm was again reorganized. A new holding company, Building Engineers Inc., was formed by the directors, to which the engineering department sold. This new organization was then named Lockwood Greene Engineers Inc. Within a month, Lockwood, Greene & Company gave up management of its remaining mills, effective October 1, 1928, leaving the old firm solely a holding company for mill securities. Additionally, at this time the New York office was designated headquarters in place of Boston. In the reorganization the architectural department was merged with the engineers, and Walter W. Cook and his chief assistant George F. Blount left to establish their own firm, known as Cook & Blount, in New York. Their work was part of the architecture event in the art competition at the 1928 Summer Olympics. After the death of Scott in 1946 his replacement as president was Chester S. Allen. In 1949 Allen was succeeded by Samuel B. Lincoln. William J. Heiser was elected president in 1955, J. Robert Potter in 1961, and H. Morgan Rogers Jr. in 1968. In the decades after

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing ...

, the company once again grew rapidly.

Later years

In 1973, Morgan moved the headquarters to Spartanburg from New York. In 1981 Lockwood Greene was acquired by Philipp Holzmann AG, a German contractor. In 1982, Donald R. Luger was elected president to succeed Morgan. In January of 1999 Holzmann merged Lockwood Greene with

J.A. Jones Construction J.A. Jones Construction was a heavy construction company headquartered in Charlotte, North Carolina. Operating internationally since the 1950s, it merged with Germany's Philipp Holzmann AG in 1979. In 2003 the company ceased operations due to the ...

Charlotte, North Carolina Charlotte ( ) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of North Carolina. Located in the Piedmont region, it is the county seat of Mecklenburg County. The population was 874,579 at the 2020 census, making Charlotte the 16th-most populo ...

, a property of Holzmann since 1979. The last president of the company was Fred M. Brune, named to that office in June of the same year. Holzmann declared insolvency not long after and was liquidated in 2002. Facing its own problems, Jones declared bankruptcy in 2003, after which Lockwood Greene was sold to

CH2M Hill CH2M, earlier CH2M Hill, was an engineering company that provided consulting, design, construction, and operations services for corporations and governments. The company was organized in Corvallis, Oregon, and headquartered at 9191 South Jamaic ...

at a cost of $95.5 million.CH2M Hill Wins Prize In Bankruptcy Contest Lockwood Greene is sold by bankrupt J.A. Jones for $95.5 million as bid trumps two competitors
" enr.com, Engineering News-Record, December 22 2003, accessed June 12 2021. In 2007 the firm was renamed CH2M Hill Engineers. It became CH2M Engineers in 2015, and was folded into

Jacobs Engineering Group Jacobs Solutions Inc. is an American international technical professional services firm. The company provides engineering, technical, professional and construction services, as well as scientific and specialty consulting for a broad range of cli ...

in 2017 along with the rest of CH2M.

Legacy

A number of its works are listed on the U.S.

National Register of Historic Places The National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) is the United States federal government's official list of districts, sites, buildings, structures and objects deemed worthy of preservation for their historical significance or "great artistic ...

Works

American Legion Building (built 1937), 94 W. Park Dr.

Spartanburg, South Carolina Spartanburg is a city in and the seat of Spartanburg County, South Carolina, United States. The city of Spartanburg has a municipal population of 38,732 as of the 2020 census, making it the 11th-largest city in the state. For a time, the Off ...

(Lockwood, Greene and Company), NRHP-listed * Amity Leather Products Company Factory, 723-735 S. Main St.

West Bend, Wisconsin West Bend is the county seat of Washington County, Wisconsin, Washington County, Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 31,752. History Early history and settlement Northeastern Washington County's earliest known inhabitants wer ...

(Lockwood Greene), NRHP-listed *

Arlington Mills Historic District The Arlington Mills Historic District encompasses a major 19th century textile manufacturing complex in Lawrence and Methuen, Massachusetts. Developed between 1865 and 1925, it was one of the state's largest textile operations at its height. At ...

, Broadway between Manchester, Stafford and Chase Sts. Lawrence and Methuen, Massachusetts (Lockwood-Green Company), NRHP-listed * Athenaeum Press (built 1895), 215 1st St.

