The Lobor concentration camp or Loborgrad camp ( hr, Koncentracioni logor Lobor) was a

concentration camp Internment is the imprisonment of people, commonly in large groups, without charges or intent to file charges. The term is especially used for the confinement "of enemy citizens in wartime or of terrorism suspects". Thus, while it can simpl ...

established in

Lobor Lobor is a city and municipality in the Northern Croatia. In 2011 census, there were 3,188 inhabitants in the area, 98.96% of which were Croats. During the first year of the World War II Ustaše established a concentration camp in Lobor, also known ...

Independent State of Croatia The Independent State of Croatia ( sh, Nezavisna Država Hrvatska, NDH; german: Unabhängiger Staat Kroatien; it, Stato indipendente di Croazia) was a World War II-era puppet state of Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy (1922–1943), Fascist It ...

(modern-day

Croatia , image_flag = Flag of Croatia.svg , image_coat = Coat of arms of Croatia.svg , anthem = " Lijepa naša domovino"("Our Beautiful Homeland") , image_map = , map_caption = , capi ...

) in the deserted palace of Keglevich family. It was established on 9 August 1941, mostly for Serb and Jewish children and women. The camp was established and operated by

Ustaše The Ustaše (), also known by anglicised versions Ustasha or Ustashe, was a Croats, Croatian Fascism, fascist and ultranationalism, ultranationalist organization active, as one organization, between 1929 and 1945, formally known as the Ustaš ...

, with 16 of its guards being members of the local

Volksdeutsche In Nazi German terminology, ''Volksdeutsche'' () were "people whose language and culture had German origins but who did not hold German citizenship". The term is the nominalised plural of ''volksdeutsch'', with ''Volksdeutsche'' denoting a sing ...

community. Its inmates were subjected to systematic torture, robbery and murder of "undisciplined" individuals. All younger female inmates of the Lobor camp were subjected to rapes. More than 2,000 people were inmates of this camp, at least 200 died in it. All survived children and women were transported to

Auschwitz concentration camp Auschwitz concentration camp ( (); also or ) was a complex of over 40 concentration and extermination camps operated by Nazi Germany in occupied Poland (in a portion annexed into Germany in 1939) during World War II and the Holocaust. I ...

in August 1942 where they all were killed.

Establishment

The Lobor concentration camp was established on 9 August 1942, mostly for Serb and Jewish children and women. The camp was established in the deserted palace of Keglevich family. It was established, operated and controlled by Ustasha Surveillance Service subordinated to

Main Ustaša Headquarters The Main Ustaša Headquarters ( hr, Glavni ustaški stan - GUS) was the ruling body of the Ustaša party in the Independent State of Croatia, convened under the ''poglavnik'', Ante Pavelić. Establishment The Ustaše emigrants lived in many diff ...

, the guards were members of the German ethnic community (

), totally 16 of them. The maximum capacity of this camp was 800 inmates.

The inmates

Because of the significant proportion of children among its inmates, this camp was categorized among children's concentration camp, besides Jablanac, Mlaka, Bročica brickyard, Uštica, Sisak, Jastrebarsko and Gornja Rijeka. According to some sources, the total number of children inmates in concentration camps in Croatia in 1942 was at least 24,000. The first contingent of inmates numbering 1,300 people was transported to Lobor camp from

Kruščica concentration camp Kruščica was a concentration camp established and operated by the fascist, Croatian nationalist Ustaše movement near the town of Vitez, in the Independent State of Croatia (NDH), between August and October 1941, during World War II. The c ...

. The number of women and children inmates in Lobor camp reached 1,500. All younger female inmates of the Lobor camp were subjected to rapes by the commanding officers and guards, which resulted with pregnancies, in some cases even of 14 years old girls. Besides systematic rapes, the inmates were subjected to torture, robbery and murder of "undisciplined" individuals. At least 200 women and children died in Lobor camp. There was no mass killing of inmates in Lobor, 150 inmates died because of typhoid epidemy. Around 2,000 Jewish women and children were inmates of this concentration camp during its existence. In period between 13 and 28 August 1942 all survived children and women were transported to

where they all were killed.

Aftermath

In 2002 the ''Home for Mentally lll Adults Lobor-Grad'' was established in the object which housed the camp. According to its website, during the World War II its building was the almshouse of ''The Society for the Suppression of begging and supporting sick''.

References

Sources

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Establishment

The inmates

Aftermath

References

Sources

Further reading