Cambridge, Massachusetts Cambridge ( ) is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. As part of the Boston metropolitan area, the cities population of the 2020 U.S. census was 118,403, making it the fourth most populous city in the state, behind Boston ...

(Lockwood,Greene,& Co.), NRHP-listed * Atlantic_City,_NJ,_USA_-_panoramio_(19)

Atlantic City Convention Hall Jim Whelan Boardwalk Hall, formerly known as the Historic Atlantic City Convention Hall, is a multi-purpose arena in Atlantic City in Atlantic County, New Jersey. It was Atlantic City's primary convention center until the opening of the Atlant ...

, Georgia and Mississippi Aves. and the Boardwalk Atlantic City, New Jersey (Lockwood-Greene & Co.), NRHP-listed * Charlotte Supply Company Building, 500 S. Mint St.

(Lockwood,Green & Co.), NRHP-listed * Cincinnati Enquirer Building (built 1926), 617 Vine St.

Cincinnati, Ohio Cincinnati ( ) is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio and the county seat of Hamilton County. Settled in 1788, the city is located at the northern side of the confluence of the Licking and Ohio rivers, the latter of which marks the state line wi ...

(Lockwood Greene & Co.), NRHP-listed * Columbia Mills Building, on the

Congaree River The Congaree River is a short but wide river in South Carolina in the United States; It flows for approximately 53 miles (85 km). The river serves an important role as the final outlet channel for the entire Lower Saluda and Lower Broad wate ...

Columbia, South Carolina Columbia is the List of capitals in the United States, capital of the U.S. state of South Carolina. With a population of 136,632 at the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, it is List of municipalities in South Carolina, the second-largest ...

(Lockwood,Greene, & Co.), NRHP-listed * Dallas Mill, 701 Dallas Ave.,

Huntsville, Alabama Huntsville is a city in Madison County, Limestone County, and Morgan County, Alabama, United States. It is the county seat of Madison County. Located in the Appalachian region of northern Alabama, Huntsville is the most populous city in ...

(Lockwood & Greene), NRHP-listed * Dan River Mill No. 8 (Boundary Increase), 424 Memorial Dr.

Danville, Virginia Danville is an independent city in the Commonwealth of Virginia in the United States, located in the Southside Virginia region and on the fall line of the Dan River. It was a center of tobacco production and was an area of Confederate activity ...

(Lockwood, Greene & Company), NRHP-listed * Dobson Mills, 4001-4041 Ridge Ave.; 33502-3530 Scott's La.

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Philadelphia, often called Philly, is the largest city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, the sixth-largest city in the U.S., the second-largest city in both the Northeast megalopolis and Mid-Atlantic regions after New York City. Sinc ...

(Lockwood,Greene & Co.), NRHP-listed *One or more works in Lawton Mills Historic District, Roughly bounded by Second St., Railroad Ave., Norwich Rd. and Fifth and Ninth Sts.

Plainfield, Connecticut Plainfield is a town in Windham County, Connecticut, United States. The population was 14,973 at the 2020 census. The town comprises four villages: Plainfield (south, ZIP code 06374), Moosup (northeast, 06354), Wauregan (northwest, 06387), an ...

(Lockwood, Green), NRHP-listed *

Life Savers Building Life Savers Building is a historic commercial and industrial building located on U.S. Route 1 in New York, North Main Street between Horton and Wilkins Avenues at Port Chester, New York, Port Chester, Westchester County, New York. It was built in 1 ...

, N. Main St.,

Port Chester, New York Port Chester is a village in the U.S. state of New York and the largest part of the town of Rye in Westchester County by population. At the 2010 U.S. census, the village of Port Chester had a population of 28,967 and was the fifth-most popu ...

(Lockwood,Greene & Co.), NRHP-listed *One or more works in Loray Mill Historic District, Roughly bounded by W. Franklin Blvd., S. Vance and S. Trenton Sts., and W. 6th Ave. B

Gastonia, North Carolina Gastonia is the largest city in and county seat of Gaston County, North Carolina, United States. It is the second-largest satellite city of the Charlotte area, behind Concord. The population was 80,411 at the 2020 census, up from 71,741 in 20 ...

(Lockwood, Greene and Co.), NRHP-listed *One or more works in Merrimack Mill Village Historic District, Alpine St., Triana Blvd., Dunn Dr., Cobb Rd., Drake Ave., & Grote St.

(Lockwood Greene Co.), NRHP-listed * Monaghan Mill, 201 Smythe St. Greenville, South Carolina (Lockwood, Greene & Co.), NRHP-listed * New England Confectionery Company Factory, 250 Massachusetts Ave.

(Lockwood, Greene & Co.), NRHP-listed * Pacolet_Mill_Office

Pacolet Mill Office Pacolet Mill Office, also known as Pacolet Municipal Building and Town Hall, is a historic office building located at Pacolet, Spartanburg County, South Carolina. It built in 1908 by the Pacolet Manufacturing Company. It is a one-story, brick buil ...

, 180 Montgomery Ave.

Pacolet, South Carolina Pacolet is a town in Spartanburg County, South Carolina, Spartanburg County, South Carolina, United States. The population was 2,235 at the 2010 United States Census, 2010 census. History Pacolet had its start in 1859 when the railroad was extende ...

(Lockwood, Greene & Co.), NRHP-listed *Pelzer Mill Buildings 1-4 in

Pelzer, South Carolina Pelzer is a town in Anderson County in South Carolina, United States, along the Saluda River. The population was 89 at the 2010 census. Government As of 2010 the town was governed by a mayor and four council members. The current Mayor is William ...

(Lockwood, Greene & Co.), destroyed * Sacco-Pettee Machine Shops, 156 Oak St.

Newton, Massachusetts Newton is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. It is approximately west of downtown Boston. Newton resembles a patchwork of thirteen villages, without a city center. According to the 2020 U.S. Census, the population of Ne ...

(Lockwood,Greene & Co.), NRHP-listed * Savona Mill, 528 S. Turner St.

(Lockwood,Greene & Co.), NRHP-listed *One or more works in Shawmut Historic District, Roughly bounded by 25th Blvd., 29th Blvd., 20th Ave., 35th St., and 38th Blvd.

Valley, Alabama Valley is a city in Chambers County, Alabama, United States. Valley was incorporated in 1980 combining the four textile mill villages of Fairfax, Langdale, River View, and Shawmut. As of the 2010 census it had a population of 9,524. The city li ...

(Lockwood, Greene & Company), NRHP-listed * Garnett_Station_Place_-_236_Forsyth_St

Southern Belting Company Building, 236 Forsyth St., SW

Atlanta, Georgia Atlanta ( ) is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Georgia. It is the seat of Fulton County, the most populous county in Georgia, but its territory falls in both Fulton and DeKalb counties. With a population of 498,7 ...

(Lockwood,Greene, and Co.), NRHP-listed *One or more works in Stark Mill and Mill Village Historic District, Roughly bounded by Lincoln, Askew, Church, Keith, and Brazil Sts, Whaley Ave. and the Hogansville city limits

Hogansville, Georgia Hogansville is a city in Troup County, Georgia, United States. The population was 3,060 at the 2010 census. Since 1998, Hogansville has held an annual Hummingbird Festival in October. It is located approximately halfway between Atlanta and Columbu ...

(Lockwood, Greene & Co.), NRHP-listed * Structural Science Building, Clemson University

Clemson, South Carolina Clemson () is a city in Pickens and Anderson counties in the U.S. state of South Carolina. Clemson is home to Clemson University; in 2015, ''the Princeton Review'' cited the town of Clemson as ranking #1 in the United States for " town-and-go ...

(Lockwood, Green and Company), NRHP-listed * Joseph Sykes Brothers Company Building, 1445 S. Mint St.

(Lockwood, Greene and Company), NRHP-listed * Textile Mill Supply Company Building, 1300 S. Mint St.

(Lockwood-Green & Co.), NRHP-listed * Montgomery_Building_in_2013